ʻO ka media Otitis me ka effusion

ʻO ka media Otitis me ka effusion (OME) he mānoanoa a paʻa paha i ka wai ma hope o ka eardrum ma ka pepeiao waena. Hana ʻia ia me ka maʻi ʻole o ka pepeiao.

Hoʻohui ka Tube Eustachian i loko o ka pepeiao i hope o ka puʻu. Kōkua kēia paipu i ka hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai e pale iā ia mai ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pepeiao. Kahe ka wai mai ka paipu a ale ʻia.

Pili nā maʻi maʻi OME a me nā pepeiao i nā ala ʻelua:

• Ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana o nā maʻi nui o ka pepeiao, noho ka wai (kahi effusion) ma ka pepeiao waena no kekahi mau lā a i ʻole mau pule.
• Ke āpana ʻia ka paukū ʻo Eustachian, kūkulu ka wai i ka pepeiao waena. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā bacteria i loko o ka pepeiao a hoʻomaka e ulu. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i kahi maʻi pepeiao.

Hiki i ka mea aʻe ke hoʻoulu i ka uhi o ka Tube Eustachian e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka wai.

• Nā Pāhoihoi
• Nā mea huhū (ʻo ka uahi paka hoʻi)
• Nā maʻi hanu

Hiki i ka mea aʻe ke hoʻopili i ka pahu Eustachian e pani a hoʻopaʻa ʻia paha:

• Ke inu nei i ka wā e moe ana ma kou kua
• Hoʻonui piʻi ka piʻi ʻana o ke ea (e like me ka iho ʻana i kahi mokulele a i ʻole ma ke alanui kuahiwi)

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai i loko o nā pepeiao o ka pēpē ʻaʻole ia e alakaʻi i kahi paipu i ālai ʻia.

ʻO ka OME ka mea maʻamau i ka hoʻoilo a i ka wā mua o ka puna, akā hiki ke hana i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili i nā poʻe o nā makahiki. Kū pinepine ia i nā keiki ma lalo o ka makahiki 2, akā ʻano laha ʻole i nā keiki hānau hou.

Loaʻa nā keiki ʻōpio iā OME ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā keiki makua a i ʻole nā ​​mākua no nā kumu he nui:

• ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ka paipu, ʻoi aku ke ākea, a pololei, e maʻalahi ai ke komo ʻana o ka bacteria.
• ʻO ka paipu he floppier, me ka hamama tinier kahi maʻalahi e ālai.
• Loaʻa i nā keiki ʻōpio ke anuanu hou no ka mea he manawa no ka ʻōnaehana pale e hiki ai ke ʻike a pale aku i nā maʻi anuanu.

ʻO ka wai i OME he lahilahi a wai hoʻi. I ka wā ma mua, ua manaʻo ʻia ua mānoanoa ka wai i ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana ma ka pepeiao. ("Pulu pepeiao" kahi inoa maʻamau i hāʻawi ʻia iā OME me ka wai mānoanoa.) Eia nō naʻe, manaʻo ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka wai i ka pepeiao iā ia iho, ma mua o ka lōʻihi o ka wai.

ʻAʻole like me nā keiki me ka maʻi pepeiao, ʻaʻole hana nā keiki me OME i ka maʻi.

ʻAʻohe o OME mau ʻōuli maʻa mau.

Hoʻopiʻi pinepine nā keiki makua a me nā mākua i ka lohe muffled a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka piha i ka pepeiao. Hiki i nā keiki ʻōpio ke hoʻohuli i ka leo kīwī ma muli o ka nalo o ka lohe.

Hiki paha i ka mea mālama ola ke loaʻa iā OME i ka nānā ʻana i nā pepeiao o kāu keiki ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana o kahi maʻi pepeiao.

E nānā ka mea hāʻawi i ka eardrum a nānā i kekahi mau loli, e like me:

• Nā huʻa ea ma luna o ka papakū
• Puʻupuʻu o ka eardrum ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi kukui
• ʻAʻole hiki ke neʻe ʻo Eardrum ke puhi ʻia nā puffs o ka lewa iā ia
• Loli ma hope o ka eardrum

ʻO kahi hōʻike i kapa ʻia ʻo tympanometry kahi mea hana pono no ka hōʻoia ʻana iā OME. Hiki i nā hopena o kēia hōʻike ke kōkua i ka nui a me ka mānoanoa o ka wai.

Hiki ke ʻike pololei ʻia ka wai ma ka pepeiao waena me:

• ʻAkohope kani
• Reflectometer: ʻO kahi hāmeʻa lawe lima

Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi audiometer a i ʻole ʻano ʻano o ka hoʻolohe hoʻolohe ʻana. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka mea hāʻawi e hoʻoholo i ka lāʻau.

ʻAʻole mālama ka hapa nui o nā mea hāʻawi iā OME i ka mua, ke ʻole he mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi. Ma kahi o, e nānā hou lākou i ka pilikia ma 2 a 3 mau mahina.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā hoʻololi hou e kōkua ai e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai ma hope o ka eardrum.

• Hōʻalo i ka uahi paka
• Paipai i nā pēpē e hānai waiū
• E mālama i nā maʻi āpau ma ka haʻalele ʻana i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki (e like me ka lepo). Hāʻawi ʻia nā mākua a me nā keiki makua i nā lāʻau āpau.

ʻO ka hapanui pinepine e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka wai iā ia iho. E ʻōlelo paha kāu mea lawelawe e nānā i ke ʻano no kekahi manawa e ʻike inā e ʻino ana ia ma mua o ka ʻōlelo ʻana i ka lāʻau.

Inā noho ka wai ma hope o 6 mau pule, hiki i ka mea hāʻawi ke paipai:

• Ke hoʻomau nei e nānā i ka pilikia
• He hoʻāʻo hoʻolohe
• ʻO kahi hoʻokolokolo hoʻokahi o nā lāʻau ʻalopika (inā ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ʻia ma mua)

Inā aia ka wai i 8 a 12 mau pule, e hoʻāʻo ʻia nā lāʻau ʻalopika. ʻAʻole kōkua mau kēia mau lāʻau.

I kekahi manawa, pono e hoʻāʻo i ka hoʻolohe ʻana o ke keiki.

Inā nui ka nalo ʻana o ka hoʻolohe ʻana (ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 decibels), pono paha nā antibiotic a i ʻole nā ​​paipu pepeiao.

Inā aia ka wai ma hope o 4 a 6 mau mahina, pono paha nā paipu, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe nui o ka hoʻolohe ʻana.

I kekahi manawa pono e lawe i nā adenoids no ka Eustachian Tube e hana pono.

Hele pinepine ʻo OME iā ia iho ma kahi o kekahi mau pule a i ʻole mau mahina. Hoʻonui ka wikiwiki i kēia hana. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka pepeiao glue e like me OME me kahi wai momona.

ʻAʻole pinepine ka OME i ka hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. ʻAʻole pōʻino ka hapa nui o nā keiki i ko lākou lohe a kamaʻilio ʻana paha, ʻoiai ke waiho nei ka wai i mau mahina.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā:

• Manaʻo ʻoe he OME paha kāu kāu keiki. (E hoʻomau ʻoe e kiaʻi i ke ʻano a hiki i ka nalowale ʻana o ka wai.)
• Hoʻokumu nā ʻōuli hou i ka wā a ma hope paha o ka mālama ʻana no kēia maʻi.

ʻO ke kōkua ʻana i kāu keiki e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o nā maʻi pepeiao hiki ke pale aku iā OME.

OME; Pāhaʻi otitis media; Pāho otitis koʻikoʻi; Pāheo otitis hāmau; Maʻi kīnā ʻole o ka pepeiao; Pepeiao pepeiao

• Ke kīʻaha paipu pepeiao - he aha e nīnau ai i kāu kauka
• Lawe ʻia ʻo Tonsil a me adenoid - hoʻokuʻu

• Anatomy pepeiao
• Maʻi pepeiao waena (otitis media)

ʻO Kerschner JE, ʻo Preciado D. Otitis media. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 658.

Pelton SI. ʻO Otitis externa, media otitis, a me mastoiditis. I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 61.

Rosenfeld RM, Shin JJ, Schwartz SR, et al. Kuhikuhi hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa: Otitis media me ka effusion executive hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo (update). Otolaryngol poʻo poʻo ʻoki. 2016; 154 (2): 201-214. PMID: 26833645 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26833645/.

Schilder AGM, Rosenfeld RM, Venekamp RP. ʻO ka pāpaho otitis ākea a me ka pāpāho otitis me ka effusion. I: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Ke poʻo poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 199.