Sinusitis

Aia ka Sinusitis ke pehu a pehu paha ke aʻa e uhi ana i nā sinus. Kū ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he hopena o kahi hopena hoʻohiehie a i ʻole kahi maʻi mai ka maʻi virus, bacteria, a fungus.

ʻO nā sinus nā wahi i piha i ka lewa i ka iwi poʻo. Aia lākou ma hope o ka lae, iwi ihu, pāpālina, a me nā maka. ʻAʻohe iʻa kino a me nā grobia ʻē aʻe nā sinhes olakino. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, hiki i ka mucus ke kahe i waho a hiki i ke ea ke kahe i loko o nā sinus.

Ke ālai ʻia a wehe ʻia ka puka sinus, a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria a me nā g germ.

Hiki ke Sinusitis mai kekahi o kēia mau ʻano:

• ʻAʻole hiki i nā huluhulu liʻiliʻi (cilia) i nā sinus ke neʻe kūpono i waho o ka mucus. Pili paha kēia i kekahi ʻano olakino.
• ʻO ke anuanu a me nā maʻi āpau paha ke kumu o ka hana ʻana i nā mucus he nui a pale paha i ka wehe ʻana o nā sinus.
• Hiki i kahi septum nasal deviated, nasal iwi spur, a i ʻole nasal polyps ke ālai i ka wehe ʻana o nā sinus.

ʻEkolu ʻano o ka sinusitis:

• ʻO sinusitis koʻikoʻi ke loaʻa nā ʻōuli no 4 mau pule a i ʻole emi. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e nā bacteria e ulu ana i nā sinus.
• ʻO sinusitis maʻi ka wā e loaʻa ai ka ʻōhū o nā sinus no 3 mau mahina. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ka bacteria a i ʻole ka fungus.
• ʻO ka subitis sinusitis ke kū ka pehu ma waena o hoʻokahi a ʻekolu mau mahina.

Hiki i ka mea aʻe ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu a kahi makua a keiki paha e ulu ai i ka sinusitis.

• ʻO ka rhinitis Allergic a i ʻole ka fiva hay
• ʻO Cystic fibrosis
• Ke hele nei i ka mālama lā
• Nā maʻi i pale i ka cilia mai ka hana kūpono
• Nā loli i ke kiʻekiʻe (lele a luʻu scuba paha)
• ʻO nā adenoid nui
• Puhipaka
• Hoʻonawaliwali ʻia nā ʻōnaehana pale maʻi mai HIV a chemotherapy
• Nā hanana sinus normal

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka sinusitis koʻikoʻi i ka poʻe mākua e ukali pinepine i ke anuanu ʻaʻole maikaʻi a i ʻole nā ​​wā ʻino ma hope o 7 a 10 mau lā. ʻO nā hōʻailona me:

• Hanu maikaʻi ʻole a honi o honi
• Cough, ʻoi aku ka hewa ma ka pō
• Ka luhi a me ka manaʻo maʻamau o ka maʻi
• Fiva
• ʻEha poʻo
• ʻEha e like me ke kaomi, ʻeha ma hope o nā maka, ʻeha ka niho, a palupalu paha o ka maka
• Nasal mea hoʻoiho a hoʻokuʻu
• ʻO ka puʻu ʻeha a me ka kulu postnasal

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka sinusitis maʻi mau e like me nā sinusitis koʻikoʻi. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka māmā o nā ʻōuli a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o 12 mau pule.

Nā ʻōuli o ka sinusitis i nā keiki e:

• ʻO ke maʻi anuanu a me nā hanu i maikaʻi a laila hoʻomaka i ka ʻino
• ʻO ke kuni kiʻekiʻe, me kahi hoʻokuʻu nasal ʻeleʻele, i kū mau no 3 mau lā
• Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka ihu, me a me ka ʻae ʻole, i noho ma kahi o 10 mau lā a ʻaʻole maikaʻi

E nānā ka mea mālama ola iā ʻoe a i kāu keiki paha no ka sinusitis e:

• Ke nānā nei i ka ihu no nā hōʻailona o polyps
• Ke hoʻomālamalama nei i kahi kukui e kūʻē i ka sinus (transillumination) no nā ʻōuli o ka pehu
• Kaomi ʻana ma kahi o ka sinus e ʻike i ka maʻi

Hiki i ka mea hāʻawi ke nānā i nā sinusus ma o kahi pae fiberoptic (i kapa ʻia ʻo nasal endoscopy a i ʻole rhinoscopy) e kuhikuhi ai i ka sinusitis. Hana pinepine ʻia kēia e nā kauka i loea i ka pepeiao, ka ihu, a me nā pilikia o ka puʻu (ENT).

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoholo ai i ka mālama ʻana:

• ʻO kahi CT scan o nā sinus e kōkua ai i ka diagnose sinusitis a i ʻole nānā i nā iwi a me nā aʻa o nā sinusa kokoke loa
• ʻO kahi MRI o nā sinus inā paha he tumo a maʻi fungal paha

ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole nā ​​x-ray maʻamau o nā sinus e hōʻoia pono i ka sinusitis.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a ʻo kāu keiki paha ka sinusitis ʻaʻole e hele a hoʻi ʻole i ka hoʻi ʻana, hiki i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe ke komo pū.

• Ke hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• Nā hōʻike koko no ka HIV a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe no ka hana maikaʻi ʻole o ka pale
• Hōʻike hana ciliary
• Moʻomeheu Nasal
• Cytology ihu
• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka sweat chloride no cystic fibrosis

MALAMA KOKE

E hoʻāʻo i nā kaʻina e hiki mai ana e hōʻemi i ka ukana i loko o kāu hewa.

• E noi i kahi mea holoi mehana, holoi i kou mau maka i nā manawa he nui i ka lā.
• Inu i ka nui o nā wai e lahilahi i ka mucus.
• E hoʻoheheʻe i ka mahu 2 a 4 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia lā (ʻo kahi laʻana, ʻoiai e noho ana i loko o ka lua me ka holo ʻana o ka ʻauʻau).
• E kāpīpī i ka saline nasal i mau manawa i kēlā me kēia lā.
• E hoʻohana i kahi humidifier.
• E hoʻohana i ka ipuhao Neti a i ʻole ka ʻomi miki saline e holoi ai i nā sinus.

E akahele me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā decongestants nasal spray over-the-counter e like me ka oxymetazoline (Afrin) a i ʻole neosynephrine. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i ka wā mua, akā ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana iā lākou ma mua o 3 a 5 mau lā hiki ke hōʻeha i ka ihu a alakaʻi i ka hilinaʻi.

I mea e hōʻoluʻolu ai i ka ʻeha sinus a i ʻole kaomi.

• Hōʻalo i ka lele ke kūpilikiʻi ʻoe.
• Hōʻalo i ka wela loa, nā hoʻololi koke o ka mahana, a kūlou i mua me kou poʻo i lalo.
• E hoʻāʻo i ka acetaminophen a i ʻole ka ibuprofen.

LAAU LAPAAU A ME NA LAAU EKAHI

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole pono nā antibiotic no ka sinusitis huehue. Hele ka hapa nui o kēia mau maʻi iā lākou iho. ʻOiai ke kōkua nā lāʻau ʻalopika, hoʻemi iki paha lākou i ka manawa o ka maʻi e hele aku ai. ʻOi aku ke kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau antibiotic no:

• ʻO nā keiki me ka hemo o ka ihu, malia paha me ka puʻe, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ma hope o 2 a 3 mau pule
• ʻOi aku ka wela ma mua o 102.2 ° F (39 ° C)
• ʻEha poʻo a ʻeha paha i ka maka
• ʻŌhū nui a puni nā maka

Pono e mālama ʻia ka sinusitis huehue no 10 a 14 mau lā. Pono e mālama ʻia ka sinusitis maʻi mau no 3 a 4 mau pule.

I kekahi manawa, e noʻonoʻo kāu mea hāʻawi:

• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe
• Nā hoʻāʻo hou aʻe
• Hāʻawi i ka pepeiao, ihu, a me ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole ka loea allergy

ʻO nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe no ka sinusitis:

• ʻO nā pana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai (immunotherapy) i mea e pale aku ai i ka hoʻi ʻana mai o ka maʻi
• Hōʻalo i nā pākī alapiʻi
• Nasal corticosteroid sprays a me antihistamines e hoʻēmi i ka pehu ʻana, keu hoʻi inā he nasal polyps a me nā maʻi āpau.
• Korticosteroids ʻoki

ʻO ke keʻoki e hoʻonui ai i ka wehe ʻana o ka sinus a pono ka pono i nā sinus. E noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i kēia kaʻina hana inā:

• ʻAʻole e hala kāu mau hōʻailona ma hope o 3 mau mahina o ka mālama ʻana.
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ma mua o 2 a 3 mau ʻāpana o ka sinusitis huʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi sinus sinus fungus. ʻO ke ʻoki kino e hoʻoponopono i kahi septum deviated a i ʻole nasal polyps hiki ke pale i ke ʻano mai ka hoʻi ʻana.

Hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia ka hapa nui o nā maʻi sinus me nā hana mālama ponoʻī a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Inā ʻoe e hoʻouka hou nei, pono ʻoe e nānā no nā kumu e like me nasal polyps a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia ʻē aʻe, e like me nā maʻi āpau.

ʻOiai paʻakikī loa, hiki i nā pilikia ke hoʻopili:

• Loaʻa ʻole
• Iwi maʻiʻaʻai (osteomyelitis)
• Meningitis
• ʻIli ʻili a puni ka maka (orbital cellulitis)

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā:

• ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o kāu mau hōʻailona ma mua o 10 a 14 mau lā a i ʻole he anu kāu e ʻino ma hope o 7 mau lā.
• He ʻeha poʻo poʻo kou i hōʻoluʻolu ʻole ʻia e ka lāʻau ʻeha over-the-counter.
• He kuni kou.
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli ma hope o ka lawe pono ʻana i kāu antibiotics āpau.
• Loaʻa nā loli i kāu hihiʻo i ka wā o ka maʻi sinus.

ʻO ka haʻalele ʻana i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole ka melemele ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi maʻi sinus ka a i ʻole he pono nā antibiotic.

ʻO ke ala ʻoi loa e pale aku ai i ka sinusitis ka pale ʻana i ke anu a me ka maʻi palū a mālama koke paha i nā pilikia.

• ʻAi i nā hua a me nā lau nui, ka mea waiwai i nā antioxidant a me nā kemika ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hoʻonui i kou ʻōnaehana pale a kōkua i kou kino e pale aku i ka maʻi.
• Kaohi i kāu mau maʻi āpau inā loaʻa iā ʻoe.
• E loaʻa i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau influenza i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
• E hōʻemi i ke koʻikoʻi.
• E holoi pinepine i kou mau lima, keu hoʻi ma hope o ka lululima ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ʻē aʻe no ka pale ʻana i ka sinusitis:

• Pale i ka uahi a me nā mea haumia.
• E inu i ka nui o nā wai e hoʻonui i ka wai i kou kino.
• Lawe i nā decongestants i ka wā o kahi maʻi hanu luna.
• Hana wikiwiki i nā maʻi āpau.
• E hoʻohana i kahi mea humuhumu e hoʻonui i ka hou i kou ihu a me nā sinus.

Sinitis huʻi; Maʻi maʻi Sinus; Sinusitis - huʻi; Sinusitis - maʻi mau; Rhinosinusitis

• Sinus
• Sinusitis
• Sinusitis maʻi

DeMuri GP, Wald ER. Sinusitis. I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 62.

Murr AH. Hele i ka mea maʻi me ka ihu, sinus, a me nā maʻi pepeiao. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 398.

ʻO Pappas DE, ʻo Hendley JO. Sinusitis. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 408.

Rosenfeld RM, Piccirillo JF, Chandrasekhar SS, et al. ʻO ke kulekele hana lapaʻau (update): sinusitis makua. Otolaryngol poʻo poʻo ʻoki. 2015; 152 (2 Hōʻawi): S1-S39. PMID: 25832968 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25832968/.