Nā maʻi hou i kēlā me kēia mea e pono ai nā mea hāpai ma kā lākou Radar

Anter

• Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
• Toxoplasmosis
• ʻO Congenital Herpes Simplex
• Zika
• Nānā no

Inā ua hōʻoia ka makahiki i hala a me ka hapa i hoʻokahi mea, ʻo ia ka hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻole ʻia nā maʻi virus. I kekahi mau hihia, ua hoʻopuka nā maʻi COVID-19 i nā hōʻailona jarring, mai ka wela kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka nalowale o ka ʻono a me ka ʻala. I nā manawa ʻē aʻe, hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona, ​​a ʻaʻole loa. A no kekahi poʻe, ua mau nā hōʻailona "lōʻihi" COVID-19 i nā lā, nā pule, a me nā mahina ma hope o ka maʻi.

A ʻo kēlā ʻano like ka hana pono ʻana o nā mea ʻino, wahi a Spencer Kroll, MD, Ph.D., ʻike ʻia ka lāhui kolesterol a me ka loea lipid maʻi. "ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui i ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā he mea ola ke ʻano o ka maʻi. ʻO ka mea maopopo he nui nā virus e hōʻino i nā hunaola o ke kino, e hoʻokomo ana i kā lākou code DNA kahi e waiho mālie ai no nā makahiki. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopilikia i ka manawa ma hope o ke kanaka. ua maʻi ʻia." (Pili: Pane kahi Immunologist i nā nīnau maʻamau e pili ana i nā Coronavirus Vaccines)

Akā ʻoiai ke hoʻouna ʻia nei ka maʻi COVID-19 ma o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a me nā kulu i hanu ʻia e kahi maʻi maʻi (ma nā ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mask ke kī!), Hoʻouna ʻia kekahi mau maʻi i nā ala ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka hihia: nā maʻi hiki ke hele mai ke kanaka hāpai i kahi keiki hānau ʻole. E like me kā Kauka Kroll i hōʻike ai, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i ʻike i kēia manawa ua loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi maʻi, a noho moe i kāu ʻōnaehana, hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia i kāu keiki hānau ʻole me ka ʻike ʻole.

Eia kahi lima o nā virus "kūmau" e noho makaʻala inā he makua ʻiʻo ʻoe a hoʻāʻo paha e hāpai.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

ʻO ka Cytomegalovirus kahi ʻano maʻi maʻi herpes e loaʻa ana i ka 1 o kēlā me kēia 200 hānau ʻana e hiki ke hopena i ka nui o nā pōʻino hānau, e like me ka nalo ʻana o ka lohe, nā pōʻino o ka lolo, a me nā pilikia ʻike maka. E ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻeiwa wale nō ka nui o nā wahine i lohe i ka maʻi maʻi, e like me Kristen Hutchinson Spytek, ka pelekikena a me ka mea hoʻokumu o ka National CMV Foundation. Hiki i ka CMV ke hoʻopili i nā makahiki a pau, a ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua o nā poʻe mākua a pau i loaʻa i ka maʻi CMV ma mua o 40 mau makahiki, ʻōlelo hou ʻo ia, ʻoiai he mea maʻamau ʻole ia i ka poʻe ʻaʻole immunocompromised. (Related: ʻO ke kumu nui o nā hemahema hānau āu i lohe ʻole ai)

Akā ke hoʻoili ʻia ka maʻi ma luna o kahi pēpē mai kahi mea hāpai i loaʻa i ka maʻi, hiki i nā mea ke lilo i pilikia. ʻO nā keiki a pau i hānau ʻia me ka maʻi CMV kūmole, hoʻokahi i loko o ʻelima e hoʻomohala i nā kino kīnā e like me ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻike, ka nalo ʻana o ka lohe, a me nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe, e like me ka National CMV Foundation. E hakakā pinepine lākou me kēia mau maʻi no ko lākou ola holoʻokoʻa no ka mea ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau a lāʻau lapaʻau paha no CMV.

ʻO ka ʻōlelo ʻana, hiki ke nānā ʻia nā keiki hou no ka maʻi i loko o ʻekolu pule ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, wahi a Pablo J. Sanchez, M.D., he loea maʻi infectious pediatric a me ka mea noiʻi nui ma ka Center for Perinatal Research at The Research Institute. A inā ʻike ʻia ʻo CMV i loko o kēlā manawa, ʻōlelo ʻo Spytek e hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau antiviral ke hoʻemi pinepine i ka paʻakikī o ka nalowale o ka lohe a hoʻomaikaʻi paha i nā hopena ulu. "ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia ka pōʻino i hana mua ʻia e ka CMV congenital."

Hiki i nā poʻe hāpai ke hana i nā hana e pale ai i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka maʻi i kahi keiki hānau ʻole ʻia, wahi a Spytek. Eia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kiʻekiʻe a ka National CMV Foundation:

1. Mai kaʻana like i ka meaʻai, nā kīʻaha, nā mea inu, nā ʻōpala, a me nā pulupulu niho, a mai hoʻokomo i ka pacifier a ke keiki i loko o kou waha. Hele kēia no kekahi, akā ʻoi aku me nā keiki ma waena o nā makahiki hoʻokahi a me ʻelima, no ka mea maʻamau ka maʻi maʻi i waena o nā keiki liʻiliʻi ma nā hale mālama lā.
2. Honi i kahi keiki ma ka papalina a i ʻole ke poʻo, ma mua o ko lākou waha. Bonus: Honi nā poʻo o nā pēpē ah-hoihoi. He ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻepekema ia. A ʻoluʻolu e hāʻawi i nā ʻapo āpau!
3. E holoi i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai no 15 a 20 kekona ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā diapē, hānai ʻana i kahi keiki ʻōpio, lawelawe lima ʻana i nā mea pāʻani, a me ka holoi ʻana i ka drool, ihu, a waimaka paha o kahi keiki.

Toxoplasmosis

Inā he hoa puaʻa kāu, aia kekahi manawa ua lohe ʻoe i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia he toxoplasmosis. "He maʻi ia i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi parasite," wehewehe a Gail J. Harrison, M.D., polopeka ma ka ʻOihana o Pediatrics and Pathology and Immunology ma ke Kula Nui ʻo Baylor College. Loaʻa pinepine ia i nā feces o ka pōpoki, akā hiki ke ʻike ʻia i loko o nā ʻiʻo ʻai ʻole a i hoʻomoʻa ʻole ʻia a me ka wai i hoʻohaumia ʻia, nā ipu, nā papa ʻoki, a pēlā aku. ʻO ka holoi lima ka mea nui). (E pili ana: No ke aha ʻoe e hopohopo ʻole ai e pili ana i ka maʻi Cat-Scratch)

ʻOiai ka nui o nā poʻe e hoʻomohala i nā hōʻailona like ʻole o ka maʻi maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ʻē aʻe mai ka maʻi, ke hāʻawi ʻia i kahi pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia, hiki ke hopena i kekahi mau pilikia, wahi a Kauka Harrison. Hiki i nā keiki i hānau me ka toxoplasmosis congenital ke hoʻomohala i ka nalo ʻana o ka lohe, nā pilikia o ka maka (me ka makapō), a me ke kino kīnā, e like me ka Mayo Clinic. (He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo, eia nō naʻe, hele aku ka toxoplasmosis i kāna iho a hiki ke mālama ʻia me kekahi mau lāʻau i ka poʻe mākua.)

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ma ka wā o kou hāpai ʻana, aia kahi manawa e hoʻoili aku ai ia i kāu pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia. Wahi a ka Boston Children's Hospital, aia ma kahi o 15 a 20 pakeneka ka loaʻa inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi i ka wā o kāu trimester mua, a ʻoi aku i ka 60 pakeneka i ke kolu o ka trimester.

Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā pēpē i hānau ʻia me ka toxoplasmosis congenital, akā ʻo kāu koho maikaʻi loa ʻo ia ke hana i nā hana pale koʻikoʻi i ka wā hāpai, e like me ka Mayo Clinic. Eia, hāʻawi ka Mayo Clinic i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo:

1. E ho'āʻo e noho ma waho o ka pahu litter. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e kāpae iā Mr. Muffins āpau, akā e hoʻāʻo e hoʻomaʻemaʻe kekahi lālā o ka ʻohana i kā lākou feces. He aha hou aʻe, inā he pōpoki waho ka pōpoki, e mālama iā lākou i loko o ka hale i loko o kou hāpai ʻana a hānai wale iā lākou i ka meaʻai i loko o ka ʻeke a ʻeke paha (ʻaʻohe mea maka.
2. Mai ʻai i ka ʻiʻo maka a i ʻole ka ʻiʻo i hoʻomoʻa ʻole ʻia, a holoi pono i nā ipu a pau, nā papa ʻoki, a me nā mea hoʻomākaukau. He mea nui kēia no ke keiki hipa, puaʻa, a me ka pipi.
3. E hoʻohana i nā mīkina lima i ka wā e mahiʻai ai ʻole e lawelawe ana i ka lepo, a e uhi i nā pahu one. E holoi pono i kou mau lima ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana i kēlā me kēia.
4. Mai inu i ka waiū waiū ʻole

ʻO Congenital Herpes Simplex

He maʻi maʻi maʻamau ʻo Herpes - ua manaʻo ka World Health Organization he 3.7 biliona mau kānaka ma lalo o 50 mau makahiki, kokoke i kahi hapakolu o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua. ʻO ka ʻōlelo ʻana, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka herpes ma mua o kou hāpai ʻana, aia ʻoe i kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka lawe ʻana i kēlā maʻi i kāu keiki, hoʻohui ka WHO.

Akā inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi maʻi no ka manawa mua ma hope o kou hāpai ʻana, ʻoiai inā aia i loko o kou ʻōpū (ʻaʻole ma ka waha), ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka pēpē. (A e hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau a lāʻau paha no ka herpes o kēlā me kēia ʻano.)

Hana ʻia ʻo herpes simplex ma kahi o 30 o kēlā me kēia 100,000 hānau, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻōuli ma loko o ka hebedoma mua a me ka lua o ke ola o ka pēpē, e like me ka Halemai Kamaliʻi ʻo Boston. A e like me ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a Kauka Harrison, koʻikoʻi nā ʻōuli. "He mau hopena pōʻino ko [Congenital herpes simplex] i nā pēpē, i kekahi manawa me ka make." Hoʻomaopopo ʻo ia i ka maʻi maʻamau o nā pēpē i ke ala hānau i ka wā hānau.

Inā hāpai ʻoe, he mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka moe kolohe i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi. E hoʻohana i ka condom, a inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi me nā hōʻailona ikaika e pili ana i ka maʻi maʻi (e ʻōlelo, he maʻi kino ko lākou ma ko lākou ʻōpū a i ʻole waha), holoi pinepine i kou mau lima a puni lākou.Inā loaʻa i kekahi kanaka kahi ʻeha anuanu (i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka maʻi herpes), hōʻole i ka honi ʻana i kēlā kanaka a i ʻole kaʻana like ʻana i nā mea inu. ʻO ka mea hope loa, inā he herpes kāu hoa, mai moe kolohe inā hana kā lākou mau ʻōuli. (ʻOi aku ma aneʻi: ʻO nā mea āpau e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ka Herpes a pehea e hoʻāʻo ai no ia)

Zika

ʻOiai ka wā maʻi maʻi maʻi ua lilo i mea like me ka maʻi COVID-19, hoʻi ma waena o 2015 a me 2017, kahi maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe weliweli e holo ākea ana ma ka hona honua: ʻo ka maʻi Zika. E like me CMV, ʻaʻole i ulu ka poʻe mākua olakino i nā hōʻailona ke loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi, a maʻalahi ia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā ia iho, e like me ka WHO.

Akā ke hoʻoili ʻia i kahi pēpē ma o ka pūpū, hiki ke hana i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi, wahi a Dr. Kroll. "Hiki iā [Zika] ke kumu i ka microcephaly, a i ʻole ke poʻo liʻiliʻi, a me nā hemahema o ka lolo i nā keiki hānau hou," wehewehe ʻo ia. "Hiki iā ia ke kumu i ka hydrocephalus congenital [kahi hoʻuluulu o ka wai i ka lolo], chorioretinitis [ka hoʻohaunaele o ka choroid, ka uhi ʻana o ka retina], a me nā pilikia hoʻomohala lolo." (E pili ana: Pono anei ʻoe e hopohopo e pili ana i ka maʻi Zika?)

Ua ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻaʻole hāʻawi ʻia ka lawe ʻana i ka fetus ke maʻi ka makuahine. I nā poʻe hāpai me ka maʻi Zika e hana ana, aia kahi 5 a 10 pakeneka paha e lilo ai ka maʻi i kā lākou keiki hānau, e like me ka CDC. He pepa i paʻi ʻia i loko o ka Ka Nūpepa Lapaʻau ʻo New England ua ʻike ʻia he 4 a 6 wale nō ka nui o ia mau hihia i hopena i ka microcephaly deformity.

ʻOiai he liʻiliʻi kēlā manawa, a ʻoiai ʻo Zika i kahi helu maʻi piko ma mua o ʻelima mau makahiki i hala, kōkua ia e mālama i ka wā hāpai. Pono nā wahine hāpai e hōʻole i ka hele ʻana i nā ʻāina i loaʻa i nā hihia Zika i kēia manawa. A ma muli o ka lawe mua ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi virus ma o ka nahu ʻana o ka makika, pono nō hoʻi nā wahine hāpai e noho akahele i nā wahi tropical a i ʻole subtropical (ʻo ia hoʻi kahi o nā hihia Zika). I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe puka nui, ʻoiai nā hihia kaʻawale.

Nānā no