Poikilocytosis: he aha ia, ʻano a i ka wā e hiki ai

Anter

• Nā ʻano o ka poikilocytes
• Ke ʻike ʻia nā poikilocytes
• 1. Anemia maʻi maʻi maʻi
• 2. Myelofibrosis
• 3. Hemolytic anemias
• 4. Nā maʻi akepaʻa
• 5. Anemia hemahema hao

ʻO Poikilositosis kahi huaʻōlelo i hiki ke hōʻike ʻia i ke kiʻi o ke koko a ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka helu o nā poikilocytes e holo nei i loko o ke koko, he mau ʻulaʻula ia me kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa. He poepoe ke ʻano o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, pālahalaha a he wahi māmā māmā ko waena ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o hemoglobin. Ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka membrane o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, aia paha he mau loli i ko lākou ʻano, a laila ka hopena o ke kahe ʻana o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula me kekahi ʻano ʻokoʻa, i hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kā lākou hana.

ʻO nā poikilocytes nui i ʻike ʻia i ka loiloi microscopic o ke koko he drepanosit, dacryosit, elliposit a me nā codosit, e ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā anemias, no laila he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo iā lākou i mea e hiki ai ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka anemia, e ʻae ana i ka hōʻailona a me ka hoʻomaka o ka lapaʻau ʻana. lawa.

Nā ʻano o ka poikilocytes

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā Poikilocytes microscopically mai ke kahe koko, ʻo ia nā:

• Nā spherosit, i loko o nā erythrocytes e poepoe a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā erythrocytes maʻamau;
• Nā Dacryocytes, ʻo ia nā hunaola ʻulaʻula me ke ʻano o ka waimaka a kulu paha;
• ʻO Acanthocyte, i loko o nā erythrocytes i loaʻa kahi ʻano spulate, e like paha me ke ʻano o kahi pāpale ʻōmole aniani;
• Nā Codosit, ʻo ia nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e pili ana i ka mahele o ka hemoglobin;
• ʻO Elliptocytes, kahi i loaʻa ai nā erythrocytes i kahi ʻano oval;
• Nā Drepanocytes, ʻo ia nā ʻāpana koko ʻulaʻula ʻano pahi ʻaʻano a ʻike nui ʻia i ka anemia ʻula maʻi.
• ʻO Stomatocytes, ʻo ia nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i loaʻa kahi wahi ololi i waenakonu, e like me ka waha;
• Nā Schizocytes, kahi e loaʻa ai ke ʻano o ka erythrocytes i kahi ʻano mau ʻole.

I ka hōʻike hemogram, inā loaʻa ka poikilocytosis i ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua microscopic, hōʻike ʻia ke kū ʻana o ka poikilocyte i ʻike ʻia i loko o ka hōʻike.He mea nui ka ʻike ʻia o nā poikilocytes i hiki i ke kauka ke nānā i ke kūlana maʻamau o ke kanaka a, e like me ka loli i ʻike ʻia, hiki ke hōʻike i ka hana o nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hoʻopau i ke kuhi a hoʻomaka ka lāʻau ma hope.

Ke ʻike ʻia nā poikilocytes

ʻIke ʻia nā poikilocytes ma ke ʻano he hopena o nā loli e pili ana i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, e like me nā loli biokimia i ka membrane o kēia mau hunaola, nā loli metabolic i loko o nā enzyme, nā mea kūpono ʻole e pili ana i ka hemoglobin a me ka ʻelemakule o ka ʻulaʻula. Hiki i kēia mau hoʻololi ke loli i nā maʻi he nui, e hopena ana i ka poikilocytosis, ʻo ia nā kūlana nui:

1. Anemia maʻi maʻi maʻi

ʻO ka anemia cell Sickle kahi maʻi i ʻano nui ʻia e ka loli ʻana i ke kinona o ke koko ʻulaʻula, a he ʻano like kona me ko ka pahikakiwi, a ʻike ʻia ʻo ka cell sickle. Hana ʻia kēia ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o kekahi o nā kaulahao e hana i hemoglobin, kahi e hoʻemi ai i ka hiki o ka hemoglobin e hoʻopaʻa i ka oxygen a, no laila, ka lawe ʻana i nā meaola a me nā meaola, a hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī no ka hele o ke koko ʻulaʻula ma o nā veins .

Ma muli o kēia hoʻololi a hoʻemi ʻia i ka lawe ʻana o ka oxygen, manaʻo nui ke kanaka i ka luhi nui loa, hōʻike i ka ʻeha maʻamau, pale a me ka ulu ʻana o ka ulu, no ka laʻana. E aʻo e ʻike i nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai anemia.

ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka cell sickle cell o ka anemia cell sickle, hiki nō hoʻi ke nānā, i kekahi mau manawa, ke kū mai o nā codocytes.

2. Myelofibrosis

ʻO Myelofibrosis kahi ʻano o neoplasia myeloproliferative i loaʻa ke ʻano o ke alo o dacryocytes e holo nei i loko o ke koko ākea. ʻO ke kū ʻana o nā dacryocytes e hōʻike pinepine nei aia he mau loli i ka iwi o ka iwi, ʻo ia ka mea e hana ai i ka myelofibrosis.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Myelofibrosis e ke kū ʻana o nā mutation e hāpai i nā loli i ke kaʻina hana o nā iwi i ka iwi iwi, me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka nui o nā hunaola makua i ka iwi iwi e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ai i ka hana ʻia o nā scars i ka iwi iwi, e hoʻemi ana i kāna hana ma luna. manawa. Hoʻomaopopo i ka myelofibrosis a pehea e mālama ʻia ai.

3. Hemolytic anemias

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā anemias Hemolytic e ka hana ʻana o nā meaolaola e pane kūʻē i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, e hāpai ana i ko lākou luku ʻana a alakaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o nā ʻōuli anemia, e like me ka luhi, pallor, dizziness a me nāwaliwali, no ka laʻana. Ma ke ʻano he hopena o ka luku ʻia o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, aia ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola koko e ka iwi o ka iwi a me ka iwi, ka mea e hopena ai i ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula maʻamau, e like me nā spherocytes a me nā ellipocytes. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā hemolytic anemias.

4. Nā maʻi akepaʻa

Hiki i nā maʻi e hoʻopili i ke akepaʻa ke alakaʻi i ka puka ʻana o nā poikilocytes, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā stomatosit a me nā acanthocytes, a pono nā hoʻokolohua hou aku e nānā i ka hana o ke ake inā hiki ke ʻike pono i nā loli.

5. Anemia hemahema hao

ʻO ka anemia hemahema o ka hao, i kapa ʻia he anemia hemahema o ka hao, ʻike ʻia e ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka nui o ka hemoglobin e kahe ana i loko o ke kino a, no laila, oxygen, no ka mea, he mea nui ka hao no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o hemoglobin. Pēlā, ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli, e like me ka nāwaliwali, luhi, nāwaliwali a me ka nāwaliwali. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka hao e hiki ai ke kākoʻo i ka helehelena o nā poikilocytes, ʻo ka nui o nā codocytes. E ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i ka anemia hemahema o ka hao.