Nā Pahu: he aha ia, nā ʻano a me nā mea no lākou

Anter

• Nā ʻano lāʻau āpau
• Pehea e hana ai i nā lāʻau āpau
• Papa 1
• Papa 2
• Kau 3:
• Papa kuhikuhi vaccine National
• 1. ʻO nā pēpē a hiki i 9 mau mahina
• 2. Nā keiki ma waena o 1 a me 9 mau makahiki
• 
  3. Nā mākua a me nā keiki mai ka 10 mau makahiki
• ʻO nā nīnau maʻamau e pili ana i nā lāʻau āpau
• 1. E mau anei ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ola holoʻokoʻa?
• 2. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻohana i ka hāpai keiki?
• 3. Hoʻonawaliwali nā lāʻau i nā lāʻau?
• 4. Hiki i nā wahine hānai waiū ke loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau?
• 5. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa aku i hoʻokahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa like?
• 6. He aha nā lāʻau āpau i hoʻohui ʻia?

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau nā mea i hana ʻia i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua nona ka hana nui e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ʻōnaehana kūʻē e kūʻē i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, no ka mea hoʻonāukiuki lākou i ka hana ʻana o nā mea pale, ʻo ia nā mea i hana ʻia e ke kino e hakakā i nā microorganism e hoʻouka nei. No laila, hoʻomohala ke kino i nā mea pale ma mua o ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka microorganism, e waiho mākaukau ana e hana wikiwiki ke hiki mai kēia.

ʻOiai ʻo ka hapanui o nā lāʻau āpau e pono e lawelawe ʻia e ka injection, aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i hiki ke lawe ʻia ma ka waha, e like me ka hihia me OPV, ʻo ia ka lāʻau lapaʻau polio waha.

Ma waho o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ke kino e pane i kahi maʻi, hoʻoliʻiliʻi hoʻi ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻana i ka ikaika o nā ʻōuli a pale i nā poʻe āpau i ke kaiāulu, no ka mea, hoʻoliʻiliʻi ia i ka hopena o ka lawe ʻana i ka maʻi. E nānā i nā kumu maikaʻi he 6 e wī ai a mālama i ka puke i kēia lā.

Nā ʻano lāʻau āpau

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻelua ʻano nui, kaukaʻi ʻia i kā lākou haku ʻana:

• Attenuated microorganism vaccine: ke microorganism kuleana no ka maʻi ma lalo o ke kaʻina o nā kaʻina hana i ka hale hana e hoʻemi i kāna hana. No laila, ke lawelawe ʻia kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻonāukiuki ʻia kahi pane pale ʻole e kūʻē i kēia microorganism, akā ʻaʻohe ulu o ka maʻi, ʻoiai ua nāwaliwali ka microorganism. ʻO nā laʻana o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo ia nō ʻo BCG vaccine, triple viral and chickenpox;
• Nā maʻi āpau o nā microorganism i hana ʻole a make paha: Loaʻa iā lākou nā microorganism, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana o kēlā mau microorganism, ʻaʻole ola e hoʻonāukiuki nei i ka pane o ke kino, e like me ka hihia o ka lāʻau hepatitis a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau meningococcal.

Mai ka manawa e lawelawe ʻia ai ka lāʻau āpau, hana pololei ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea i ka microorganism, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana, e paipai ana i ka hana ʻana o nā mea ʻino kikoʻī. Inā pili ke kanaka me ka maʻi infectious i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ua hiki i ka ʻōnaehana pale pale ke hakakā a pale i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi.

Pehea e hana ai i nā lāʻau āpau

ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā lāʻau āpau a loaʻa iā lākou i ka heluna lehulehu āpau kahi hana paʻakikī e pili ana i nā kaʻina o nā kaupae, ʻo ia ke kumu e hiki ai i ka hana ʻana o nā lāʻau i waena o nā mahina a i kekahi mau makahiki.

ʻO nā pae nui o ke kaʻina hana vaccine:

Papa 1

Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻokolohua a hoʻāʻo ʻia me nā ʻāpana o ka poʻe i make, hana ʻole ʻia a hoʻoneʻe ʻia paha ka microorganism a i ʻole mea maʻi infectious i kahi poʻe liʻiliʻi, a laila ʻike ʻia ka hopena o ke kino ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana o ka lāʻau āpau a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

ʻO kēia pae mua he awelika o 2 mau makahiki a inā loaʻa nā hopena kūpono, neʻe ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka pae 2.

Papa 2

Hoʻomaka ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka lāʻau āpau i ka nui o ka poʻe, e laʻa me 1000 mau kānaka, a ma waho o ka nānā ʻana i ka hopena o kou kino a me nā hopena e kū nei, hoʻāʻo mākou e ʻike inā maikaʻi nā mahele like ʻole i mea e loaʻa ai ka kūpono kūpono, i loaʻa nā hopena ʻino liʻiliʻi, akā hiki ke pale aku i nā poʻe āpau, ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

Kau 3:

Ke kuhi nei ua kūleʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau like a hiki i ka pae 2, neʻe ia i ke kolu o ka pae, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻopili ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka nui o ka poʻe, e laʻa me 5000, a e nānā ana inā pale maoli ʻia lākou a ʻaʻole paha.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka pae hope loa o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, he mea nui e lawe ke kanaka i nā ʻano hoʻomalu like e pili ana i ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻohaumia ʻia e ka mea maʻi infectious i kuleana no ka maʻi i nīnau ʻia. No laila, inā kūʻē ka lāʻau hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻāʻo i ka HIV, no ka laʻana, he mea nui e hoʻomau ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kanaka i nā condom a hōʻole i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā nila.

Papa kuhikuhi vaccine National

Aia kekahi mau lāʻau āpau i ʻāpana o ka papa hana lāʻau āpau āpau, i lawelawe ʻia me ka uku ʻole ʻia, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hiki ke lawelawe ʻia ma ke kauka lapaʻau a i ʻole inā e huakaʻi ke kanaka i nā wahi kahi e ʻike ʻia ka maʻi maʻi.

ʻO nā pūpū i ʻāpana o ka papa hana lāʻau āpau āpau a hiki ke lawelawe ʻia me ka uku ʻole pū ʻia:

1. ʻO nā pēpē a hiki i 9 mau mahina

I nā pēpē a hiki i 9 mau makahiki o ka makahiki, ʻo nā lāʻau āpau nui i ka papa hoʻōla kino:

2. Nā keiki ma waena o 1 a me 9 mau makahiki

I nā keiki ma waena o 1 a me 9 mau makahiki, ʻo nā lāʻau āpau nui i hōʻike ʻia i loko o ka papahana hoʻāla.

3. Nā mākua a me nā keiki mai ka 10 mau makahiki

I ka poʻe ʻōpio, nā mākua, nā ʻelemākule a me nā wahine hāpai, hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke ʻole i ukali ʻia ka hoʻolālā hoʻōla ma ke ʻano kamaliʻi. No laila, ʻo nā lāʻau āpau nui i hōʻike ʻia i kēia wā:

E nānā i ka wikiō e hiki mai ana a hoʻomaopopo i ke kumu o ka waiwai nui o ka lāʻau ʻana.

ʻO nā nīnau maʻamau e pili ana i nā lāʻau āpau

1. E mau anei ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ola holoʻokoʻa?

I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻomau ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka immunological i ke ola holoʻokoʻa, akā naʻe, i kekahi, pono e hoʻoikaika i ka lāʻau āpau, e like me ka maʻi meningococcal, diphtheria a i ʻole tetanus, no ka laʻana.

He mea nui ia e ʻike he lohi ka manawa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, no laila inā hele a maʻi ke kanaka ma hope koke o ka lawe ʻana, ʻaʻole maikaʻi paha ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻomohala paha ke kanaka i ka maʻi.

2. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻohana i ka hāpai keiki?

ʻAe. ʻOiai he hui pilikia lākou, pono i nā wahine hāpai i nā lāʻau āpau, e like me ka lāʻau koʻokoʻo flu, hepatitis B, diphtheria, tetanus a me nā batakō, i hoʻohana ʻia no ka pale ʻana i ka wahine hāpai a me ka pēpē. Pono e loiloi i ka lawelawe ʻana o nā lāʻau āpau ʻē aʻe ma kēlā me kēia hihia a kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka. E ʻike i nā lāʻau āpau i hōʻike ʻia i ka wā hāpai.

3. Hoʻonawaliwali nā lāʻau i nā lāʻau?

ʻAʻole. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ka poʻe i hala ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi lāʻau āpau ma muli o ka makaʻu i ka nila, no ka mea ʻike lākou i ka ʻeha a me ka weliweli.

4. Hiki i nā wahine hānai waiū ke loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻAe. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā koʻohuna i nā wahine lactating, i mea e pale aku ai i ka lawe ʻana o nā maʻi a me nā koʻohune i ka pēpē, akā he mea nui ka alakaʻi o ka wahine i ke kauka. ʻO nā lāʻau āpau wale nō i hōʻino ʻia no nā wahine e hānai ana i ka hānai melemele a me ka dengue.

5. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa aku i hoʻokahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa like?

ʻAe. ʻO ka lawelawe ʻana i nā lāʻau āpau ma mua o hoʻokahi i ka manawa like ʻaʻole ia e hōʻeha i kou olakino.

6. He aha nā lāʻau āpau i hoʻohui ʻia?

ʻO nā lāʻau āpau hoʻohui ʻia nā mea e pale i ke kanaka mai nā maʻi ʻoi aku i ka hoʻokahi a kahi e pono ai ka lawelawe ʻana o hoʻokahi injection wale nō, e like me ka hihia o ka triple viral, tetraviral a i ʻole ka bacteria penta, no ka laʻana.