Helu Pūnaewele Koko ʻulaʻula (RBC)

Anter

• Nā ʻōuli o ka helu helu ʻole
• No ke aha wau e pono ai i kahi helu RBC?
• Pehea e hana ai i ka helu RBC?
• Pehea wau e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka helu RBC?
• He aha nā makaʻina o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi helu RBC?
• He aha ka pae maʻamau no ka helu RBC?
• He aha ke ʻano o ka helu kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka helu maʻamau?
• He aha ke ʻano o ka helu haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka helu maʻamau?
• Nā koko ʻulaʻula a me nā maʻi ʻaʻa koko
• He aha inā loaʻa iaʻu nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole?
• Hoʻololi ka nohona
• Hoʻololi nā meaʻai

He aha ka helu o ke koko ʻulaʻula?

ʻO kahi helu o ke koko ʻulaʻula kahi hōʻaʻo koko a kāu kauka e hoʻohana ai e ʻike i ka nui o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula (RBC) iā ʻoe. ʻIke ʻia ia he helu erythrocyte.

He mea nui ka hoʻāʻo no ka mea loaʻa i ka RBCs ka hemoglobin, e hāpai ana i ka oxygen i nā aʻa o kou kino. Hiki i ka helu o nā RBC iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i ka nui o ka oxygen i loaʻa i kāu mauʻaʻa. Pono kāu mau pūnaewele i ka oxygen e hana.

Nā ʻōuli o ka helu helu ʻole

Inā kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa paha kāu helu RBC, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona a me nā pilikia.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi helu RBC haʻahaʻa, hiki i nā ʻōuli ke hoʻopili pū:

• luhi
• pokole o ka hanu
• dizziness, nawaliwali, a i ʻole lightheadedness, ke hoʻololi koke ʻoe i nā kūlana
• hoʻonui ʻia ka helu o ka puʻuwai
• ʻeha poʻo
• ʻili mae

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi helu RBC kiʻekiʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā ʻōuli e like me:

• luhi
• pokole o ka hanu
• ʻeha pū
• palupalu i nā poho o nā lima a i ʻole nā ​​kapuaʻi o nā wāwae
• ʻili ʻili, ʻoiai ma hope o ka ʻauʻau a ʻauʻau paha
• haunaele hiamoe

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kēia mau hōʻailona hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kahi helu RBC.

No ke aha wau e pono ai i kahi helu RBC?

Wahi a ka American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC), aneane mau ka hōʻike ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o kahi hōʻike koko piha (CBC). Ana kahi hōʻike CBC i ka helu o nā ʻāpana āpau i ke koko, me:

• ʻulaʻula koko
• ʻili koko keʻokeʻo
• hemoglobin
• hematocrit
• platelet

ʻO kāu hematocrit ka nui o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i kou kino. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hematocrit e ana i ka lakio o RBCs i kou koko.

ʻO nā platelet nā huna liʻiliʻi e hoʻopuni i ke koko a hana i nā kahe koko e ʻae ai i nā ʻeha e hoʻōla a pale i ke kahe nui.

Hiki paha i kāu kauka ke kauoha i ka hoʻokolohua inā manaʻo lākou he maʻi kāu e hoʻopili ai i kāu RBC, a i ʻole inā ʻoe e hōʻike i nā ʻōuli o ka oxygen haʻahaʻa o ke koko. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopili:

• ʻili bluish o ka ʻili
• huikau
• huhū a me ka hoʻomaha ʻole
• hanu maʻamau

E maʻa pinepine kahi hōʻike CBC i kahi hoʻokolohua kino maʻamau. Hiki iā ia ke lilo i hōʻailona o kou olakino holoʻokoʻa. Hana ʻia paha ia ma mua o kahi ʻoki.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi koko e pili ana i ka helu RBC, a i ʻole ke lawe nei ʻoe i nā lāʻau e hoʻopili i kāu RBC, hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i ka hoʻokolohua e nānā i kāu kūlana a i ʻole ka lāʻau. Hiki i nā kauka ke hoʻohana i nā hoʻokolohua CBC e nānā i nā kūlana e like me leukemia a me nā maʻi o ke koko.

Pehea e hana ai i ka helu RBC?

ʻO kahi helu RBC kahi hōʻike koko maʻalahi i hana ʻia ma ke keʻena o kāu kauka. E huki ke kauka i kou koko, ma ka maʻa mau o kou kuʻe lima. ʻO nā ʻanuʻu e pili ana i ka huki koko.

• E hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka mea mālama ola i ka pūnaewele puncture me kahi antiseptic.
• E wahī lākou i kahi kaula lahilahi a puni kou lima e hoʻonui i kou aa i ke koko.
• E hoʻokomo mālie lākou i kahi nila i loko o kou aa a ʻohiʻohi i ke koko i loko o ka ipu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a i ʻole ka paipu.
• E wehe lākou i ke kui kele a me ka paʻa lima mai kou lima.
• E hoʻouna ka mea mālama ola i kāu laʻana koko i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua no ka loiloi.

Pehea wau e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka helu RBC?

ʻAʻohe maʻamau kahi hoʻomākaukau kūikawā e pono ai no kēia hōʻike. Akā pono ʻoe e haʻi i kāu kauka inā lawe ʻoe i nā lāʻau. Hoʻopili kēia i nā lāʻau āpau a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻopihapiha over-the-counter (OTC).

Hiki i kāu kauka ke haʻi aku iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā ʻano hana pono ʻē aʻe.

He aha nā makaʻina o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi helu RBC?

E like me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke koko, aia ka makaʻu i ke kahe ʻana, ka ʻeha ʻana, a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻana ma ka pūnaewele puncture. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha kaulike a i ʻole i ka naʻau pricking ʻoi ke komo ka nila i kou lima.

He aha ka pae maʻamau no ka helu RBC?

Wahi a ka Leukemia & Lymphoma Society:

• ʻO ka laulā RBC maʻamau no nā kāne he 4.7 a 6.1 miliona mau pūnaewele i kēlā me kēia microliter (mcL).
• ʻO ka pae RBC maʻamau no nā wahine hāpai ʻole ʻo 4.2 a 5.4 miliona mcL.
• ʻO ka pae RBC maʻamau no nā keiki ʻo 4.0 a 5.5 miliona mcL.

E loli paha kēia mau pae ma muli o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua a kauka paha.

He aha ke ʻano o ka helu kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka helu maʻamau?

Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka erythrocytosis inā kiʻekiʻe aʻe kāu helu RBC ma mua o ka maʻamau. Pili paha kēia i:

• puhipaka
• maʻi puʻuwai congenital
• hoʻomake wai
• carcinoma puʻuwai ʻōpala, kahi ʻano o ke kanesa maʻi ʻaʻai
• pulmonary fibrosis
• polycythemia vera, kahi maʻi iwi pū iwi e kumu i ka overproduction o RBCs a pili pū ʻia me kahi mutation

Ke neʻe ʻoe i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, hoʻonui paha kāu helu RBC no nā pule he nui no ka mea ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka oxygen i ka lewa.

Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau e like me gentamicin a me methyldopa ke hoʻonui i kāu helu RBC. ʻO Gentamicin kahi lāʻau antibiotic i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā maʻi bacteria i ke koko.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Methyldopa e mālama i ke koko kiʻekiʻe. Hana ia ma ka hoʻomaha ʻana i nā kīʻaha koko e ʻae i ke kahe e kahe maʻalahi ma waena o ke kino. E ʻike pono i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau āu e lawe ai.

ʻO kahi helu RBC kiʻekiʻe ma muli o ka hopena o ka hiamoe, ka pulmonary fibrosis, a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi i nā pae oxygen haʻahaʻa i ke koko.

Hiki i nā lāʻau hoʻoikaika-hana e like me nā injection protein a me nā steroid anaboliko ke hoʻonui pū i nā RBC. Hiki i nā maʻi kīwī a me nā maʻi kakā ke alakaʻi i nā helu RBC kiʻekiʻe pū kekahi.

He aha ke ʻano o ka helu haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka helu maʻamau?

Inā ʻoi aku ka helu o RBC ma mua o ka maʻamau, kumu ʻia e:

• anemia
• holo pono ʻole iwi iwi
• Ka nele o ka erythropoietin, ʻo ia ke kumu mua o ka anemia i nā mea maʻi me nā maʻi puʻupuʻu mau
• hemolysis, a i ʻole RBC luku ʻia e ke transfusions a me ka ʻeha o ke koko
• kahe o loko a i waho paha
• maʻi leukemia
• hana maikaʻi ʻole
• myeloma maha, kahi maʻi ʻaʻai o nā hunaola plasma i ka iwi iwi
• nā hemahema o ka meaʻai, me nā hemahema i ka hao, keleawe, folate, a me nā huaora B-6 a me B-12
• hāpai keiki
• nā maʻi thyroid

Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kāu helu RBC, keu hoʻi:

• lāʻau chemotherapy
• chloramphenicol, kahi e mālama ai i nā maʻi bacteria
• quinidine, hiki ke mālama i nā puʻuwai puʻuwai ʻole
• hydantoins, kahi e maʻa mau ai ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi epilepsy a me nā spasms muscle

Nā koko ʻulaʻula a me nā maʻi ʻaʻa koko

Hiki i nā maʻi maʻi koko ke hoʻololi i ka hana a me ka hana o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula. Hiki iā lākou ke hopena i nā pae RBC ʻano ʻole.

He ʻano ʻokoʻa kā kēlā me kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai koko ma ka helu RBC. ʻO nā ʻano ʻekolu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai koko:

• leukemia, ka mea e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hiki o ka iwi o ka iwi ke hana i nā platelet a me nā hunaola ʻulaʻula
• lymphoma, kahi e hoʻopili ai i nā huna keʻokeʻo o ka ʻōnaehana pale
• myeloma, kahi e pale ai i ka hana maʻamau o nā mea ʻohā

He aha inā loaʻa iaʻu nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole?

E kūkākūkā kāu kauka i nā hopena kūlohelohe me ʻoe. Kaukaʻi ʻia i nā hopena, pono lākou e kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe.

Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopili i nā ʻoki o ke koko, kahi e nānā ʻia ai kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni o kou koko ma lalo o kahi microscope. Hiki i ke koko smear ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea kūpono ʻole i loko o nā hunaola koko (e like me ka anemia maʻi o ka maʻi maʻi), nā maʻi maʻi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e like me leukemia, a me nā parasites e like me ka malaria.

ʻO ke Anemia kahi ʻano i lawa ʻole nā ​​keola ʻulaʻula olakino e lawe i ka oxygen ma loko o ke kino. Nā ʻano anemia e like me:

• anemia hemahema hao, kahi e mālama maʻalahi ʻia ai
• anemia maʻi maʻi, ʻo ia ka hopena i nā kino ʻulaʻula ke ʻano maʻamau ʻole e make koke
• ʻO ka anemia hemahema ʻo ka wikamina, i kumu pinepine ʻia mai nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka lāʻau B-12

Pono nā ʻano anemia āpau i ka lāʻau. ʻO ka poʻe me ka anemia ke ʻano luhi a nāwaliwali hoʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i ka hōʻeha poʻo, nā lima anuanu a me nā wāwae, ka palaho, a me nā puʻuwai puʻuwai ʻole.

Hiki i kahi biopsy iwi iwi ke hōʻike pehea e hana ʻia ai nā hunaola ʻokoʻa o kou koko i loko o kou iwi iwi. ʻO nā hōʻike diagnostics, e like me ultrasounds a i ʻole electrocardiograms, hiki ke nānā i nā kūlana e hoʻopili ana i nā puʻupaʻa a puʻuwai paha.

Hoʻololi ka nohona

Hiki i nā loli ke hoʻololi i kāu helu RBC. Aia kekahi o kēia mau hoʻololi:

• ka mālama ʻana i ka papaʻai olakino a me ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā hemahema o ka wikamina
• e hana mau ana, kahi e koi ai i ke kino e hoʻohana i ka nui o ka oxygen
• pale ʻana i ka aspirin
• pale ʻana i ka puhipaka

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kāu RBC me nā loli o ke ʻano o ka nohona:

• e hoʻemi ana i ka nui o ka hao a me ka ʻulaʻula āu e ʻai ai
• inu wai hou ana
• e hōʻalo nei i nā diuretics, e like me nā mea inu i loaʻa ka caffeine a i ʻole ka ʻalekohola
• haʻalele i ka puhipaka

Hoʻololi nā meaʻai

Hiki i nā loliʻai ke pāʻani i kahi ʻāpana nui i ka mālama ʻana i ka home ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana a hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana paha i kāu helu RBC.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i kāu RBC me nā loli dietary aʻe:

• ke hoʻohui nei i nā meaʻai waiwai hao (e like me kaʻiʻo, iʻa, moa moa), a me nā pīni maloʻo, ka pī, a me nā lau lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo (e like me ka milo) i kāu papaʻai
• ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke keleawe i kāu papaʻai me nā meaʻai e like me ka iʻa, nā manu, a me nā nati
• ke kiʻi hou nei i ka wikamina B-12 me nā meaʻai e like me nā hua manu, nā ʻiʻo, a me nā cereala paʻa