He aha ka maʻi kō, nā ʻano, nā ʻōuli a me nā lāʻau

Anter

• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau
• He mea hoʻōla kā Tuberculosis
• Nā hōʻailona nui o ka maʻi kō
• Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi
• Ka lawe ʻana i ka maʻi kō

ʻO ka maʻi puʻupuʻu he maʻi lele ia e Mycobacterium tuberculosis, kaulana kaulana ʻia ʻo Koch's bacillus, i komo i loko o ke kino ma o nā ala kiʻekiʻe o luna a me nā wahi i loko o ka māmā a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e hōʻike ana i ka tuberculosis extrapulmonary.

No laila, ke hilinaʻi nei i kahi o ka maʻi bacteria, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka tuberculosis i:

• Pulmonary Tuberculosis: ʻO ia ka maʻa maʻamau o ka maʻi a kū ma muli o ke komo ʻana o ka bacillus i ka wahi hanu luna a me ka noho ʻana i nā akemāmā. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia ʻano tuberculosis e ka mū maloo a mau me ka ʻole a me ke koko ʻole, ʻo ka puʻu ke ʻano nui o ka lele ʻana, ʻoiai ʻo nā kulu o ka lawai i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma o ka ʻūhā i loaʻa iā Koch's bacilli, i hiki ke maʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
• Puʻu Miliary: ʻO ia kekahi o nā ʻano koʻikoʻi loa o ka tuberculosis a kū i ka wā e komo ai ka bacillus i ke kahe o ke koko a hiki i nā kino āpau, me ka makaʻu o ka meningitis. Ma waho aʻe o ka hopena o ka hanu e hoʻopilikia nui ʻia, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia kekahi o nā mea ʻē aʻe.
• Puʻukū iwi: ʻOiai ʻaʻole maʻamau loa, hiki ke hiki i ka bacillus ke komo a ulu i nā iwi, kahi e hōʻeha ai i ka ʻeha a me ka mumū, ʻaʻole i ʻike pinepine ʻia e like me ka tuberculosis;
• Maʻi ʻaʻai Ganglionic: Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ke komo ʻana o ka bacillus i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic, a hiki ke hoʻopili i ka ganglia o ka umauma, ʻūhā, ʻōpū a i ʻole, ʻo ka ʻāʻī pinepine. ʻAʻohe maʻi lele kēia ʻano tuberculosis extrapulmonary a hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia ke mālama pono ʻia. Hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o ka ganglion tuberculosis, nā ʻōuli, ka maʻi lele a me ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana.
• Pleural tuberculosis: Hana ʻia i ka hopena o ka bacillus i ka pleura, nā mea i kū i nā akemāmā, e pilikia nui ana i ka hanu ʻana. ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa kēia ʻano tuberculosis extrapulmonary tuberculosis, akā hiki ke kiʻi ʻia i ka wā e launa pū ana me kahi kanaka me ka maʻi puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu a i ʻole ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi pulmonary tuberculosis.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

Manuahi ka lapaʻau ʻana no ka maʻi puʻupuʻu, no laila inā manaʻo kekahi kanaka he maʻi kona, e hele koke ʻo ia i ka haukapila a i ʻole ke keʻena olakino. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā lāʻau tuberculostatic ma kahi o 6 mau mahina i ka lālani a i ʻole e like me ke alakaʻi a ka pulmonologist. Ma ka laulaha, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hōʻike ʻia no ka tuberculosis ka hui pū ʻana o Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide a me Ethambutol.

I nā lā 15 mua o ka mālama ʻana, pono e kaʻawale ke kanaka, ʻoiai hiki iā ia ke hoʻoili i ka tuberculosis bacillus i kekahi mau poʻe ʻē aʻe. Ma hope o kēlā manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i kāu hana maʻamau a hoʻomau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau. Hoʻomaopopo i ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi puʻupuʻu.

He mea hoʻōla kā Tuberculosis

Hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia ʻo Tuberculosis ke hana pololei ʻia ka lāʻau e like me nā ʻōlelo a ke kauka. ʻO ka manawa lapaʻau ma kahi o 6 mau mahina ma hope, ʻo ia hoʻi inā e nalo nā ʻōuli i 1 pule, pono e hoʻomau ke kanaka i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau a hiki i ka piha ʻana o 6 mau mahina. Inā ʻaʻole hiki kēia, malia paha ʻaʻole e hemo ka tuberculosis bacillus mai ke kino a ʻaʻole e hoʻōla ʻia ka maʻi, a eia pū, aia nō paha ke kūpaʻa bacteria, a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana.

Nā hōʻailona nui o ka maʻi kō

ʻO nā ʻōuli nui o ka tuberculosis pulmonary ka maloʻo a hoʻomau mau me ka ʻole o ke koko, ka pohō kaumaha, ka nele o ka makemake a me ka pilikia o ka hanu. I ke kumu o ka tuberculosis extrapulmonary, malia paha e lilo ka makemake, ka moe ʻana, ka hou o ka pō a me ke kuni. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli ma kahi i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ai ka bacillus. E ʻike he aha nā hōʻailona nui 6 o ka maʻi kō.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi

Hiki ke hana ʻia ke kuʻina o ka tuberculosis pulmonary e ka hana ʻana i kahi x-ray umauma a me ka nānā ʻana i ka sputum me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka tuberculosis bacillus, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo BAAR (Alkohol-Acid Resistant Bacillus). No ke kuhi ʻana i ka tuberculosis extrapulmonary, paipai ʻia ka lāʻau biopsy o nā mea i hoʻopili ʻia. Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo ʻili tuberculin, a ʻike ʻia hoʻi me ka hoʻāʻo ʻili tuberculin. Mantoux aiʻole PPD, kahi maikaʻi ʻole ma 1/3 o nā mea maʻi. Hoʻomaopopo pehea e hana ai ʻo PPD.

Ka lawe ʻana i ka maʻi kō

Hiki ke lawe ʻia o ka maʻi puʻupuʻu ma o ka lewa, mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi kanaka ma o ka hanu ʻana i nā droplets maʻi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma o ka puʻu ʻana, ka ʻū ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo ʻana. Hiki ke hana i ka lawe ʻana inā pili ka pulmonary a i 15 mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lapaʻau.

ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa kahi ʻōnaehana pale pale e ka maʻi a i ʻole ma muli o ka makahiki, nā mea puhi a / a i ʻole hoʻohana i nā lāʻau i loaʻa pinepine i ka tuberculosis bacillus a hoʻomohala i ka maʻi.

ʻO ke kāohi ʻana i nā ʻano kūpikipiki loa o ka tuberculosis hiki ke hana ʻia ma o ka BCG vaccine i ka wā kamaliʻi. Hoʻohui ʻia, paipai ʻia e hōʻalo i nā wahi pani, maikaʻi ʻole o ka makani me ka liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻohe puka o ka lā, akā he mea nui ia e kaawale aku mai ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia me ka maʻi puʻupuʻu. E ʻike pehea e lawe ai i ka maʻi puʻupuʻu a pehea e pale aku ai iā ia.