Hapai ʻo Rh a maikaʻi ʻole? No ke aha ʻoe e pono ai i kahi Injekio RhoGAM

Anter

• He aha ka Rh kumu?
• Rh incompatibility
• No ke aha e hoʻohana ʻia ai ʻo RhoGAM
• Pehea e lawelawe ai
• Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau o RhoGAM
• ʻO nā pōʻino o ka RhoGAM kī - a loaʻa ʻole ia
• Nā kumukūʻai a me nā koho
• ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

Ke hāpai ʻoe, ʻike paha ʻoe ʻaʻole kāu pēpē kāu ʻano - ʻano koko, ʻo ia hoʻi.

Hānau ʻia kēlā me kēia kanaka me kahi ʻano koko - O, A, B, a i ʻole AB. A hānau pū ʻia lākou me kahi Rhesus (Rh) mea maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole paha. Ua hoʻoilina ʻoe i kou Rh maʻa mai kou mau mākua mai, e like me kou hoʻoilina ʻana i nā maka ʻeleʻele o kou makuahine a me nā iwi papalina kiʻekiʻe o kou makuakāne.

ʻO ka hāpai ʻana ka manawa wale nō ke loaʻa paha kekahi koko maikaʻi ʻole (hoʻopaʻi ʻia!) Ma waena o ʻoe a me kāu kumu Rh.

Ke Rh maikaʻi ʻole ʻoe a ʻo Rh ka makuakāne o ka pēpē maikaʻi, hiki ke ala aʻe kekahi mau pilikia hoʻoweliweli inā loaʻa i ka pēpē ka Rh maikaʻi maikaʻi a ka makuakāne. Kapa ʻia kēia inoa ʻo Rh incompatibility, a i ʻole Rh maʻi.

Akā, mai kaomi aku i ka pihi panic ma kēia manawa wale nō. ʻOiai he mea nui e nānā ʻia no ka maʻi, he laha a pale ʻia ʻo Rh incompatibility.

I mea e hōʻalo ai i nā pilikia, hiki i kāu kauka ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi kī o RhoGAM - generic: Rho (D) immune globulin - ma kahi o 28 mau pule o ka hāpai ʻana a i nā manawa ke hui pū ʻia kou koko me kāu pēpē, e like me ka wā o ka hōʻike prenatal a hānau paha.

He aha ka Rh kumu?

He kumuʻiʻo Rh e noho ana ma nā hunaola ʻulaʻula. Inā loaʻa kēia protein iā ʻoe, maikaʻi ʻoe Rh. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe, Rh maikaʻi ʻole ʻoe. ʻO 18 wale nō ka pākēneka o ka heluna kānaka i loaʻa he ʻano koko maikaʻi ʻole Rh.

I ka wā e pili ana i kou olakino, ʻaʻohe mea nui i loaʻa iā ʻoe - ʻoiai inā ʻoe e pono i kahi hoʻoliʻiliʻi koko, hiki i nā kauka ke hōʻoia maʻalahi e loaʻa iā ʻoe ke koko maikaʻi ʻole Rh. Eia naʻe, kupu mai nā hopohopo i ka wā hāpai (he aha ʻaʻole kahi hopohopo i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana?) ke hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ke koko maikaʻi ʻole a maikaʻi hoʻi.

Rh incompatibility

Kūpono ʻole ʻo Rh ke hāpai ka wahine Rh maikaʻi ʻole i kahi pēpē me kahi kāne maikaʻi Rh. Wahi a ka:

• Aia kahi 50 pākēneka e loaʻa i kāu pēpē kāu Rh kumu maikaʻi ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻelua ʻo Rh. AOK wale nō, ʻaʻohe pono e pono ai.
• Aia pū kekahi 50 pakeneka o ka manawa e loaʻa ai i kāu pēpē ka Rh hopena maikaʻi o ko lākou makuakāne, a ʻo nā hopena i Rh incompatibility.

ʻO ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka launa ʻole o Rh hiki ke maʻalahi ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i nā laʻana koko mai ou aku, a, ʻo ka mea kūpono, ka makuakāne o ka pēpē.

• Inā Rh maikaʻi nā mākua ʻelua, ʻo ka pēpē pū kekahi.
• Inā Rh maikaʻi nā mākua ʻelua, ʻo Rh ka pēpē maikaʻi.
• Hana ʻia kahi hōʻike koko i kekahi o kāu kipa prenatal mua.

A - e maʻa i kēlā mau lāʻau ʻo ka nila - inā ʻoe maikaʻi ʻole ʻo Rh, e hana pū ana kāu kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua koko e nānā ai no nā Rh antibodies.

• ʻO nā Antibodies nā protein i hana ʻia e kāu ʻōnaehana pale pale e pale aku i nā mea haole i kou kino (e like me ke koko maikaʻi Rh.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā mea ʻāpili, ʻo ia hoʻi ua hōʻike mua ʻia ʻoe i ke koko maikaʻi Rh - mai ka lawe ʻana ma mua, no ka laʻana, he abortion, a i ʻole ke kōpili koko like ʻole ʻia.
• Kūpono paha kāu pēpē no ka pili ʻole o Rh inā maikaʻi ko lākou makuakāne iā Rh.
• Pono paha ʻoe i kēia hōʻike loiloi i mau manawa ma loko o ka hāpai ʻana e ana i kāu pae o nā mea ʻāpana (ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pilikia o kāu pēpē).
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā mea ʻākena, ʻaʻole e kōkua ʻo RhoGAM i kāu pēpē. Akā mai hopohopo. Hiki i nā kauka ke:
  • kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua kānana, e like me ke ultrasound, e nānā i ka ulu ʻana o kāu pēpē
  • hāʻawi i kāu pēpē i ke kōpili koko ma o ka umbilical cord, ma mua o ka nānā ʻana o kāu pēpē mai ka Hōkele ʻoluʻolu ʻo ia kou ʻōpū.
  • kuhi no ka hoʻouna mua ʻana

Nā kumu hou aʻe e noho mālie:

• I kekahi manawa hiki i ka launa ʻole o kāu pēpē Rh ke hana i nā pilikia māmā wale nō e koi ʻole ai i ka lāʻau.
• ʻAʻole pili pinepine nā hāpai mua e ka Rh incompatibility. ʻO ia no ka mea hiki ke lōʻihi ma mua o 9 mau mahina no ka Rh kino maikaʻi ʻole e hana i nā mea pale e hakakā i ke koko maikaʻi Rh.

No ke aha e hoʻohana ʻia ai ʻo RhoGAM

E loaʻa kahi makuahine Rh maikaʻi ʻole (ʻaʻole kāna pēpē) iā RhoGAM ma nā helu he nui i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana ke maikaʻi a ʻike ʻole ʻia paha ka hopena Rh o ka makuakāne. Pale kēia iā ia mai ka hana ʻana i nā mea ʻawaʻawa i Rh koko maikaʻi - nā mea ʻūpili i hiki ke hoʻopau i nā hunaola o kāna pēpē.

Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ʻo RhoGAM i nā manawa āpau a hiki i ke kōkō ʻana o ke koko o ka makuahine me kā pēpē. Aia kēia mau manawa i:

• ma 26 a 28 mau pule o ka hāpai ʻana, ke hiki ke hoʻomaka ka placenta a lahilahi a, ʻoiai ʻaʻole paha, hiki i ke koko ke hoʻolilo mai ka pēpē a i ka makuahine
• ma hope o ka hāpai keiki, hānau hānau, hānau ʻole ʻana, a i ʻole hāpai hāpai ectopic (kahi hāpai e ulu ma waho o ka kōpū)
• ma waena o 72 mau hola o ka hānau ʻana, me kahi hānau cesarean, inā he Rh maikaʻi ka pēpē
• ma hope o nā hoʻokolohua hoʻowahāwahā o nā hunaola o nā pēpē, e laʻa me:
  • amniocentesis, kahi hoʻāʻo e nānā ana i ka wai amniotic no nā hanana ulu ʻole
  • chorionic villus sampling (CVS), kahi hoʻāʻo e nānā ana i nā laʻana pūnaewele no nā pilikia kūpuna
• ma hope o ka hōʻeha i ka midsection, i hana ʻia ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana a i ʻole kahi ulia kaʻa
• kekahi manipula i ka fetus - no ka laʻana, ke huli ke kauka i kahi pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia i hoʻonohonoho i ka wahi breech
• kahe keu i ka wā hāpai

Pehea e lawelawe ai

ʻO RhoGAM kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi pinepine ʻia e ka injection i loko o kahi mākala - pinepine i ka hope, no laila kahi huhū ʻē aʻe āu e hana ai i ka wā hāpai. Hiki ke hāʻawi pū ʻia me ka intravenously.

E hoʻoholo kāu kauka he aha ka lāʻau kūpono no ʻoe. Kūpono ʻo RhoGAM ma kahi o 13 mau pule.

Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau o RhoGAM

He lāʻau palekana ʻo RhoGAM me kahi moʻolelo he 50 mau makahiki o ka pale ʻana i nā pēpē mai ka maʻi Rh. Wahi a ka mea hana lāʻau, loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau i kahi i hāʻawi ʻia ai ke kī a me nā.

• paakiki
• pehu
• ʻeha
• ʻehaʻeha
• ʻehu a ʻulaʻula paha

ʻO kahi hopena ʻemi liʻiliʻi i ʻike pinepine ʻia he kuni liʻiliʻi. Hiki nō hoʻi, ʻoiai ka liʻiliʻi, e loaʻa i kahi hopena maʻi ʻaʻa.

Hāʻawi wale ʻia ka pana iā ʻoe; ʻaʻole i loaʻa i kāu pēpē nā hopena ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole no RhoGAM ʻoe inā ʻoe:

• i kēia manawa ua loaʻa i nā mea kūpona maikaʻi Rh
• he maʻi āpau i ka immunoglobulin
• loaʻa he hemolytic anemia
• ua loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia manawa (hōʻemi ʻo RhoGAM i ko lākou pono)

ʻO nā pōʻino o ka RhoGAM kī - a loaʻa ʻole ia

ʻAʻole pili ka maʻi Rh i kou olakino - akā inā hōʻole ʻoe i ke kī ʻo RhoGAM, hiki ke hopena i ke olakino o kāu pēpē a me nā hāpai o ka wā e hiki mai ana. I ka 'oiaʻiʻo, ʻO 1 Rh wahine hāpai maikaʻi ʻole ma 5 e lilo i maʻalahi i ka Rh hopena maikaʻi inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa iā RhoGAM. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki i kāna pēpē ke hānau ʻia me hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:

• anemia, ka nele o nā keena ʻulaʻula ke olakino
• puʻuwai puʻuwai
• poino lolo
• jaundice, kahi melemele meli i ka ʻili a me nā maka ma muli o ke akepaʻa kūpono ʻole - akā e kahakaha, he maʻamau ka jaundice i nā keiki hānau hou.

Nā kumukūʻai a me nā koho

ʻOkoʻa nā kumukūʻai a me nā ʻinikua no ka RhoGAM. Akā me ka ʻole o ka ʻinikua, e manaʻo e hoʻolilo i kahi ʻelua a i mau haneli kālā no ke kīkē ʻana (ʻoka - ʻoi aku ka ʻeha ma mua o ke kui o ka nila.). Akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana ʻinikua e uhi ma ka liʻiliʻi i kekahi o nā kumukūʻai.

E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana inā paha ʻoi aku ka waiwai o ka mana generic o RhoGAM - Rho (D) immune globulin - a i ʻole kahi inoa ʻokoʻa o ka lāʻau.

ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

ʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka maʻi Rh a hiki ke pale ʻia - ma ke ʻano he maʻi "kūlana maikaʻi loa" i kēlā ʻano. E ʻike i kou ʻano koko, a, inā hiki, ʻo ia o kāu hoa. (A inā ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.)

Inā maikaʻi ʻole ʻoe Rh, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā pono ʻoe iā RhoGAM a i ka manawa hea ka manawa maikaʻi e loaʻa ai.