Pākuʻi pepeiao - koʻikoʻi

ʻO nā maʻi pepeiao kekahi o nā kumu maʻamau e lawe ai nā mākua i kā lākou keiki i ka mea mālama ola. ʻO ka maʻi maʻamau loa o ka maʻi pepeiao i kapa ʻia ʻo otitis media. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ka pehu a me ka maʻi o ka pepeiao waena. Aia ka pepeiao waena ma hope pono o ka eardrum.

Hoʻomaka kahi maʻi pepeiao pepeiao i loko o kahi manawa pōkole a ʻeha. ʻO nā maʻi pepeiao i lōʻihi ka lōʻihi a i ʻole hele mai a kapa ʻia ua kapa ʻia he mau maʻi palaho mau.

Holo ka pahu eustachian mai ka waena o kēlā me kēia pepeiao a i ka hope o ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻokahe ka paipu i ka wai i hana ʻia ma ka pepeiao waena. Inā kāohi ʻia kēia paipu, hiki i ka wai ke kūkulu. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi.

• Kūleʻa nā maʻi pepeiao i nā pēpē a me nā keiki no ka mea maʻalahi maʻalahi ka paukū eustachian.
• Hiki i nā maʻi pepeiao ke hana i nā mākua, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o lākou ma mua o nā keiki.

ʻO nā mea āpau e pehu a pale paha nā paipu eustachian e hoʻonui i ka wai i ka pepeiao waena ma hope o ka eardrum. ʻO kekahi mau kumu:

• Nā Pāhoihoi
• ʻO nā maʻi anuanu a me nā sinus
• Hana ʻia ka mucus nui a me ka lawaiʻa i ka wā o ka niho
• Hoʻopili ʻia a nui ʻia hoʻi nā adenoids (nā mea lymph ma ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka ʻāʻī)
• Powa paka

ʻOi aku paha nā maʻi o ka pepeiao i nā keiki e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa inu i kahi kīʻaha sippy a i ʻole ʻōmole ke moe nei ma ko lākou kua. Hiki i ka waiū ke komo i loko o ka Tube eustachian, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka maka o ka maʻi pepeiao. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai i loko o nā pepeiao ʻaʻole ia e hihia i ka maʻi pepeiao pepeiao ke ʻole ka puka o ka eardrum.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe no nā maʻi pepeiao pepeiao nui e komo pū me:

• Ke hele nei i ka mālama lā (ʻo ia hoʻi nā kikowaena me nā keiki ʻoi aku ma mua o 6)
• Nā loli i ke kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ke aniau
• Anuanu anu
• Hōʻike puhi
• ʻO ka moʻolelo ʻohana o nā maʻi pepeiao
• ʻAʻole umauma
• Hoʻohana Pacifier
• ʻAloha pepeiao hou
• Nā maʻi hou loa o kēlā me kēia ʻano (no ka mea, hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka maʻi i ke kūpaʻa o ke kino i ka maʻi)
• Hema hānau, e like me ka hemahema i ka hana Tube Tube eustachian

I nā pēpē, pinepine ka hōʻailona nui o kahi maʻi pepeiao ke huhū a uē paha i hiki ʻole ke hoʻoluʻolu. Nui nā pēpē a me nā keiki me ka maʻi puʻupuʻu nui loa i ka fiva a i ʻole ka pilikia e hiamoe ana. ʻAʻole paʻa ka pepeiao i ka pepeiao i hōʻailona mau o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi pepeiao i ke keiki.

Nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi pepeiao pepeiao koʻikoʻi i nā keiki makua a i ʻole nā ​​mākua pū kekahi:

• ʻEha pepeiao
• Hoʻopiha i ka pepeiao
• Ke ʻano o ka maʻi maʻamau
• ʻAsalhaʻi ihu
• Cough
• Lethargy
  
• ʻO ka luaʻi
• Pohā
• Lohe ka pepeiao i ka pepeiao e pili ana
• Kahe o ka wai mai ka pepeiao
• Loaʻa ka ʻai ʻole

Hoʻomaka ka maʻi pepeiao ma hope koke iho o ke anuanu. ʻO ka hoʻokahe hikiwawe ʻana o ka wai melemele a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha mai ka pepeiao e manaʻo paha ua haki ka eardrum.

Hoʻopili nā maʻi pepeiao pepeiao āpau i ka wai ma hope o ka eardrum. Ma ka home, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi pepeiao pepeiao uila e nānā no kēia wai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i kēia hāmeʻa ma kahi lāʻau kūʻai. Pono ʻoe e ʻike i kahi mea mālama ola e hōʻoia i kahi maʻi pepeiao.

E lawe kāu mea hāʻawi i kāu mōʻaukala olakino a nīnau e pili ana i nā ʻōuli.

E nānā ka mea hāʻawi i loko o nā pepeiao e hoʻohana ana i kahi mea kani i kapa ʻia he otoscope. Hōʻike paha kēia hōʻike:

• Nā ʻāpana o ka ʻulaʻula i kaha ʻia
• Hoʻopiʻi i ka membrane tympanic
• Hoʻokuʻu mai ka pepeiao
  
• Nā huʻa ea a i ʻole ka wai ma hope o ka eardrum
• He lua (perforation) i ka eardrum

Paipai paha ka mea hāʻawi i kahi hoʻolohe hoʻokolohua inā he moʻolelo ko ke kanaka i nā maʻi pepeiao.

Hoʻomaʻemaʻe kekahi mau maʻi pepeiao iā lākou iho me ka ʻole o nā antibiotic. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻeha a me ka ʻae ʻana i ka manawa o ke kino e hoʻōla iā ia iho ka pinepine e pono ai:

• E noi i kahi lole mehana a hue wai mahana paha i ka pepeiao i hoʻopili ʻia.
• E hoʻohana i nā kulu ʻehaʻeha no nā pepeiao. A i ʻole e nīnau i ka mea hāʻawi e pili ana i nā eardrops kuhikuhi e hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha.
• E lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ibuprofen a i ʻole acetaminophen no ka ʻeha a me ke kuni. MAI hāʻawi i ka aspirin i nā keiki.

ʻO nā keiki āpau ma mua o 6 mau mahina me ke kuni a me nā ʻōuli o kahi maʻi pepeiao e ʻike i kahi mea hāʻawi. Hiki ke nānā ʻia nā keiki ma mua o 6 mau mahina ma ka home inā ʻaʻole iā lākou:

• ʻO ke kuni kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 102 ° F (38.9 ° C)
• ʻOi loa ka ʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ʻē aʻe
• Nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe

Inā ʻaʻohe hoʻomaikaʻi a i ʻole inā hele a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻōuli, e hoʻolālā i kahi manawa me ka mea hoʻolako e hoʻoholo inā pono nā antibiotic.

ANTIBIOTICS

Hiki i kahi virus a bacteria paha ke kumu i nā maʻi pepeiao. ʻAʻole kōkua nā Antibiotics i kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi. ʻAʻole kuhikuhi ka hapa nui o nā mea hāʻawi i nā antibiotic no kēlā me kēia maʻi pepeiao. Eia nō naʻe, mālama ʻia nā keiki āpau ma mua o 6 mau mahina me ka maʻi puʻupuʻu me nā antibiotic.

ʻOi aku paha ka manawa o ka hāʻawi ʻana o kāu mea hāʻawi i nā lāʻau antibiotic inā kāu keiki:

• Aia ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki
• Loaʻa ke kuni
• ʻIke ʻia maʻi
• ʻAʻole hoʻomaikaʻi i 24 a 48 mau hola

Inā kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau antibiotic, he mea nui e lawe iā lākou i kēlā me kēia lā a lawe i nā lāʻau āpau. Mai hōʻoki i ka lāʻau ke hele aku nā ʻōuli. Inā ʻaʻole e hana ana nā antibiotic ma waena o 48 a 72 mau hola, e kelepona aku i kāu mea hāʻawi. Pono paha ʻoe e kuapo i kahi antibiotic ʻokoʻa.

ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe o nā lāʻau antibiotic e komo pū me ka nausea, ka luaʻi, a me ka diarrhea. Kūleʻa ka hopena o ka maʻi ʻino, akā hiki paha.

Loaʻa i kekahi mau keiki i nā maʻi pepeiao e hele ma waena o nā hanana. Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i kahi lāʻau liʻiliʻi o kēlā me kēia lā o nā antibiotic e pale ai i nā maʻi hou.

NA MEA HANA

Inā ʻaʻole e hele kahi maʻi me ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau, a inā he nui nā maʻi pepeiao o ke keiki ma kahi o ka manawa pōkole, hiki i ka mea hāʻawi ke paipai i nā paipu pepeiao:

• Inā loaʻa i kahi keiki ʻoi aku ma mua o 6 mau mahina he 3 a ʻoi paha nā maʻi pepeiao ma waena o 6 mau mahina a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 4 mau maʻi pepeiao ma waena o kahi manawa he 12.
• Inā loaʻa i kahi keiki ma lalo o 6 mau makahiki he 2 mau maʻi pepeiao i ka wā 6- a i ka 12 mahina a i ʻole 3 mau ʻāpana i loko o 24 mau mahina.
• Inā ʻaʻole e hele ka maʻi maʻi me ka lāʻau lapaʻau

I kēia kaʻina hana, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi pahu liʻiliʻi i loko o ka eardrum, e hāmama ana i kahi puka liʻiliʻi e ʻae ai i ka ea e komo i loko i hiki i nā wai ke kahe maʻalahi (myringotomy).

Hāʻule pinepine nā paipu iā lākou iho. ʻO ka poʻe i hāʻule ʻole e hemo paha i ke keʻena o ka mea hāʻawi.

Inā hoʻonui ʻia nā adenoids, lawe ʻia iā lākou me ke ʻokiʻoki e noʻonoʻo ʻia inā hoʻomau mau nā maʻi pepeiao. ʻO ka hemo ʻana i nā tonsil ʻaʻole ia he mea e pale ai i nā maʻi pepeiao.

ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo kahi maʻi pepeiao he pilikia liʻiliʻi e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā maʻi pepeiao, akā hiki hou paha ia i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā keiki e loaʻa iki i ka nalo ʻana o ka wā pōkole ma ka manawa a ma hope pono hoʻi o kahi maʻi pepeiao. Loaʻa kēia i ka wai i ka pepeiao. Hiki i ka Fluid ke noho ma hope o ka eardrum no mau pule a i ʻole mau mahina ma hope o ka holoi ʻana o ka maʻi.

ʻAno ʻole ka lohi o ka haʻiʻōlelo a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo. Kū paha ia i loko o kahi keiki ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻolohe ʻana mai nā maʻi pepeiao pinepine.

I nā hihia kakaikahi, hiki ke ulu i kahi maʻi ʻoi aku ka nui, e like me:

• Haehae o ka ʻaihue
  
• Ka hohola ʻana i ka maʻi i nā mea kokoke, e like me ka maʻi o nā iwi ma hope o ka pepeiao (mastoiditis) a i ʻole maʻi maʻi o ka membrane lolo (meningitis)
  
• Pāhoʻi otitis maʻi
  
• Ka hōʻiliʻili o ka pā i a i ʻole puni ka lolo (abscess)

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā:

• Hū ʻoe ma hope o ka pepeiao.
• Eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāu mau ʻōuli, ʻoiai me ka lāʻau.
• He wela kou a i ʻole ʻeha nui.
• Kū koke ka ʻeha nui, kahi e hōʻike ai i kahi eardrum ruptured.
• Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli hou, keu hoʻi ka ʻeha o ke poʻo, ka palaho, ka pehu ʻana a puni ka pepeiao, a i ʻole ka mimiki ʻana o nā mākala o ka maka.

E hoʻomaopopo koke i ka mea hāʻawi inā he kuni kahi keiki ma mua o 6 mau mahina, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe o nā keiki hōʻailona ʻē aʻe.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kāu keiki i nā maʻi pepeiao me nā ana aʻe:

• E holoi i kou mau lima a me nā lima o kāu keiki a me nā mea pāʻani e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke anuanu.
• Inā hiki, koho i kahi mālama lā nona nā keiki he 6 a ʻoi aku paha. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻemi i ka manawa o kāu keiki e loaʻa ai i kahi anu a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻē aʻe.
• Hōʻalo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pacifiers.
• Hānai hānai i kāu pēpē.
• Hōʻalo i ka hue ʻole i ka hānai ʻana i kāu keiki ke moe lākou i lalo.
• Pale i ka puhipaka.
• E hōʻoia i ka hōʻoia 'ana i nā pale o kāu keiki. Ke pale nei ka lāʻau koʻokoʻo pneumococcal i nā maʻi mai nā koʻohune i kumu pinepine ʻia i nā maʻi pepeiao pepeiao a me nā maʻi hanu he nui.

Pāholo Otitis - huʻi; Maʻi ʻaʻai - pepeiao o loko; Maʻi pepeiao waena - koʻikoʻi

• Anatomy pepeiao
• Maʻi pepeiao waena (otitis media)
• Tube ʻEustachian
• Mastoiditis - ʻike ʻaoʻao i ke poʻo
• Mastoiditis - ʻulaʻula a me ka pupuhi ma hope o ka pepeiao
• Hoʻokomo paipu pepeiao - moʻo

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Rosenfeld RM, Schwartz SR, Pynnonen MA, et al. ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi hoʻomaʻamaʻa lapaʻau: tubes tympanostomy i nā keiki. Otolaryngol poʻo poʻo ʻoki. 2013; 149 (1 Hōʻawi): S1-S35. PMID: 23818543 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23818543/.

Rosenfeld RM, Shin JJ, Schwartz SR, et al. ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi hoʻomaʻamaʻa lapaʻau: ka pāpāho otitis me ka effusion (update). Otolaryngol poʻo poʻo ʻoki. 2016; 154 (1 Hōʻawi): S1-S41. PMID: 26832942 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26832942/.