Alakaʻi Vaccination no nā mākua: He aha kāu e ʻike ai

Anter

• No ke aha he mea nui e noho i kēia lā i kāu pale ʻana?
• Nā pūpū no nā mākua ma lalo o ka makahiki 50
• Nā pūpū no nā mākua nā makahiki 50 a 65
• Nā papakū no nā mākua ma luna o 65 mau makahiki
• Nā pilikia kūpono o ke kanikau
• ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia kekahi o nā ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai iā ʻoe iho a me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i kou kaiāulu mai nā maʻi hiki ke pale ʻia.

Hoʻohaʻahaʻa nā Vaccination i kāu manawa o ka ʻaelike ʻana i nā maʻi hoʻoweliweli i ke ola, ʻoiai ke kōkua pū nei e hōʻoki i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o kēlā mau maʻi i kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe.

E heluhelu e ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i ke koʻikoʻi o nā lāʻau āpau i nā wā āpau o ke ola a me ka ʻike kikoʻī e pili ana i nā lāʻau āpau āu e pono ai i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

No ke aha he mea nui e noho i kēia lā i kāu pale ʻana?

I kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka United States, hāʻule i ka maʻi nui a koi ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kahi haukapila no nā maʻi i kōkua ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pale.

ʻO ia mau maʻi hiki ke pale ʻia ke kumu o ke kino kīnā o ke ola a i ʻole nā ​​luʻi olakino olakino ʻē aʻe. I kekahi mau hihia, make lākou.

ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻomohala i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi mai kahi maʻi lele, hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoʻoili iā ia i nā lālā kaiāulu nāwaliwali, e komo pū ana me nā pēpē ʻōpio loa e huikau.

Ke hoʻomau nei i kēia lā ma kāu papa hana hoʻoliʻiliʻi hoʻoliʻiliʻi i kou manawa o ka ʻaelike ʻana i nā maʻi hiki ke pale ʻia. Ma ka huli, hiki i kēia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e leʻaleʻa i kahi ola lōʻihi a olakino hoʻi.

Mālama pū kekahi ia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā maʻi lele i nā poʻe a puni ʻoe. Ua kapa ʻia kēia pale ma ke ʻano he “immune herd.”

Hiki i nā hopena pale o nā lāʻau āpau ke hoʻopau me ka manawa, ʻo ia ke kumu e pono ai e lāʻau i nā helu he nui i ka wā makua - ʻoiai inā ua loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kou wā kamaliʻi.

Ma aneʻi, e ʻike ʻoe i kahi papa inoa ākea o nā lāʻau āpau no nā mākua, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e nā makahiki. E ʻike i kāu pae makahiki ma lalo e ʻike i nā lāʻau āpau e pono ai nāu.

Nā pūpū no nā mākua ma lalo o ka makahiki 50

No nā mākua ma lalo o ka makahiki 50, paipai nā mea i kēia mau lāʻau āpau:

• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau influenza kau: 1 mahele i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka flu flu shot i kēlā me kēia makahiki ke ala ʻoi loa e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kou manawa e loaʻa ai ka maʻi palū a me nā pilikia pili. Ma ka laulā, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau influenza inactivated (IIV), vaccine influenza recombinant (RIV), a me ka vaccine influenza live attenuated (LAIV) i manaʻo ʻia he palekana no nā mākua ma lalo o 50.
• Nā lāʻau āpau Tdap a me Td: 1 mahele lāʻau o Tdap i kekahi manawa i ka wā makua, a ukali ʻia e 1 mahele lāʻau o Tdap a i ʻole Td i kēlā me kēia 10 mau makahiki. Pale aku ka lāʻau hoʻomaʻamaʻa Tdap i ka tetanus, diphtheria, a me ka pertussis. Hoʻoemi ka lāʻau Td i ka makaʻu wale o tetanus a me diphtheria. Paipai pū ʻia ʻo Tdap no ka poʻe hāpai, ʻoiai inā ua loaʻa iā lākou kahi lāʻau o Tdap a i ʻole Td i loko o 10 mau makahiki i hala.

Inā ʻoe i hānau ʻia ma 1980 a i ʻole, e paipai paha kāu kauka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau varicella. Pale ia i ka paukū, i ka poʻe i loaʻa ʻole ka pale o ka maʻi.

E ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e kiʻi i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o nā lāʻau āpau inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i loaʻa iā lākou ma mua:

• Lāʻau lapaʻau MMR, ka mea e pale aku ai i ka maʻi ʻula, nā puʻupuʻu, a me ka rubella
• Lāʻau lapaʻau HPV, ka mea pale i ka papillomavirus kanaka

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau kūlana olakino a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe no nā maʻi āpau, hiki i kāu kauka ke koi aku i ka lāʻau lapaʻau herpes zoster, lāʻau ākea pneumococcal, a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

Hiki i kekahi olakino olakino a me nā lāʻau ke hoʻololi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono iā ʻoe.

Inā noho ʻoe me kahi kūlana olakino a lawe paha i kahi lāʻau e hoʻopili i kāu ʻōnaehana pale, he mea nui ia e noho i kēia lā i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pale ai iā ʻoe mai nā maʻi hiki ke pale ʻia.

Hiki paha i kāu mau huakaʻi huakaʻi ke hoʻololi i nā ʻōlelo a ka lāʻau lapaʻau a kāu kauka.

Nā pūpū no nā mākua nā makahiki 50 a 65

Kūkākūkā ka mea i ka nui o nā mākua ma waena o nā makahiki 50 a 65 mau makahiki e loaʻa i ka:

• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau influenza kau: 1 mahele i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka "flu flu" i kēlā me kēia makahiki e kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i kou makaʻi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi palū a me nā pōpilikia e hoʻoweliweli aku ana i ke ola, e like me ka maʻi pauma Kūkā ʻia nā mākua nona nā makahiki he 50 a ʻoi e loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau influenza inactivated (IAV) a i ʻole recombinant influenza vaccine (RIV) wale nō, ʻaʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau ola.
• Nā lāʻau āpau Tdap a me Td: 1 mahele lāʻau o Tdap i kekahi manawa i ka wā makua, a ukali ʻia e 1 mahele lāʻau o Tdap a i ʻole Td i kēlā me kēia 10 mau makahiki. Hāʻawi ka lāʻau lapaʻau Tdap i ka pale no ka tetanus, diphtheria, a me ka pertussis (ʻo ka maʻi hepe), ʻoiai ʻo ka lāʻau Tdap wale nō e pale aku i ka tetanus a me ka diphtheria.
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau herpes zoster: 2 mau lā o ka lāʻau make recombinant a i ʻole 1 ka hopena o ka lāʻau ola. ʻO kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kou manawa e loaʻa ai nā shingles. ʻO ke ʻano o ke koʻokoʻo makemake ʻia e pili ana i 2 mau lāʻau o ka recampinant zoster vaccine (RZV, Shingrix) ma kahi o 2 a 6 mau mahina, ma mua o 1 mahele o ka lāʻau ola zoster ola (ZVL, Zostavax).

Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i makaʻi ʻia i ka maʻi ʻula, nā puʻupuʻu, a me ka rubella (MMR), e paipai paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e kiʻi i ka lāʻau MMR.

I kekahi mau hihia, ʻo kāu mōʻaukala olakino, nā hoʻolālā huakaʻi, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano ʻano nohona ʻē aʻe i alakaʻi i kāu kauka e paipai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau pneumococcal a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe pū kekahi.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i ke ʻano olakino a i ʻole lawe i kahi lāʻau e hoʻopili ai i kāu ʻōnaehana pale, loaʻa paha i kāu kauka nā ʻōlelo ʻokoʻa e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa nāu. He mea nui ia e noho a hiki i kēia lā no nā lāʻau āpau āu e pono ai inā pilikia kāu ʻōnaehana pale.

Nā papakū no nā mākua ma luna o 65 mau makahiki

Paipai ka mea i nā lāʻau āpau no nā mākua ma luna o ka makahiki 65:

• Ka lāʻau hoʻomaʻi influenza kau. Hoʻoiho ka maʻi palū makahiki i kou makaʻu i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi palū, a he kumu ia e hoʻoweliweli i ke ola, keu hoʻi i nā ʻelemākule. Hiki i nā mākua ʻelemakule ke loaʻa ka, a hāʻawi paha i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi flu ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau influenza inactivated maʻamau (IAV) a i ʻole vaccine influenza recombinant (RIV). ʻAʻole koi ʻia ka lāʻau ola.
• Nā lāʻau āpau Tdap a me Td: 1 mahele lāʻau o Tdap i kekahi manawa i ka wā makua, a ukali ʻia e 1 mahele lāʻau o Tdap a i ʻole Td i kēlā me kēia 10 mau makahiki. ʻO ka lāʻau Tdap e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kou manawa e loaʻa ai ka tetanus, diphtheria, a me ka pertussis (ka maʻi kō), ʻoiai ʻo ka lāʻau Tdap e hoʻoliʻiliʻi wale i kou makaʻi o tetanus a diphtheria
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau herpes zoster: ʻo 2 mau lāʻau o ka lāʻau make recombinant a i ʻole 1 mahele o ka lāʻau ola. Hāʻawi kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka pale ʻana i nā shingles. ʻO ka papa hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa makemake ʻia e pili ana i 2 mau lāʻau o ka vampine zoster recombinant (RZV, Shingrix) ma mua o 2 a 6 mau mahina, ma mua o 1 mahele o ka lāʻau ola zoster ola (ZVL, Zostavax).
• Pākuʻi pneumococcal: 1 mahele lāʻau. Hāʻawi kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi pneumococcal, me ka maʻi ponia. Kūkā ʻia ka hapa nui o nā mākua he 65 a ʻoi paha ka makahiki i ka lāʻau vaccine pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPSV23), ma mua o ka lāʻau koʻokoʻo pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13).

Ma muli o kāu moʻaukala olakino, nā hoʻolālā huakaʻi, a me nā kumu ola ʻē aʻe, e ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka i nā ʻōpala ʻē aʻe pū kekahi.

Hiki i kekahi ʻano olakino a me nā lāʻau ke hoʻopili i ka ʻōnaehana pale. Hiki paha ke loli i nā ʻōlelo ʻōlohelohe no nā poʻe i hōʻemi ʻia nā ʻōnaehana pale. I mea e pale aku ai i nā maʻi i hiki ke pale ʻia, he mea nui ia no nā mākuaʻelemakule e noho a hiki i kēia lā no nā lāʻau āpau i koi ʻia.

Nā pilikia kūpono o ke kanikau

No ka hapanui o ka poʻe, haʻahaʻa loa ka makaʻu i nā hopena ʻino mai ka pale ʻana.

ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe e hiki ke loaʻa mai nā lāʻau āpau.

• ʻeha, palupalu, pehu, a me ka ʻulaʻula ma ka pūnaewele injection
• ʻeha nā hono a ʻeha hoʻi ke kino
• ʻeha poʻo
• luhi
• nausea
• pāhoehoe
• ka luaʻi
• wela wela
• haʻalulu
• hūwī

He mea liʻiliʻi loa, hiki i nā lāʻau āpau ke hoʻonāukiuki i kahi hopena alerika koʻikoʻi a i ʻole nā ​​hopena ʻē aʻe koʻikoʻi.

Inā ua ʻike ʻoe i ka hopena o ka maʻi āpau i nā lāʻau i ka wā i hala, he mau ʻano olakino kāu, a he hāpai paha ʻoe, e ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe ʻaʻole e loaʻa i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.

Inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau e hoʻopili i kāu ʻōnaehana pale, hiki i kāu kauka ke aʻoaʻo iā ʻoe e hoʻomaha a hoʻomaʻa paha i kāu regimen lāʻau ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau.

E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e aʻo ai i nā lāʻau āpau e palekana iā ʻoe.

ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

I mea e pale aku ai iā ʻoe iho, i kāu poʻe i aloha ai, a me kou kaiāulu ākea mai nā maʻi hiki ke pale ʻia, he mea nui ia e noho mau i kāu lā i hōʻola ʻia.

E aʻo ai i nā ʻōpala āu e loaʻa ai, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka. ʻO kou mau makahiki, ka mōʻaukala olakino, a me kou nohona e kōkua iā lākou e hoʻoholo i nā wailana a lākou e koi ai iā ʻoe.

E hoʻomaopopo pū ʻoe i kāu kauka inā ke hoʻolālā nei ʻoe e huakaʻi - a nīnau iā lākou inā aia kekahi lāʻau āpau e loaʻa iā ʻoe ma mua. ʻO kekahi mau maʻi maʻi lele i maʻa mau i kekahi mau wahi o ka honua ma mua o nā wahi ʻē aʻe.