Osteoporosis

ʻO Osteoporosis kahi maʻi kahi nāwaliwali nā iwi a ʻoi aku ka haki (haki).

ʻO Osteoporosis ka ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi iwi.

Hoʻonui ka Osteoporosis i ka makaʻu o ka haki iwi. Ma kahi o ka hapalua o nā wahine āpau ma mua o 50 mau makahiki e loaʻa i ka haki o ka ʻūhā, ka pulima oʻu, a i ʻole ka vertebra (iwi o ka iwi kuamoʻo) i ko lākou ola. ʻO nā haʻihaʻi Spine ka mea maʻamau.

Pono kou kino i nā minelala calcium a me phosphate e hana a mālama i nā iwi olakino.

• I kou ola, hoʻomau kou kino i ka lua hou i ka iwi kahiko a hana i iwi hou.
• ʻOiai ke koena maikaʻi o kou kino o ka iwi hou a ʻelemakule hoʻi, e noho olakino a ikaika hoʻi kou mau iwi.
• Hana ʻia ka iwi iwi ke hoʻopili hou ʻia ka iwi kahiko ma mua o ka hana ʻia ʻana o ka iwi hou.

I kekahi manawa, hāʻule ka iwi me ka ʻole o kekahi kumu i ʻike ʻia. I kekahi mau manawa, holo ka nalowale iwi a me nā iwi lahilahi i loko o nā ʻohana. Ma ka laulā, keʻokeʻo, wahine ʻelemakule ka nui o ka nalo ʻana o ka iwi.

Hiki ke kumu ʻia nā iwi palupalu e nā mea e hōʻino ai i kou kino i nā iwi he nui, a i ʻole mālama i kou kino mai ka hana ʻana i ka iwi hou. I kou mau makahiki, hiki i kou kino ke hoʻopili hou i ka calcium a me ka phosphate mai kou mau iwi ma kahi o ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau minelala i loko o kou mau iwi. Māmā kēia i kou mau iwi.

ʻAʻole lawa ka makaʻu nui i ka calcium e kūkulu i nā iwi iwi hou. He mea nui e ʻai / inu i nā meaʻai nui o ka calcium. Pono ʻoe i ka wikamina D, no ka mea kōkua ia i kou kino e omo i ka puna. E palupalu paha kou mau iwi a haki paha inā:

• Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻai i ka meaʻai me ka calcium a me ka huaola D
• ʻAʻole hānai kou kino i ka nui o ka puna mai kāu meaʻai, e like me ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana o ka gastric

ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe o ka nalo ʻana o ka iwi.

• ʻO ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka estrogen i nā wahine i ka manawa o ka menopause a me ka emi o ka testosterone i nā kāne i ko lākou mau makahiki
• Hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kahi moena no ka maʻi lōʻihi (ʻo ka hapanui ka hopena i nā iwi i nā keiki)
• Loaʻa i kekahi ʻano olakino e hoʻonui ai i ka mumū i loko o ke kino
• Lawe i kekahi mau lāʻau, e like me kekahi mau lāʻau hopu, lāʻau lapaʻau hormonone no ka prostate a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, a me nā lāʻau steroid i lawe ʻia ma mua o 3 mau mahina.

ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe e pili pū me:

• Ka loaʻa ʻole o nā wā paʻahana no nā wā lōʻihi
• He moʻolelo ʻohana o ka osteoporosis
• Ke inu nei i kahi nui o ka waiʻona
• Kaumaha kaumaha haʻahaʻa
• Puhipaka
• Loaʻa i kahi maʻi ʻai, e like me anorexia nervosa

ʻAʻohe hōʻailona i ka wā mua o ka osteoporosis. I nā manawa he nui, e loaʻa ka iwi i ka haʻi ma mua o ka ʻike ʻana he maʻi ko lākou.

Hiki i nā haʻihaʻi o nā iwi o ka iwi kuamoʻo ke hōʻeha i ka ʻeha ma aneʻi ma nā wahi āpau. Kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he haʻi haʻi. Kū pinepine lākou me ka ʻole o kahi ʻeha. Kū koke ka ʻeha a lohi paha i ka holo ʻana o ka manawa.

Hiki ke lilo i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe (e like me 6 ʻīniha a i ʻole 15 kenimika) i ka manawa. Kū paha kahi kūlana kūlou a i ʻole kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia he puʻupuʻu dowager.

ʻO ka scan DEXA kahi x-ray kukuna haʻahaʻa e ana ana i ka mānoanoa o nā minelala i kou mau iwi. ʻO ka pinepine, ana ke ana i ka iwi o ka iwi kuamoʻo a me nā iwi hip. Hoʻohana kāu mea mālama ola i kēia hōʻoia iā:

• Kuhi i ka nalo ʻana o ka iwi a me ka osteoporosis.
• Wānana i kou makaʻā no nā haʻi iwi o ka wā e hiki mai ana.
• E ʻike i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ka lāʻau osteoporosis. (Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ka DEXA i kēlā me kēia makahiki 2.)

Hiki i ke kuamoʻo maʻalahi a i ʻole hip x-ray ke hōʻike i ka haki a haki paha o nā iwi iwi kuamoo. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole pololei nā kukuna x maʻalahi o nā iwi ʻē aʻe i ka wānana ʻana inā he osteoporosis paha kāu. Hana hou ʻia kahi x-ray iwi ākea haʻahaʻa-radiation i kapa ʻia he vertebral bali (VFA) me kahi DEXA e ʻike pono ai i nā haki i loaʻa ʻole nā ​​ʻōuli.

Pono ʻoe i nā hoʻokolohua koko a me ka mimi inā manaʻo kāu mea hāʻawi ke kumu o kāu osteoporosis he ʻano olakino, ma mua o ka nalo ʻana o ka iwi lohi e kū me ka ʻelemakule.

Hoʻohālikelike nā hopena scan a DEXA i ka nui o ka mineral o ka iwi me nā ʻōpio makua ʻole ʻole o ka iwi a me ka poʻe o kou mau makahiki a me kāu kāne. ʻO kēia ke kumu ma ka makahiki 80, kokoke i ka hapakolu o nā wahine me ka nalo ʻana o ka iwi e pili ana i ka makahiki maʻamau i ka osteoporosis, e pili ana i kā lākou DEXA scan hopena.

Hoʻopili ka mālama ʻana no ka osteoporosis:

• Ke hoʻololi nei i ka nohona, e like me ka hoʻololi ʻana i kāu papaʻai a me nā hana hoʻoikaika kino
• Lawe i nā mea hoʻohui kalima a me ka wikamina D
• Ke hoʻohana nei i nā lāʻau

Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau e hoʻoikaika i nā iwi ke:

• Ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻo Osteoporosis e kahi hoʻopaʻa paʻa iwi, inā ʻaʻohe ʻoe i haki, a kiʻekiʻe kou maka haki.
• Ua loaʻa ʻoe i ka haʻihaʻi iwi, a hōʻike kahi hoʻāʻo o ka iwi i kou mau iwi lahilahi, akā ʻaʻole ka osteoporosis.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau e mālama ai i ka osteoporosis:

• ʻO Bisphosphonates - nā lāʻau nui i hoʻohana ʻia e pale a mālama i ka osteoporosis i nā wahine postmenopausal. Hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi ʻia e ka waha a i ʻole iā IV.
• Denusomab - hoʻemi i ka nalo o ka iwi a hoʻonui i ka iwi i ka nui. Hāʻawi ʻia e ka pahu kui ma lalo o ka ʻili.
• ʻO Teriparatide a i ʻole abaloparatide - nā ʻano hana i hana ʻia e ke kanaka e hana ai i kou kino e hoʻonui ai i ka iwi.
• Romosozumab - kahi lāʻau hou aku no ka wī ʻana o ka iwi ʻoi loa.
  Nā modulator receptor Estrogen.
  ʻO Calcitonin - kahi ʻano hana i hana ʻia e ke kanaka e hana ai i kou kino e hoʻonui ai i ka iwi. Hoʻohana nui ʻia e mālama i ka ʻeha hōʻeha mai kahi haʻi o ka iwi kuamoʻo

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka manawa e pono ai ka wahine e lawe i kēia mau lāʻau i ka pae o ka makaʻu. Aia nā manaʻo me ka:

• Palehua haʻihaʻi haʻahaʻa - 5 mau makahiki o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole 3 mau makahiki o ka IV therapy
• ʻO ka pilikia nui o ka haki kiʻekiʻe - 10 mau makahiki o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole 6 mau makahiki o ka IV therapy

He kuleana nui ka hoʻoikaika i ka mālama ʻana i ka iwi i ka poʻe mākua. ʻO kekahi o nā hana i koi ʻia e hōʻemi i kou manawa o ka haki me:

• ʻO nā hoʻoikaika kau ʻana i ke kaupaona, e like me ka hele wāwae, ka heʻe ʻana, ka pā ʻana i ka tennis, a me ka hulahula ʻana ma kahi o 30 mau minuke, ʻekolu mau manawa i kēlā me kēia pule.
• Nā kaupaona manuahi, nā mīkini kaupaona, nā kaula e hoʻolōʻihi ai
• Nā hana kaulike, e like me tai chi a me yoga
• Nā mīkini hoe

Hōʻalo i nā hoʻoikaika kino e hōʻike i kahi makaʻu o ka hina. Eia kekahi, mai hana i nā hana hoʻoikaika kiʻekiʻe i hiki ke kumu i nā haki i nā mākua makua.

E hāhai i kēia mau kulekele no ka lawa ʻana o ka calcium a me ka wikamina D:

• Pono nā mākua ma lalo o 50 mau makahiki e loaʻa iā 1000 mg o ka calcium a me 400 a 800 i nā 800 Units International (IU) o ka huaola D i ka lā.
• Pono nā wahine i nā makahiki 51 a 70 i ka 1,200 mg o ka calcium a me 400 a 800 IU o ka huaora D i ka lā.
• Pono nā kāne i nā makahiki 51 a 70 e loaʻa iā 1000 mg o ka calcium a me 400 a 800 IU o ka wikamina D i ka lā.
• Pono nā mākua ma luna o 70 mau makahiki i ka 1,200 mg o ka puna a me ka 800 IU o ka wikamina D i ka lā.
• E ʻōlelo paha kāu mea hāʻawi i kahi kōpena calcium.
• E hāhai i ka papaʻai e hāʻawi ana i ka nui kūpono o ka calcium a me ka huaola D. E hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻopihapiha e pani ai no ka hemahema inā ʻaʻohe o kāu papaʻai i nā helu i ʻōlelo ʻia.
• Hiki i kāu mea hāʻawi ke koi aku i nā kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe o ka wikamina D inā ʻoe he mau pilikia no ka osteoporosis a i ʻole kahi pae haʻahaʻa o kēia wikamina.

(Kahakaha: ʻAʻole maopopo i kekahi mau pūʻulu loea i nā pono a me ka palekana o kēia nui o ka wikamina D a me ka calcium ma mua o ko lākou mau pilikia. E kūkā kamaʻilio me kāu mea hāʻawi inā he koho maikaʻi nā mea hoʻopiha iā ʻoe.)

E hōʻoki i nā ʻano maikaʻi ʻole:

• E haʻalele i ka puhi ʻana, inā ʻoe e puhi.
• Ka palena i kāu inu ʻona. Hiki i ka nui o ka waiʻona ke hoʻopōʻino i kou mau iwi. Hāʻawi kēia iā ʻoe i ka makaʻu o ka hāʻule a haki i kahi iwi.

He mea nui e pale i ka hina ʻana o ka poʻe ʻelemākule. Hiki i kēia mau manaʻo kōkua ke kōkua:

• Mai lawe i nā lāʻau e hiamoe ai a kūpilikiʻi ʻole ai. Inā pono ʻoe e lawe iā lākou, e makaʻala ke kū aʻe a neʻe. ʻO kahi laʻana, e paʻa i nā countertops a i ʻole nā ​​lako paʻa e pale i ka hāʻule.
• Wehe i nā makaʻi o ka home, e like me nā kapeta hoʻolei, e hoʻemi i ka makaʻu o ka hāʻule.
• E waiho i nā kukui i ka pō i hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke hele wāwae a puni i kou hale.
• E hoʻouka a hoʻohana i nā kaola hopu palekana i loko o ka lua.
• E hoʻouka i ka papa ant antipip i loko o nā bath baths a me nā ua.
• E hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o kāu ʻike. E nānā i kou mau maka i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha manawa o ka makahiki e ke kauka maka.
• E komo i nā kāmaʻa e kūpono pono a loaʻa nā heʻe liʻiliʻi. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia i nā pālule. ʻO nā paheʻe wāwae ʻaʻohe ona heʻe wāwae hiki iā ʻoe ke huakaʻi a hāʻule.
• Mai hele wale i waho i nā lā hau.

ʻO ke ʻoki lāʻau e mālama ai i ka ʻehaʻeha o ka ʻeha o ke kuamoʻo ma muli o ka osteoporosis.

• Kyphoplasty (hoʻonoho ʻia kahi mea i loko o ka iwi o kou kuamoʻo e hoʻihoʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka vertebrae)
• Hoʻohui kuamoʻo (hoʻohui ʻia nā iwi o kou kuamoʻo no laila ʻaʻole lākou e neʻe i kekahi i kekahi)

Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke mālama i ka osteoporosis ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā haʻihaʻi o ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoikaika ʻia nā iwi iwi kuamoʻo i hāʻule mua.

Hiki i ka Osteoporosis ke kīnā i kekahi kanaka mai nā iwi nāwaliwali. ʻO nā haʻihaʻi hip kekahi kumu nui e ʻae ai ka poʻe i nā hale hānai.

E mālama pono i ka nui o ka puna a me ka huama D e kūkulu a mālama i nā iwi olakino. Ma hope o ka papaʻai olakino, kaulike maikaʻi hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e loaʻa i kēia mau mea a me nā meaola nui ʻē aʻe.

Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ʻē aʻe no ka pale ʻana:

• Mai inu i ka nui o ka waiʻona.
• Mai puhi.
• E kiʻi i ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau.

Hiki i nā lāʻau ke mālama i ka osteoporosis a pale i ka haki. Hiki i kāu mea hāʻawi ke haʻi iā ʻoe inā kūpono kekahi iā ʻoe.

Iwi lahilahi; Kaha iwi haʻahaʻa; Maʻi maʻi metabolic; Haki haʻi - osteoporosis; Pāhaʻi kōmi - osteoporosis; ʻO ka haki lima - osteoporosis

• Haki haʻi - hoʻokuʻu
• Pāleʻa ka pale ʻana

• Haki pāʻina
• ʻ densitymiʻi iwi ʻiʻo
• Osteoporosis
• Osteoporosis
• Haki hakahaka
• Kumuwaiwai Vitamin D
• Ka pōmaikaʻi pākana
• Kumu Kalipona
• Hoʻoikaika hale kūkulu iwi
• Hoʻololi i nā ʻōiwi me ka makahiki

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DM ʻEleʻele, Rosen CJ. ʻOihana hoʻomaʻamaʻa: osteoporosis postmenopausal. N Engl J Med. 2016; 374 (3): 254-262. PMID: 26789873 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26789873.

ʻO Compston JE, McClung MR, ʻo Leslie WD. Osteoporosis. Lancet. 2019; 393 (10169): 364-376. PMID: 30696576 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30696576.

ʻO Cosman F, de Beur SJ, LeBoff MS, et al; ʻO National Osteoporosis Foundation. ʻO ke alakaʻi a ka mea lapaʻau i ka pale a me ka mālama ʻana i ka osteoporosis. ʻO Osteoporos Int. 2014; 25 (10): 2359-2381. PMID: 25182228 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25182228.

De Paula FJA, DM ʻEleʻele, Rosen CJ. Osteoporosis: nā kumu a me nā ʻano lapaʻau. I: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Loenig RJ, et al, eds. ʻO Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 14th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 30.

Eastell R, Rosen CJ, Black DM, et al. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau o ka osteoporosis i nā wahine postmenopausal: kahi Endocrine Society * papa kuhikuhi hana olakino. ʻO J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019; 104 (5): 1595-1622. PMID: 30907593 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30907953.

Kemmler W, Bebenek M, Kohl M, von Stengel S. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa a me nā haki i nā wahine postmenopausal. Nā hopena hope loa o ka Erlangen Fitness a me ka Osteoporosis Prevention Study (EFOPS) i kāohi ʻia. ʻO Osteoporos Int. 2015; 26 (10): 2491-2499. PMID: 25963237 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25963237.

ʻO Moyer VA; ʻO ka Pūʻali Hana lawelawe lawelawe US. ʻO ka wikamina D a me ka hoʻohuihui calcium e pale ai i nā haki i nā mākua. ʻO Ann Intern Med. 2013; 158 (9): 691-696. PMID: 23440163 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23440163.

Qaseem A, Forciea MA, McLean RM, et al. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka iwi iwi haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka osteoporosis e pale ai i ka haki i nā kāne a me nā wahine: kahi hoʻomaʻamaʻa alakaʻi alakaʻi hoʻomaʻamaʻa mai ka American College of Physicians. ʻO Ann Intern Med. 2017; 166 (11): 818-839. PMID: 28492856 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28492856.