Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi ʻōpū

ʻO ka maʻi Cardiovascular ka manawa ākea no nā pilikia me ka puʻuwai a me nā kīʻaha koko. Pili pinepine kēia mau pilikia i ka atherosclerosis. Kūpono kēia ʻano ke kūkulu ʻia ka momona a me ka kōkō i loko o nā paia o ke kīʻaha koko (artery). Kapa ʻia kēia kūkulu ʻia he pāka. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki i ka pālāki ke hoʻopili i nā kīʻaha koko a hana i nā pilikia ma loko o ke kino. Inā paʻa ʻia kahi aʻa, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka puʻuwai a i ʻole ka hahau.

ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai coronary (CHD) ʻo ia ka ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi puʻuwai, ke kūkulu ʻia ka pā i loko o nā aʻa e alakaʻi ai i ka puʻuwai. Kāhea ʻia ʻo CHD ʻo ka maʻi maʻi aʻa (cor). Ke hāiki nā aʻa, ʻaʻole hiki i ka puʻuwai ke lawa i ke koko a me ka oxygen. Hiki i ke aʻa i ālai ʻia ke hōʻeha i ka puʻuwai. Ma hope o ka manawa, hiki i ka CHD ke hoʻonāwaliwali i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai a hana i ka puʻuwai ʻole a i ʻole arrhythmia.

Hewa puʻuwai kū i ka wā e paʻakikī ai ka nāwaliwali o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke pauma i ke koko momona o ka oxygen, i kumu i nā hōʻailona ma loko o ke kino. Hoʻopili paha ke ʻano i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka puʻuwai. ʻO ka pinepine, pili nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka puʻuwai. ʻO ke kahe kiʻekiʻe a me ka CAD nā kumu maʻamau o ka holo pono ʻole o ka puʻuwai.

ʻO Arrhythmias he mau pilikia me ka helu o ka naʻau (pulse) a i ʻole ka puʻuwai puʻuwai. Hana kēia inā ʻaʻole holo pono ka ʻōnaehana uila o ka puʻuwai. Pākuʻi paha ka naʻau me ka wikiwiki, lohi, a kaulike ʻole paha. ʻO kekahi mau pilikia puʻuwai, e like me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai a i ʻole ʻole ka puʻuwai hiki ke hana i nā pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana uila o ka puʻuwai. Hānau ʻia kekahi poʻe me ka arrhythmia.

Nā maʻi maʻi valves puʻuwai hanana ke hana ʻole kekahi o nā pahū ʻehā i ka puʻuwai. Hiki i ke koko ke hoʻokahe ma o ka paepae i ke ala hewa (i kapa ʻia ʻo regurgitation), a i ʻole hiki i ka valve ke wehe a lawa a ālai i ke kahe o ke koko (kapa ʻia stenosis). ʻO kahi puʻuwai puʻuwai ʻokoʻa, i kapa ʻia he ʻōhumu naʻau, ʻo ia ka hōʻailona maʻamau. ʻO kekahi mau pilikia puʻuwai, e like me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, maʻi puʻuwai, a i ʻole ka maʻi, hiki ke hōʻeha i nā maʻi puʻuwai puʻuwai. Hānau ʻia kekahi poʻe me nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai.

Maʻi maʻi peripheral artery kū i ka wā o nā aʻa i kou mau wāwae a me kou mau wāwae e lilo i hāiki ma muli o ke kūkulu ʻana o ka pā. Hoʻoemi nā aʻa ākea i ʻole kaohi i ke kahe o ke koko. Ke hiki ʻole i ke koko a me ka oxygen i nā wāwae, hiki iā ia ke hōʻeha i nā aʻalolo a me nāʻiʻo.

Ke koko kiʻekiʻe (hypertension)He maʻi maʻi maʻi ia e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe, e like me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, a me ka hahau ʻana.

Hahau kumu ʻia e ka loaʻa ʻole o ke kahe o ke koko i ka lolo. Hiki i kēia ke hana ma muli o ke kīʻaha koko e hele ana i nā kīʻaha koko i ka lolo, a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana o ka lolo i ka lolo. He nui nā kumu like like o Stoke me nā maʻi puʻuwai.

Maʻi maʻi ʻōpū he pilikia me ka hanana o ka puʻuwai a me ka hana e kū nei i ka wā hānau. Hiki i nā maʻi puʻuwai congenital ke wehewehe i nā pilikia like ʻole e pili ana i ka puʻuwai. ʻO ia ka ʻano maʻamau o ka hānau hānau kīnā.

ʻO Goldman L. Ke hoʻokokoke aku i ka mea maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi hiki. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 45.

Newby DE, Grubb NR. Cardiology. I: Ralston SH, Perman ID, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, eds. Nā Kumuhana a Davidson a me ka hana o ka lāʻau. 23rd Ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2018: chap 16.

ʻO Toth PP, Shammas NW, Foreman B, Byrd JB, Brook RD. Maʻi maʻi puʻuwai. I: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, eds. Puke aʻo o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻohana. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 27.

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