He aha e ʻike ai e pili ana i ka maʻi maʻi ʻehā

Anter

• He aha ka maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi 4?
• He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi 4?
• He aha nā pilikia mai ka maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi 4?
• He aha nā koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi pae 4?
• Nānā a mālama ʻana
• Hoʻolohi i ka holomua
• Ke hoʻoholo nei i nā kaʻina hou
• ʻO ka papaʻai maʻi maʻi kidney 4 pae
• Hoʻololi ka nohona 4 maʻi maʻi ʻōpala
• He aha ka wānana no ka maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi pae 4?
• Nā lawe lawe kī

Aia he 5 pae o ka maʻi maʻi kō. I ka pae 4, loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻino koʻikoʻi, hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia i nā puʻupaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, aia nā ʻanuʻu hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kēia manawa e lohi a pale i ka holomua i ka holo pono ʻole ʻana o ka hakuʻala.

E hoʻomau i ka heluhelu i kā mākou mākaʻikaʻi ʻana:

• pae maʻi ʻōiwi 4
• pehea e mālama ʻia ai
• he aha kāu e hana ai e mālama i kou olakino

He aha ka maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi 4?

ʻO ka pae 1 a me ka pae 2 i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka hopena o ka maʻi kidney maʻi mua. ʻAʻole hana nā puʻupaʻa ma 100 pākēneka, akā hana maikaʻi nō naʻe lākou i loaʻa ʻole iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona.

Ma ka pae 3, ua eo ʻoe ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka hana hakuʻala, i hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi 4, ʻo ia hoʻi ua ʻike kou mau puʻupaʻa i ka hōʻino nui. Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi helu kānana glomerular, a i ʻole GFR, o 15-29 ml / min. ʻO ia ka nui o ke koko i hiki i kou puʻupaʻa ke kānana i kēlā me kēia minuke.

Hoʻoholo ʻia ʻo GFR e ke ana ʻana i ka nui o nā creatinine, kahi huahana neoneo, i loko o kou koko. Lawe pū ke kumumanaʻo i ka makahiki, ka wahine, ka lāhui, a me ka nui o ke kino i ka helu. Ke holo nei nā puʻupaʻa ma 15-29 pakeneka o ka maʻamau.

ʻAʻole pololei paha ʻo GFR i kekahi mau kūlana, e like me inā ʻoe:

• hāpai keiki
• kaumaha loa
• muscular loa
• loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka pae:

• nā hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko e ʻimi i nā huahana neoneo ʻē aʻe
• glucose koko
• hoʻāʻo mimi e nānā i ke alo o ke koko a i ʻole protein
• kaomi koko
• nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi e nānā i ke ʻano o nā puʻupaʻa

ʻO ke kahua 4 ka pae hope loa ma mua o ka holo pono ʻole ʻana o ke kīkī, a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi 5 pae.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi 4?

I ka pae 4, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōuli:

• paʻa wai
• luhi
• ʻeha ʻeha o lalo
• pilikia pilikia hiamoe
• hoʻonui i ka urination a me ka mimi i ʻikea ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele paha

He aha nā pilikia mai ka maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi 4?

Hiki i nā pilikia mai ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai ke komo pū:

• pehu o nā lima a me nā wāwae (edema)
• ke koko kiʻekiʻe (hypertension)
• loli i loko o ka akemāmā (edema pulmonary)

Inā kiʻekiʻe loa kāu mau potassium (hyperkalemia), hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili i ka hiki i ka puʻuwai ke hana.

ʻO nā pilikia kūpono ʻē aʻe e pili pū me:

• nā pilikia o ka naʻau a me ke koko (cardiovascular)
• ka hoʻowahāwahā o ka membrane a puni kou puʻuwai (pericardium)
• kolesterol kiʻekiʻe
• helu ʻulaʻula koko ʻulaʻula (anemia)
• hana maikaʻi ʻole
• iwi nawaliwali
• ka hana erectile, hoʻemi i ka momona, hoʻoliʻiliʻi sex haʻahaʻa
• hoʻololi paʻakikī ka hopu ʻana, ka hopu ʻana, a me nā ʻano pilikino ma muli o ka hōʻino ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana waena
• nāwaliwali i ka maʻi ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o ka pane immune

Inā hāpai ʻoe, hiki i ka maʻi puʻupaʻa ke hoʻonui i nā makaʻu iā ʻoe a me kāu pēpē.

He aha nā koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi pae 4?

Nānā a mālama ʻana

I ka maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi 4, ʻike pinepine ʻoe i kāu kauka kōkō (nephrologist), pinepine i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 3 mahina e nānā i kou ʻano. No ka nānā ʻana i nā hana o ka hakuʻala, e hoʻāʻo ʻia kou koko no nā pae o:

• bicarbonate
• kalipuna
• hakuʻala
• hemoglobin
• pākuʻi
• potasiuma

E hoʻopili ʻia nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau ʻē aʻe:

• protein i ka mimi
• kaomi koko
• kūlana wai

E nānā kāu kauka i kāu:

• makaʻu ʻaʻa puʻuwai
• kūlana hoʻōla
• nā lāʻau i kēia manawa

Hoʻolohi i ka holomua

ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau, akā aia kekahi mau ʻanuʻu hiki ke hoʻolohi i ka holomua. ʻO kēia ka nānā ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana e like me:

• anemia
• maʻi maʻi iwi
• diabetes
• edema
• kolesterol kiʻekiʻe
• hypertension

He mea nui e lawe i kāu mau lāʻau āpau e like me ke kuhikuhi e pale ai i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa a me nā maʻi puʻuwai.

Ke hoʻoholo nei i nā kaʻina hou

No ka mea ʻo ka pae 4 ka pae hope loa ma mua o ka holo pono ʻole o ka hakuʻala, e kamaʻilio pū kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kēlā hiki. ʻO kēia ka manawa e hoʻoholo ai i nā ʻanuʻu aʻe e kū ai kēlā.

Mālama ʻia ka hōʻino kīwī me:

• dialysis
• hoʻoliʻiliʻi kīhāpai
• mālama mālama (palliative) mālama

Paipai ka National Kidney Foundation i ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka dialysis ke aia ka puʻuwai ma 15 pākēneka a ʻoi iki paha. Ke emi ka hana ma mua o 15 pākēneka, aia ʻoe i ke kahua maʻi maʻi ʻōhua 5.

ʻO ka papaʻai maʻi maʻi kidney 4 pae

ʻO ka ʻai no ka maʻi ʻōpū e pili ana i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, e like me ka maʻi kō. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka olakino e pili ana i ka papaʻai a noi paha i kahi hāʻawi i kahi kauka lāʻau.

Ma ka laulaha, ʻo kahi papaʻai no nā maʻi puʻuwai e:

• hoʻonohonoho mua i nā meaʻai hou ma mua o nā huahana i hana ʻia
• loaʻa nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o kaʻiʻo, nā moa, a me nā iʻa
• pili i ke kaulike a ʻaʻole inu i ka waiʻona
• kaupalena i ka momona, nā momona momona, a me nā kō kō i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia
• pale i ka paʻakai

Hiki ke kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa paha nā pae phosphor, no laila he mea nui e hele i kāu hana koko hou loa. ʻO nā meaʻai i kiʻekiʻe i ka phosphore e komo pū:

• huahana waiū
• hua kukui
• pata pīnī
• nā pīni maloʻo, nā pī, a me nā lihi
• koko, pia, a me ka cola pouli
• ʻākala

Inā kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka potassium, ʻokiʻoki i:

• maiʻa, melon, ʻalani, a me nā hua maloʻo
• kaʻuala, ʻōmato, a me nā avocados
• lau lau pouli
• laiki ʻeleʻele a me ʻāhiu
• mea ʻai waiū
• nā pīni, nā pī, a me nā nati
• bran cereal, palaoa palaoa āpau, a me ka pasta
• pani hakahaka
• ʻiʻo, manu moa, puaʻa, a me nā iʻa

E kūkā pono e kūkākūkā i kāu papaʻai i kēlā me kēia manawa me kāu kauka. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hana i nā hoʻoponopono ma hope o ka loiloi hou ʻana i kāu mau hoʻāʻo hou.

E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i, inā he mea, nā mea hoʻopihaʻai pono āu e lawe ai a inā paha ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka lawe wai.

Hoʻololi ka nohona 4 maʻi maʻi ʻōpala

Aia kekahi mau loli nohona e kōkua ai i ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻino hou ʻana i kāu mau puʻupaʻa. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• ʻAʻole puhipaka, inā puhi ʻoe. Hoʻopilikia ka puhipaka i nā kīʻaha koko a me nā aʻa. Hoʻonui ia i ka makaʻu o ka hoʻopili ʻana, ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, a me ka hahau. Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka haʻalele ʻana, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka no nā polokalamu hoʻomaha puhipaka.
• Hoʻoikaika kino. AIM e hoʻoikaika kino i 30 mau minuke i ka lā, ma ka liʻiliʻi he 5 mau lā o ka pule.
• Lawe i nā lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e like me ke kuhikuhi. Ma waho aʻe o ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau āpau i kauoha ʻia, e nīnau i kāu mea mālama ola ma mua o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻopihapiha over-the-counter (OTC).
• E ʻike pinepine i kāu kauka. E hōʻike pono a kūkākūkā i nā hōʻailona hou a ʻino hoʻi me kāu kauka.

He aha ka wānana no ka maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi pae 4?

ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi pae 4. ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e pale aku i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka hakuʻala a mālama i kahi ola maikaʻi.

I ka makahiki 2012, ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi me nā kāne a me nā wahine me ka haʻahaʻa o ka hakuʻala, ʻoi aku ma lalo o 30 pākēneka, ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui i ke ola.

Hoʻomaopopo lākou i ka lōʻihi o ke ola o nā wahine ma nā pae āpau o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa koe ka pae 4, kahi wale nō ka ʻokoʻa iki o ka wahine. ʻOi aku ka ilihune o ka Prognosis me ka makahiki.

• Ma 40 mau makahiki, ke ola ke ola ma kahi o 10.4 mau makahiki no nā kāne a me 9.1 mau makahiki no nā wahine.
• Ma 60 mau makahiki, ke ola ʻana ma kahi o 5.6 mau makahiki no nā kāne a 6.2 mau makahiki no nā wahine.
• Ma 80 mau makahiki, ke ola ʻana ma kahi o 2.5 mau makahiki no nā kāne a me 3.1 mau makahiki no nā wahine.

Pili pū kāu wānana pākahi i nā kūlana o ke ola ʻana a me nā ʻano lapaʻau āu e loaʻa ai. Hiki i kāu mea mālama ola ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi manaʻo ʻoi aku o ka mea e kali ai.

Nā lawe lawe kī

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi kidney 4 kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi. Hiki i ke kiaʻi ʻana me ka mālama pono ʻana ke kōkua i ka lohi o ka holomua a pale paha i ka holo pono ʻole ʻana o ka hakuʻala.

I ka manawa like, he mea nui ia e hoʻomākaukau no ka dialysis a i ʻole ke kuʻi ʻana o ke kīhāpai i ka hanana o ke kōpaʻa ʻole.

Hoʻopili ka mālama ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana olakino olakino a me ka mālama kākoʻo. He mea nui ia e ʻike pinepine i kāu kauka kōkō e kiaʻi i kou kūlana a lohi i ka holo ʻana o ka maʻi.