Ka poloka o ke alaloa kiʻekiʻe

Kū ka wahi o ke ala kiʻekiʻe i ka wā e liʻiliʻi ai nā wahi hanu luna o luna a paʻakikī paha, e paʻakikī e hanu. ʻO nā wahi ma ke ala ākea kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka pehu makani (trachea), pahu leo ​​(larynx), a me ka puʻu (pharynx).

Hiki ke hoʻopili a pale ʻia ke ala waena no nā kumu he nui, e like me:

• ʻO nā hopena āpau kahi i pehu ai ka trachea a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī, me nā hopena maʻi ʻeha i ka ʻā pi, peanuts, antibiotics (e like me penicillin), a me nā lāʻau kahe koko (e like me nā mea kāohi ACE)
• ʻO ke ahi a me nā hopena
• Epiglottitis (maʻi o ka hanana e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ka trachea mai ka esophagus)
• ʻO ke ahi a i ʻole ke ahi mai ka hanu ʻana i ka uahi
• Nā kino haole, e like me ka pī a me nā meaʻai i hanu ʻia, nā ʻāpana o kahi baluna, nā pihi, nā moni, a me nā mea pāʻani liʻiliʻi
• Nā maʻi o ka ʻāpana airway luna
• Ka ʻeha i ka ʻāpana airway luna
• Peritonsillar abscess (hōʻiliʻili o nā mea maʻi i kokoke i nā tonsil)
• Poisoning mai kekahi mau mea, e like me strychnine
• Abscess Retropharyngeal (hōʻiliʻili o nā mea maʻi i ka hope o ke alaloa)
• Hoʻouka hānō loa
• Maʻi ʻaʻai Kākā
• Tracheomalacia (nāwaliwali o ka cartilage e kākoʻo ana i ka trachea)
• Nā pilikia kaula leo
• Ke hele nei i waho a ʻike ʻole paha

ʻO ka poʻe iʻoi aku ka nui o ka makaʻala no ke kahakaha ʻana o ke ala me nā poʻe i loaʻa

• Nā pilikia Neurologic e like me ka ale ʻana i ka paʻakikī ma hope o ka maʻi ʻōiwi
• Niho nalowale
• Nā pilikia olakino noʻonoʻo

ʻO nā keiki ʻōpio a me nā mākua makua ka nui o ka makaʻu no ka pale ākea.

Hoʻololi nā ʻōuli, kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kumu. Akā ʻo kekahi mau hōʻailona e maʻa mau i nā ʻano āpau o ke kahakaha airway. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻoikaika a fidgeting paha
• ʻO kaʻula Bluish i kaʻili (cyanosis)
• Hoʻololi i ka ʻike
• Kāpena
• Huikau
• Ka hanu paʻakikī ʻana, heʻe ʻana i ka ea, e alakaʻi ana i ka weliweli
• Manaʻo ʻole
• ʻO ke kani ʻana, ke kani ʻana, ke ʻāwī ʻana, a i ʻole nā ​​leo hanu ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ana i ka paʻakikī hanu

E hana ana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino a nānā i ke ala kai. E nīnau pū ka mea hāʻawi e pili ana i ke kumu o ka paʻa ʻana.

ʻAʻole pono nā hoʻokolohua, akā hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia:

• Bronchoscopy (paipu ma o ka waha i loko o ka trachea a me nā paipu bronchial)
• Laryngoscopy (paipu ma ka waha i loko o ka hope o ka ʻāʻī a me ka voicebox)
• Nā kukuna X

Pili ka mālama ʻana i ke kumu o ka paʻa ʻana.

• Hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke alaloa me nā mea kani kūikawā.
• Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu i loko o ke alaloa (endotracheal Tube) e kōkua me ka hanu ʻana.
• I kekahi manawa hana ʻia kahi wehe ma o ka ʻāʻī i ke alaloa (tracheostomy a i ʻole cricothyrotomy).

Inā pili ka mea keakea i kahi kino haole, e like me kahi ʻāpana o ka meaʻai i hanu ʻia, e hana ana i nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​kaomi ʻana o ka umauma i hiki ke hoʻopakele i ke ola o ke kanaka.

Kūleʻa pinepine ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa koke. Akā weliweli ke kūlana a make paha, ʻoiai ke mālama ʻia.

Inā ʻaʻole hoʻomaha ʻia ka ālai, hiki iā ia ke kumu:

• Poino lolo
• Hoka hanu ʻole
• Make

ʻO ke kahakaha ʻana o ke alanui ākea he manawa pilikia. Kāhea iā 911 a i ʻole ka helu kūloko kūloko no ke kōkua olakino. E hāhai i nā ʻōkuhi pehea e kōkua ai i ka mālama ʻana i ke kanaka a hiki i ke kōkua.

Kū ka pale ʻana i ke kumu o ka ālai ākea o luna.

Hiki i nā ʻano hana ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i kahi ālai.

• ʻAi mālie a nau pono i ka meaʻai.
• Mai inu nui i ka waiʻona ma mua a i ka wā e ʻai ana.
• E mālama i nā mea liʻiliʻi mai nā keiki ʻōpio.
• E nānā pono i nā niho pono.

E aʻo e ʻike i ka hōʻailona ākea no ka hiki ʻole ke hanu ma muli o ke ala ākea i ālai ʻia: hopu i ka ʻāʻī me hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau lima. E aʻo hoʻi pehea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kahi kino haole mai ke ala ea me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hana e like me ka pahu ʻōpū.

Alanui kaʻa kaʻa - luna luna

• Anatomia kuʻi
• Kāpena
• ʻŌnaehana hanu

ʻO Keaukaha BE, Reardon RF. Ka mālama ʻana i ke ala ea maʻamau a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana. I: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, eds. ʻO Roberts a me Hedges 'Nā Kauka Lapaʻau i ka Medicine Emergency a me ka Care Acute. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 3.

ʻO Rose E. Pediatric respiratory respiratory emergency: ʻo ke alalai ākea o luna a me nā maʻi. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 167.

ʻO Thomas SH, Goodloe JM. Nā kino haole. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 53.