ʻO ka hōʻoia Cholesterol a me nā hopena

ʻO Cholesterol kahi palupalu, e like me ka wax i loaʻa i nā ʻāpana āpau o ke kino. Pono i kou kino kahi wahi o ka kolesterol e hana pono. Akā hiki i ka nui o ke koleke ke kāpili i kou mau aʻa a alakaʻi i nā maʻi puʻuwai.

Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua koko Cholesterol e kōkua iā ʻoe a me kāu kauka olakino e hoʻomaopopo pono i kou makaʻu no ka maʻi puʻuwai, hahau, a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā aʻa ʻapi a paʻa paha.

ʻO nā waiwai kūpono no nā hopena a pau o ka cholesterol e kaukaʻi ʻia inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi puʻuwai, diabetes, a i ʻole nā ​​kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe. Hiki i kāu mea hāʻawi ke haʻi iā ʻoe i kāu pahuhopu.

Manaʻo ʻia he maikaʻi kekahi kolesterol a manaʻo ʻia kekahi maikaʻi ʻole. Hiki ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua koko ʻokoʻa e ana i kēlā me kēia ʻano kolesterol.

E kauoha paha kāu mea hāʻawi i kahi pae kolesterol piha e like me ka hōʻike mua. Ana ia i nā ʻano kolukoli a pau i kou koko.

Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi lipid (a i ʻole ka makaʻu coronary) pili, i hoʻopili ʻia:

• Huina kolesterol
• Lipoprotein haʻahaʻa momona (LDL kolesterol)
• Lipoprotein kiʻekiʻe (HDL kolesterol)
• Triglycerides (kekahi ʻano momona i loko o kou koko)
• Lipoprotein haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (VLDL kolesterol)

Hana ʻia nā Lipoproteins i ka momona a me ka protein. Hāpai lākou i ka cholesterol, triglycerides, a me nā momona ʻē aʻe, i kapa ʻia he lipids, i ke koko i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino.

Pono i kēlā me kēia mea e hōʻike i ka hōʻike loiloi mua e nā makahiki 35 no nā kāne, a me nā makahiki 45 no nā wahine. Paipai kekahi mau alakaʻi i ka makahiki 20.

Pono ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻokolohua kolesterol i ka wā ma mua inā loaʻa iā ʻoe:

• Diabetes
• Maʻi maʻi puʻuwai
• Hahau
• Piʻi koko kiʻekiʻe
• He moʻolelo ʻohana ikaika o ka maʻi puʻuwai

Pono e hana i nā hoʻokolohua ʻana.

• I kēlā me kēia 5 mau makahiki inā maʻamau kāu mau hopena.
• ʻO ka pinepine no nā poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, nā maʻi puʻuwai, ka hahau, a me nā pilikia kahe o ke koko i nā wāwae a me nā wāwae.
• I kēlā me kēia makahiki a inā ʻoe e lawe nei i nā lāʻau e kāohi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō.

ʻO ka huina kolukolo o 180 a 200 mg / dL (10 a 11.1 mmol / l) a i ʻole mea liʻiliʻi paha e manaʻo ʻia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.

ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e pono hou i nā hoʻokolohua kolesterol inā ʻo kāu kolesterol i kēia pae maʻamau.

Kāhea ʻia ʻo LDL kolesterol i kekahi manawa he "kolekole" kolesterol. Hiki iā LDL ke kāpili i kou aʻa.

Makemake ʻoe i haʻahaʻa kou LDL. Pili ka nui o ka LDL i ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ka hahau.

Manaʻo pinepine ʻia kāu LDL kiʻekiʻe loa inā 190 mg / dL a ʻoi paha.

ʻO nā pae ma waena o 70 a me 189 mg / dL (3.9 a me 10.5 mmol / l) i manaʻo ʻia he kiʻekiʻe loa inā:

• He maʻi diabetes kou a ma waena o nā makahiki 40 a me 75
• He maʻi diabetes kou a me ka makaʻu nui i nā maʻi puʻuwai
• Loaʻa ʻoe i kahi maʻi waena a kiʻekiʻe paha o ka maʻi puʻuwai
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi puʻuwai, ka mōʻaukala o ka hahau ʻana, a i ʻole ka holo maikaʻi ʻole i kou mau wāwae

Ua hoʻonohonoho maʻamau nā mea mālama ola i kahi pae pahuhopu no kāu LDL kolamu inā e mālama ʻia ʻoe me nā lāʻau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kāu kolesterol.

• Hōʻike kekahi mau ʻōkuhi hou i ka pono ʻole o nā mea hāʻawi i kahi helu kikoʻī no kāu LDL kolamu. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe no nā mea maʻi kiʻekiʻe loa.
• Eia nō naʻe, paipai kekahi mau alakaʻi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pahuhopu kikoʻī.

Makemake ʻoe i kiʻekiʻe kāu HDL cholesterol. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi o nā kāne a me nā wahine ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o kāu HDL, ʻo ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ia i kāu makaʻu o ka maʻi coronary artery. ʻO kēia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ʻo HDL i kekahi manawa ma ke ʻano he "maikaʻi" cholesterol.

ʻO HDL pae kolesterol kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 40 a 60 mg / dL (2.2 a 3.3 mmol / l) makemake ʻia.

Loaʻa i ka VLDL ka nui o nā triglycerides. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo VLDL he ʻano kolesterol maikaʻi, no ka mea kōkua ia i ka hana ʻana o ka cholesterol ma nā paia o nā aʻa.

ʻO nā pae maʻamau VLDL mai 2 a 30 mg / dL (0.1 a 1.7 mmol / l).

I kekahi manawa, lawa ka haʻahaʻa o kāu mau kolesterol a ʻaʻole e noi mai kāu mea lawelawe iā ʻoe e hoʻololi i kāu papaʻai a lawe i nā lāʻau.

Nā hopena hōʻike Cholesterol; Nā hopena hōʻike LDL; Nā hopena hōʻike VLDL; Nā hopena hōʻike HDL; Nā hopena pili pilikino Coronary; Nā hopena Hyperlipidemia; Nā hopena hōʻike o ka maʻi lipid; ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai - nā hopena cholesterol

• Kolesterol

ʻAhahui Diabetes ʻAmelika. 10. Ka maʻi Cardiovascular a me ka mālama ʻana i nā pilikia: nā kūlana o ka mālama olakino ma diabetes-2020. Mālama Diabetes. 2020; 43 (Hōʻawi 1): S111-S134. PMID: 31862753 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31862753.

Fox CS, Golden SH, Anderson C, et al. Hōʻike hou i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi i loko o nā mākua me ka type 2 diabetes mellitus i ka mālamalama o nā hōʻike hou: He ʻōlelo ʻepekema mai ka American Heart Association a me ka American Diabetes Association. Kaapuni. 2015; 132 (8): 691-718. PMID: 26246173 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26246173.

ʻO Gennest J, Libby P. Nā maʻi lipoprotein a me nā maʻi maʻi ʻōpū. I: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai ʻo Braunwald: He puke aʻo no ka lāʻau Cardiovascular. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 48.

Grundy SM, Pōhaku NJ, Bailey AL, et al. ʻO 2018 AHA / ACC / AACVPR / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / ADA / AGS / APhA / ASPC / NLA / PCNA Alakaʻi e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ke kōkōkō koko: kahi hōʻike o ka American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guide. . ʻO J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019; 73 (24): e285-e350.2018. PMID: 30423393 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30423393.

Rohatgi A. Ana ana o Lipid. I: de Lemos JA, Omland T, eds. ʻO ka maʻi maʻa mau ʻo Coronary Artery: kahi hoa hele i ka maʻi puʻuwai ʻo Braunwald. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 8.

• Kolesterol
• Nā Papa Cholesterol: He aha kāu e ʻike ai
• HDL: ʻO Cholesterol "Maikaʻi"
• LDL: Ke Cholesterol "maikaʻi"