ʻO nā kaʻi wahaheʻe HIV

Anter

• He aha ka maʻi HIV?
• Ka lawe ʻana ma o nā kahe o ke kino
• ʻO ka anatomy o ka lawe ʻana
• Palekana nā waihona koko a me nā makana okana
• Palekana ka pilina maʻamau a me ka honi ʻana
• Nā kaʻao pili i ka lawe ʻana: nahu, wili ʻana, a kuha ana
• Nā koho sex palekana
• Mau nila kuikui
• Kipaku ka aʻo i nā kaʻao a me nā stigmas

He aha ka maʻi HIV?

ʻO ka maʻi hoʻomaʻemaʻe kanaka (HIV) he maʻi lele ia e hoʻouka i ka ʻōnaehana pale. Hiki i ke HIV ke loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi (AIDS), kahi hōʻailona o ka maʻi HIV hope loa e hoʻonāwaliwali loa i ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea a hiki ke make, inā haʻalele ʻole ʻia.

Hiki i kekahi kanaka ke hoʻouna i ka maʻi HIV i kekahi ma lalo o kekahi mau ʻano. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ʻoiaʻiʻo ma mua o ka manaʻoʻiʻo ʻole i nā kaʻao e pili ana i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV hiki ke pale aku i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka ʻike hewa a me ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV.

Ka lawe ʻana ma o nā kahe o ke kino

E hoʻoili ʻia ka maʻi HIV ma o nā wai o ke kino i hiki ke komo i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi HIV. ʻO kēia mau wai e pili ana i ke koko, ka semen, nā huakea a me nā rectal, a me ka waiū o ka umauma.

Lawe ʻia ka maʻi HIV ke loaʻa nā wai mai ke kanaka i hiki ke ana ʻia o nā maʻi i loko o ko lākou kino (HIV-positive) e hele pololei i ke kahe o ke koko a i ʻole ma o nā membrane mucous, ʻoki, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha hāmama o ke kanaka me ka ʻole o ka maʻi HIV (HIV-maikaʻi ʻole)

Hiki i nā wai amniotic a me nā spinal spinal fluids ke komo i loko o ka maʻi HIV a hiki ke hoʻokau i kahi pilikia i nā limahana olakino e hōʻike ʻia iā lākou. ʻAʻole hiki i nā wai ʻē aʻe e like me nā waimaka a me nā lawai, ke hoʻolaha aku i ka maʻi.

ʻO ka anatomy o ka lawe ʻana

Hiki ke hana i ka maʻi HIV i ka manawa o ka moekolohe. Loaʻa ka hopohopo o ka moekolohe a me ka moekolohe anal i ka maʻi HIV, inā hōʻike ʻia. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hihia o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV ma o ka moekolohe waha, akā manaʻo ʻia ʻia he kākaʻikahi loa ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka lawe ʻana i ka wā o ka moekolohe.

Mālama ka wahine anal i ka makaʻu kiʻekiʻe loa o ka lawe ma waena o ka moekolohe. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kahe ʻana i ka manawa o ka moekolohe ma muli o nā nāwaliwali nāwaliwali e kau ana i ka anus a me ka canal anal. ʻAe kēia i ka maʻi e komo maʻalahi i ke kino ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe, no ka mea he microscopic ka haʻihaʻi o ka mucosa anal.

Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka HIV mai ka wahine i ke keiki i ka wā hāpai, hānau, a ma o ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū.ʻO kēlā me kēia hanana i kahi e hōʻike pololei ʻia ai ke koko o ke kanaka e noho nei me ka maʻi HIV a loaʻa iā ia kahi mea viral a ʻike ʻia a hiki ke ana ʻia paha he mea weliweli ia. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā nila no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau hoʻōla a i ʻole ke kiʻi ʻana i ka peʻa me nā mea hana haumia. Pale aku nā lula palekana i ka maʻi pili i ke koko.

Palekana nā waihona koko a me nā makana okana

ʻO ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻana i ka maʻi HIV mai ke kōpili ʻana o ke koko, nā huahana koko ʻē aʻe, a i ʻole nā ​​mana o nā mea ʻokō he mea laha ʻole ia ma United States. ua hoʻomaka i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā koko i hāʻawi ʻia no ka maʻi HIV i ka makahiki 1985, ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana o nā limahana olakino he hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ke koko i kumu no ka maʻi HIV. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hoʻokolohua i ʻoi aku ka sophisticated i nā makahiki 1990 e hōʻoia hou i ka palekana o ke koko i hāʻawi ʻia. Lawe ʻia nā makana koko e hoʻāʻo nei i ka maikaʻi no ka maʻi HIV a ʻaʻole komo i loko o ka lako o ke koko U.S. ʻO ka makaʻu no ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV i ka wā o ke kōkuʻi koko e manaʻo ʻia he conservative ia, e like me nā Centers for Disease Control and Prevent (CDC).

Palekana ka pilina maʻamau a me ka honi ʻana

ʻAʻohe pono e makaʻu i ka honi ʻana a i ʻole ka launa maʻamau ʻana me kekahi mea e noho nei me ka maʻi HIV ke lawe i ka maʻi HIV. ʻAʻole ola ka maʻi ma ka ʻili a hiki ʻole ke noho lōʻihi ma waho o ke kino. No laila, ʻo ka launa maʻamau, e like me ka paʻa ʻana o nā lima, ka paʻa ʻana, a i ʻole ka noho ʻana ma kahi o kekahi e noho nei me ka maʻi HIV, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoili i ka maʻi.

ʻAʻole hoʻoweliweli pū kekahi ka honi waha ʻO ka honi ʻana me ka waha hāmama ka hiki ke lilo i mea weliweli ke pili ia i ke koko e ʻike ʻia, e like me ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe o ke kahe a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha waha. Eia nō naʻe, kākaʻikahi loa kēia. ʻAʻole lawe ʻo Saliva i ka maʻi HIV.

Nā kaʻao pili i ka lawe ʻana: nahu, wili ʻana, a kuha ana

ʻAʻole nā ​​ʻae a me ka kuha i nā ʻano hoʻoili no ka maʻi HIV. ʻAʻole hiki i kahi ʻōpala ke alakaʻi i kahi hoʻololi o nā wai o ke kino. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mīkina lima ke kōkua ke kahakaha ʻana i ke koko e pale aku i ka lawe ʻana inā loaʻa kū hewa i ke koko maʻi. ʻAʻole hiki i ka nahu naha i ka ʻili ke hoʻoili i ka maʻi HIV. Eia nō naʻe, kahi nahu e wehe i ka ʻili a hiki i ke kahe ʻana ke hiki - ʻoiai he kakaikahi loa nā hihia o ka nahu kanaka e hiki ai ke lawa ka trauma i ka ʻili e lawe i ka maʻi HIV.

Nā koho sex palekana

Hiki iā ʻoe ke pale iā ʻoe iho mai ka maʻi HIV ma o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā ʻano hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka condom a me ka lawe ʻana i ka prophylaxis (PrEP) ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻana.

E hoʻohana i kahi condom hou i kēlā me kēia manawa loaʻa iā ʻoe he moekolohe, waha, a anal paha. E hoʻomanaʻo e hoʻohana i nā lubricants i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka wai a i ʻole silicon me nā condom. Hiki i nā huahana kumu ʻaila ke wāwahi i ka hopena, e hoʻonui ana i ka makaʻu o ka pale condom.

ʻO ka prophylaxis pre-exposed (PrEP) kahi lāʻau i kēlā me kēia lā i hiki i kahi kanaka HIV-maikaʻi ʻole ke lawe e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ko lākou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi HIV. Wahi a ka CDC, hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka PrEP i kēlā me kēia lā ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka makaʻu o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi HIV ma o ka moekolohe

Pili pū ka wahine ʻoi aku ka palekana i ka mālama ʻana i nā laina ākea me kāu hoa. Kūkākūkā i nā pilikia e pili ana i ka moekolohe condomless, a kaʻana like i kāu kūlana HIV me kāu kāne moekolohe. Inā lawe kahi hoa e noho nei me HIV i ka lāʻau antiretroviral, ke hiki a lākou i kahi viral viral undetectable ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke lawe i ka maʻi HIV. Pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia kahi hoa HIV-maikaʻi ʻole no ka maʻi HIV a me nā maʻi ʻino ʻē aʻe i lawe ʻia e ka wahine.

Mau nila kuikui

ʻO nā nila kele no ka hoʻohana lāʻau ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​kūpeʻe hiki ke lilo i kumu no ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV. Hāʻawi nā kaiāulu he nui i nā polokalamu kuʻina nila e hāʻawi i nā nila maʻemaʻe e hōʻemi i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ka maʻi hepitis C.

Kipaku ka aʻo i nā kaʻao a me nā stigmas

I ka wā i puka mua ai ka maʻi HIV, ʻo ka noho ʻana me HIV kahi hoʻopaʻi make i hāpai i ka stigma pili kaiaulu. Ua aʻo nui nā kānaka noiʻi i ka lawe ʻana a hoʻomohala i nā lāʻau e ʻae ai i nā poʻe he nui i loaʻa i ke ola lōʻihi a me ka hana ʻana e hoʻopau i nā pilikia o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV i ka wā o ka moekolohe.

I kēia lā, ʻo ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi HIV a me ke kipaku ʻana i nā kaʻao e pili ana i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ke HIV nā ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻopau ai i ka stigma pili kaiaulu e pili pū ana me ka noho ʻana me ka maʻi HIV.

E heluhelu i kēia ʻatikala ma ka Paniolo.