Ke haʻalele nei mai nā Opiates a me nā Opioids

Anter

• He aha ka hopena o ka opioids ma ke kino?
• He aha ke kumu o ka haʻalele ʻana o opioid?
• He aha nā hōʻailona o ka haʻalele ʻana o opioid?
• Pehea e wehewehe ʻia ai ka haʻalele ʻana o opioid?
• He aha nā hana i loaʻa no ka haʻalele ʻana o opioid?
• He aha nā pilikia o ka haʻalele ʻana o opioid?
• He aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai i ka wā lōʻihi?

He aha ka huki opioid?

ʻO Opioids kahi papa o nā lāʻau i kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia e mālama i ka ʻeha. Hoʻopili nā opioids i nā opiates ʻelua (nā lāʻau i loaʻa mai ka opium poppy, e like me morphine, codeine, heroin, a me opium) a me nā opioids synthetic e like me hydrocodone, oxycodone, a me methadone, i loaʻa nā hopena like. ʻO nā opioid i kuhikuhi ʻia:

• Oxycontin (oxycodone)
• Vicodin (hydrocodone a me acetaminophen)
• Dilaudid (hydromorphone)
• morphine

ʻOiai maikaʻi loa e mālama i ka ʻeha, hiki i kēia mau lāʻau ke kumu i ka hilinaʻi ʻana o ke kino a me ka hoʻōla. Wahi a ka National Institute on Drug Abuse, ma kahi o 2.1 miliona mau kānaka maʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a ma waena o 26.4 a me 36 miliona mau kānaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i hoʻohana i nā opioids.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau kū ʻole i ke kānāwai, e like me heroin, he opioids pū kekahi. ʻO Methadone kahi opioid i kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia e mālama i ka ʻeha, akā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā hōʻailona haʻalele i nā poʻe i lilo i ka opioids.

Inā kū a hōʻemi paha i ka nui o nā opioids āu e lawe nei, ʻike paha ʻoe i nā ʻōuli o ke kino o ka haʻalele. Heʻoiaʻiʻo loa kēia inā ʻoe e hoʻohana nei i kēia mau lāʻau i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe ma mua o kekahi mau pule. Hoʻololi nā ʻōnaehana he nui i kou kino ke lawe ʻoe i ka nui o nā opioids no kahi manawa lōʻihi. Kūleʻa nā hopena no ka mea he manawa no kou kino e hoʻoponopono ai i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā opioids i kāu ʻōnaehana.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Opioid withdrawal ma ke ʻano he akahai, akahai, akahai, a ʻino hoʻi. Hiki i kāu mea mālama mālama mua ke hoʻoholo i kēia ma ka loiloi ʻana i kāu opioid e hoʻohana i ka mōʻaukala a me nā ʻōuli, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pono hana diagnostic e like me ka Scale Opiate Withdrawal Scale.

He aha ka hopena o ka opioids ma ke kino?

Hoʻopili nā Opioids iā lākou iho i nā mea loaʻa opioid i ka lolo, ka iwi kuamoo, a me nā ʻōpū o ka gastrointestinal. Ke hoʻopili ka opioids i kēia mau receptor, hana lākou i nā hopena. Hana maoli ka lolo i kāna mau opioids ponoʻī, nona ke kuleana o nā hopena āpau, e like me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻeha, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka nui o ka hanu, a me ke kōkua pū ʻana e pale i ke kaumaha a me ka hopohopo.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hana ke kino i nā opioids i nā nui he nui - ʻo ia ka lawa o ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻeha e pili ana me ka wāwae haʻihaʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hana ke kino i nā opioids i ka nui o ka nui e kumu i kahi overdose. Hoʻopili nā lāʻau lapaʻau Opioid a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau kū ʻole i kēia mau opioids kūlohelohe.

Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau ke hoʻopili i ke kino ma nā ʻano like ʻole:

• Hoʻopili paha nā Opioids i ka ʻōnaehana lolo, ka mea e kaohi i nā hana e like me ka hanu ʻana a me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, e ka hoʻolohi ʻana i ka hanu a hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha i ka uha.
• Hiki i nā Opioids ke hana ma nā wahi kikoʻī o ka lolo i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka limbic system, ka mea e kaohi i nā manaʻo, e hana i nā manaʻo leʻaleʻa a hoʻomaha paha.
• Hana nā Opioids e hōʻemi i ka ʻeha ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka iwi kuamoo, nāna e hoʻouna i nā leka mai ka lolo i ke koena o ke kino, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe.

He aha ke kumu o ka haʻalele ʻana o opioid?

Ke lawe ʻoe i ka lāʻau opioid no ka manawa lōʻihi, lilo ke kino i ka hopena i nā hopena. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, pono i kou kino i nā mea hou aʻe e loaʻa i ka hopena like. Hiki ke weliweli loa kēia a hoʻonui i kou makaʻu i kahi overdosis i loaʻa ʻole.

Hoʻololi ka hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻana o kēia mau lāʻau i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o nā mea loaʻa nā aʻalolo i kou lolo, a lilo kēia mau mea loaʻa i ka hilinaʻi i ka lāʻau e holo. Inā maʻi ʻoe i ke kino ma hope o kou hoʻōki ʻana i ka lawe ʻana i kahi lāʻau opioid, he hōʻailona paha ia e hilinaʻi nui ʻoe i ka lāʻau. ʻO ka haʻalele ʻana i nā ʻōuli ke kino o ka pane o ke kino i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lāʻau.

Lilo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i kēia mau lāʻau i mea e hōʻalo ai i ka ʻeha a i ʻole ka haʻalele ʻana i nā ʻōuli. I kekahi mau hihia, ʻike ʻole ka poʻe ua lilo lākou i mea hilinaʻi. Kuhi hewa paha lākou i ka haʻalele ʻana no nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi flu a i ʻole kahi kūlana ʻē aʻe.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka haʻalele ʻana o opioid?

E hilinaʻi nā ʻōuli āu e ʻike ai i ka pae o ka haʻalele ʻana āu e ʻike nei. Eia kekahi, kuhikuhi nā mea he nui i ka lōʻihi o ka ʻike o ke kanaka i nā ʻōuli o ka haʻalele ʻana. Ma muli o kēia, ʻike nā mea āpau i ka haʻalele ʻana o opioid i ka ʻokoʻa. Eia nō naʻe, he manawa maʻamau no ka holomua o nā ʻōuli.

Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻōuli ma nā hola he 24 ma hope o kou hoʻōki ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau.

• ʻeha ka ʻili
• hoʻomaha ʻole
• hopohopo
• lacrimation (mau maka e haehae)
• ihu ihope
• sweating nui loa
• hiki ʻole ke hiamoe
• e uwo pinepine ana

Ma hope nā ʻōuli, ka mea hiki ke ʻoi aku ka ikaika, hoʻomaka ma hope o ka lā mua a ʻoi paha. Pākuʻi ʻia lākou:

• pāhoehoe
• ʻōpū ʻōpū
• kuʻi kuʻi kuʻi ma ka ʻili
• nausea a me ka luaʻi
• dilated pupils a malia paha blurry hihiʻo
• puʻuwai wikiwiki
• kahe koko kiʻekiʻe

ʻOiai ʻoluʻolu ʻole loa a ʻeha hoʻi, hoʻomaka mau nā hōʻailona e hoʻomaikaʻi ma waena o 72 mau hola, a i loko o hoʻokahi pule pono ʻoe e ʻike i kahi hōʻemi nui o nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ka haʻalele ʻana o ka opiate.

Hānau ʻia nā pēpē i nā makuahine i hoʻopili ʻia a i ʻole hoʻohana i nā opioids i ka wā e hāpai pinepine ai ka ʻike i nā ʻōuli hoʻi. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• nā pilikia digestive
• hānai hune ʻana
• hoʻomake wai
• ka luaʻi
• ka hopu ʻana

He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo i ka waiho ʻana o nā lāʻau ʻokoʻa i kāu ʻōnaehana no nā lōʻihi like ʻole o ka manawa a hiki i kēia ke hoʻopili i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka haʻalele. ʻO ka nui o ka manawa o kāu mau ʻōuli e pili ana i ke alapine o ka hoʻohana a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka mea hōʻalo, a me nā mea like ʻole e like me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO kahi laʻana, hoʻopau pinepine ʻia ka heroin mai kāu ʻōnaehana wikiwiki, a e hoʻomaka nā hōʻailona ma waena o 12 mau hola o ka hoʻohana hope loa. Inā ua hele ʻoe ma ka methadone, e hala paha i hoʻokahi lā a me ka hapalua no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻōuli.

Kuhikuhi kekahi mau loea i ke koi e pono ai i kahi manawa o ʻeono mau mahina o ka hōʻole ʻole, kahi e ʻike ai ke kanaka i nā ʻōuli o ka haʻalele. Kuhi ʻia kēia i kekahi manawa ʻo "abstinence lōʻihi." He mea nui e kūkākūkā i nā ʻōuli e mau nei me kāu kauka.

Pehea e wehewehe ʻia ai ka haʻalele ʻana o opioid?

No ke kuhi ʻana i ka haʻalele ʻana o ka opioid, e hoʻokō kāu mea lawelawe mua i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino a nīnau i nā nīnau e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona. Hiki iā lākou ke kauoha i ka mimi a me nā hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko e nānā no ke kūana o nā opioids i kāu ʻōnaehana.

E nīnau ʻia paha ʻoe e pili ana i ka hoʻohana lāʻau a me kāu mōʻaukala. Pane hāmama a ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi e kiʻi i ka lapaʻau maikaʻi loa a me ke kākoʻo.

He aha nā hana i loaʻa no ka haʻalele ʻana o opioid?

Hiki ke hōʻoluʻolu loa i ka haʻalele ʻana o Opioid, a hoʻomau ka poʻe he nui i kēia mau lāʻau e hōʻalo i nā ʻōuli maikaʻi ʻole, a hoʻāʻo paha e mālama i kēia mau ʻōuli ma o lākou iho. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kahi kaiaola ke hoʻomālamalama iā ʻoe a alakaʻi i kahi manawa kūpono o ka kūleʻa.

Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka haʻalele haʻahaʻa me ka acetaminophen (Tylenol), aspirin, a i ʻole nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) e like me ka ibuprofen. Nui nā wai a me ka maha ka mea nui. Hiki i nā lāʻau e like me loperamide (Imodium) ke kōkua me ka diarrhea a me ka hydroxyzine (Vistaril, Atarax) hiki ke hōʻoluʻolu.

Pono paha nā ʻōuli huki ʻoi aku ka koi i ka haukapila a me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi lāʻau i hoʻohana mua ʻia i ka wahi inpatient hoʻonohonoho ʻo clonidine. Hiki iā Clonidine ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ikaika o ka haʻalele ʻana i nā hōʻailona ma o 50 a 75 pakeneka. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o Clonidine i ka hōʻemi ʻana:

• hopohopo
• cramping
• ʻeha ka ʻili
• hoʻomaha ʻole
• ka houʻu ʻana
• waimaka
• ihu ihope

Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Suboxone o kahi opioid milder (buprenorphine) a me kahi opioid blocker (naloxone) i hana ʻole i nā hopena hoʻopili o nā opioid ʻē aʻe. Hana ka opioid blocker i ka hapa nui i loko o ka ʻōpū e pale ai i ka paʻa paʻa. Inā injected ia e hoʻoneʻe koke, no laila ʻaʻole e hōʻino ʻia ka hui ʻana ma mua o nā formulate ʻē aʻe. Ke lawe ʻia e ka waha, hiki ke hoʻohana i kēia hui ʻana e mālama i nā hōʻailona o ka haʻalele ʻana a hiki ke hoʻopōkole i ka ikaika a me ka lōʻihi o ka detoxification mai nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka weliweli, nā opioids.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Methadone no ka mālama mālama wā lōʻihi. He opioid mana nō naʻe ia, akā hiki ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻia i kahi ʻano kaohi e hiki ʻole ke hana i nā ʻōuli no ka haʻalele ʻana.

ʻAʻole hana iki ʻia ka detoxification wikiwiki. Hana ʻia ia ma lalo o ka anesthesia me nā lāʻau opioid-ālai, e like me naloxone a i ʻole naltrexone. Aia kekahi mau hōʻike e hoʻoliʻiliʻi kēia ala i nā ʻōuli, akā ʻaʻole pili i ka nui o ka manawa i hoʻopau ʻia. Hoʻohui ʻia, hana pinepine ka luaʻi i ka wā o ka haʻalele ʻana, a ʻo ka hiki o ka luaʻi ma lalo o ka anesthesia e hoʻonui loa i ka make o ka make. Ma muli o kēia, kānalua ka hapa nui o nā kauka e hoʻohana i kēia ʻano, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pōpilikia i nā pōmaikaʻi hiki ke loaʻa.

He aha nā pilikia o ka haʻalele ʻana o opioid?

Hiki i ka Nusea a me ka luaʻi ke hōʻailona nui i ka wā o ka haʻalele ʻana. ʻO ka hanu ʻole ʻana o nā mea luaʻi i loko o nā akemāmā (ʻike ʻia ʻo ka ʻiʻini) hiki ke lilo i komikino koʻikoʻi e pili ana me ka haʻalele ʻana, no ka mea hiki ke alakaʻi ʻia i ka ulu ʻana o ka puluma (aspiration pneumonia).

ʻO ka palahī kekahi ʻoluʻolu loa a me ka hōʻailona hoʻoweliweli loa. ʻO ka nalowale o nā wai a me nā electrolytes mai ka palahī hiki ke hoʻonā i ka puʻuwai i kahi ʻano maʻamau, i hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia kahe a me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai. He mea nui e pani i nā wai i nalowale i ka luaʻi a me ka maʻi diarrhea e pale ai i kēia mau pilikia.

ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i ka luaʻi, hiki i ka nausea ke hōʻoluʻolu ʻole. Hiki pū ke kūpikipiki a me ka ʻeha pū i ka wā o ka haʻalele ʻana o opioid. ʻO ka nūhou ka hiki i kāu mea mālama mālama mua ke hana pū me ʻoe ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lāʻau i koho ʻia e hiki ke kōkua me kēia mau hōʻailona hōʻemi hōʻoluʻolu ʻole.

He mea nui nō hoʻi e hoʻomaopopo e ʻike paha kekahi mau kanaka i nā ʻōuli haʻalele ʻē aʻe i helu ʻole ʻia ma aneʻi. ʻO kēia ke kumu he mea nui e hana pū me kāu mea lawelawe mua i ka wā haʻalele.

He aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai i ka wā lōʻihi?

Inā ua kū ʻoe i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau opioid a ke ʻike nei i nā hōʻailona haʻalele, e ʻike koke i kāu kauka. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā hōʻailona a hoʻoponopono i kāu regimen lāʻau. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau opioid i kuhikuhi ʻia me ka nīnau ʻole ʻana i kāu kauka.

Ke ʻimi nei i ke kōkua no kahi ʻōpili opioid e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kou olakino holoʻokoʻa a hoʻoliʻiliʻi i kāu makaʻu o ka hoʻi hou ʻana, ka overdose i loaʻa ʻole, a me nā pilikia e pili ana i ka hōʻino opioid E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a mea lawelawe olakino paha e pili ana i nā papahana lapaʻau a i ʻole nā ​​hui kākoʻo i kou wahi. ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi holoʻokoʻa i ke olakino a me ka olakino noʻonoʻo ka ʻeha a me ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole o ka haʻalele ʻana.