Meningitis - cryptococcal

ʻO ka meningitis Cryptococcal kahi maʻi fungal o nā aʻa e uhi ana i ka lolo a me ka iwi kuamoo. Kapa ʻia kēia mau pūnaewele he meninges.

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, hoʻokumu ʻia ka meningitis cryptococcal e ka fungus ʻO Cryptococcus neoformans. ʻIke ʻia kēia fungus i ka lepo a puni ka honua. ʻO Cryptococcus gattii hiki ke kumu i ka meningitis, akā hiki i kēia palapala ke kumu i ka maʻi i nā mea maʻi me ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea maʻamau pū kekahi.

ʻAʻole hoʻolaha ʻia kēia ʻano meningitis mai kekahi kanaka a kanaka. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻolaha ia ma waena o ke kahawai i ka lolo mai kahi ʻē aʻe i ke kino i loaʻa ka maʻi.

ʻO Cryptococcus neoformans pili pinepine ka meningitis i ka poʻe me ka ʻōnaehana pale nawaliwali, me nā poʻe me:

• AIDS
• Cirrhosis (kahi ʻano maʻi maʻi ate)
• Diabetes
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma
• ʻO Sarcoidosis
• Kahi hoʻoliʻiliʻi meaola

Kākaʻikahi ka maʻi i nā poʻe i loaʻa ka ʻōnaehana pale pale maʻamau a ʻaʻohe pilikia olakino lōʻihi.

Hoʻomaka mālie kēia ʻano meningitis, ma kahi o kekahi mau lā a i kekahi mau pule. Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli:

• Fiva
• Nā Haleluʻa
• ʻEha poʻo
• Hoʻololi ke kūlana noʻonoʻo (huikau)
• ʻO Nusea a me ka luaʻi
• ʻIke i ka mālam
• ʻĀʻī ʻoʻoleʻa

E nānā ana kāu mea mālama ola iā ʻoe a nīnau e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona.

Hoʻohana ʻia kahi lumbar puncture (spinal tap) e kuhikuhi ai i ka meningitis. I kēia hōʻike, hoʻoneʻe ʻia kahi laʻana o ka wai cerebrospinal (CSF) mai kou kuamoʻo a hoʻāʻo.

Nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia e hoʻopili ʻia:

• Moʻomeheu Koko
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• ʻO ka antigen Cryptococcal ma CSF a i ʻole ke koko, e nānā ai i nā mea ʻino
• Nānā CSF no ka helu pūnaewele, glucose, a me protein
• CT scan o ke poʻo
• Pākuʻi Gram, nā stains kūikawā ʻē aʻe, a me ka moʻomeheu o CSF

Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau anttifungal e mālama i kēia ʻano meningitis. ʻO ka Intravenous (IV, ma o kahi aa) ka lapaʻau me amphotericin B ka lāʻau maʻamau. Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia me kahi lāʻau antifungal oral i kapa ʻia 5-flucytosine.

ʻO kekahi lāʻau lāʻau, fluconazole, i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe he mana paha kekahi. Inā pono, e kuhikuhi ʻia ma hope ma ka papa maʻi.

ʻO ka poʻe e ola hou ana mai ka meningitis cryptococcal pono ka lāʻau lōʻihi no ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi mai ka hoʻi mai. ʻO ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nawaliwali, e like me nā poʻe me ka maʻi HIV / AIDS, e pono pū kekahi i kahi wā lōʻihi e hoʻomaikaʻi i ko lākou ʻōnaehana pale.

Hiki ke hana i kēia mau pilikia mai kēia maʻi:

• Poino lolo
• Lohe a lohe ʻole paha
• Hydrocephalus (CSF nui i ka lolo)
• Ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi
• Make

Hiki i nā Amphotericin B ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻē aʻe e like me:

• ʻO Nusea a me ka luaʻi
• Fiva a me nā anuanu
• ʻEha a hui pū nā mākala
• Poino hakuʻala

Kāhea i kāu helu pilikia kūloko (e like me 911) inā hoʻomohala ʻoe i kekahi o nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi i helu ʻia ma luna. Hiki i ka Meningitis ke lilo koke i maʻi hoʻoweliweli.

Kāhea i kāu helu kūloko kūloko a i ʻole e hele i kahi keʻena pilikia inā manaʻo ʻoe he meningitis i kahi keiki ʻōpio i loaʻa kēia mau ʻōuli.

• Pilikia hānai
• Uē kūho kiʻekiʻe
• Huhū
• ʻO ke kuni hoʻomau ʻole

Meningitis Cryptococcal

• ʻŌnaehana ʻōnaehana waena a me ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana peripheral

Nā kikowaena no ka pūnaewele Disease Control a me Prevent. Meningitis fungal. www.cdc.gov/meningitis/fungal.html. Hoʻohou i ʻAukake 06, 2019. Loaʻa iā Pepeluali 18, 2021.

Kauffman CA, Chen S. Cryptococcosis. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 317.

ʻO JR maikaʻi loa. ʻO Cryptococcosis (ʻO Cryptococcus neoformans a ʻO Cryptococcus gattii). I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 262.