Microtia

Anter

• ʻEhā mau papa o microtia
• Nā kiʻi o microtia
• He aha ke kumu o microtia?
• Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka microtia?
• Nā koho lapaʻau
• ʻOki kino ʻo ka iwi ʻōiwi Rib
• ʻOki kino Medpor
• Pepeiao Prosthetic waho
• Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hāmeʻa hoʻolohe hoʻōla
• Ka hopena i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā
• He aha ke kuanaʻike?

He aha ka microtia?

ʻO Microtia kahi maʻi ʻōiwi kahi e hoʻomohala ʻia ai ka ʻaoʻao waho o ka pepeiao o ke keiki a hana hewa ʻole ʻia. Hiki i ka hemahema ke hoʻololi i hoʻokahi (unilateral) a i ʻole ʻelua (bilateral) pepeiao. Ma kahi o 90 pākēneka o nā hihia, kūlike ia i ka unilaterally.

Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo ka microtia ma kahi o 1 a 5 i 10,000 mau hānau hānau i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo bilateral microtia ma 1 wale nō i 25,000 mau hānau i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

ʻEhā mau papa o microtia

Kū ʻo Microtia i ʻehā mau pae ʻokoʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​kaha, o ke koʻikoʻi:

• Papa I He pepeiao paha ko kāu keiki i waho e ʻike ʻia he liʻiliʻi akā maʻamau ka hapa nui, akā e hoʻopili paha a nalowale paha ke kahawai pepeiao.
• Papa II. ʻO ke kolu o ka pepeiao o kāu keiki, me ka earlobe, i ʻike ʻia e hoʻomohala maʻamau, akā ʻo ka hapakolu ʻelua o luna ka liʻiliʻi a maikaʻi ʻole. He ʻikiʻoki a nalowale paha ke kahawai pepeiao.
• Papa III. ʻO kēia ka ʻano maʻamau o ka microtia i ʻike ʻia i nā pēpē a me nā keiki. Loaʻa paha i kāu keiki ke hoʻomohala ʻole ʻia, nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka pepeiao kūwaho i waho, e like me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻūlū a me kahi nui o ka cartilage ma luna. Me ka papa III microtia, ʻaʻohe puka o ka pepeiao maʻa mau.
• Papa IV. ʻO ke ʻano ʻoi loa o ka microtia ʻike ʻia ʻo anotia. He anotia kāu keiki inā ʻaʻohe ona pepeiao a pepeiao paha i kēia manawa, a unilaterally a bilaterally paha.

Nā kiʻi o microtia

He aha ke kumu o microtia?

Hoʻomohala maʻamau ʻo Microtia i ka manawa o ka trimester mua o ka hāpai ʻana, i nā pule mua o ka ulu ʻana. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia kona kumu akā ua hoʻopili ʻia i kekahi manawa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau a i ʻole ka inu rama i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana, nā ʻano a me nā loli, nā mea e pili ana i ke kaiapuni, a me kahi papaʻai haʻahaʻa i nā huaʻaleʻale a me ka folic acid.

ʻO kahi mea e ʻike ʻia no ka microtia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau huehue Accutane (isotretinoin) i ka wā hāpai. Ua hoʻopili ʻia kēia lāʻau me nā maʻi kūlohelohe, me microtia.

ʻO kekahi kumu kūpono i hiki ke hoʻokau i kahi keiki i ka microtia ka maʻi diabetes, inā he maʻi diabetic ka makuahine ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO nā makuahine me ka maʻi diabetes ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe ka makaʻu no ka hānau ʻana i kahi pēpē me ka microtia ma mua o nā wahine hāpai.

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ʻo Microtia kahi ʻano hoʻoilina genetically no ka hapa nui. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā keiki me microtia kekahi ʻohana ʻohana ʻē aʻe me kēia ʻano. ʻIke ʻia i kekahi manawa a ua ʻike ʻia hoʻi i nā māhoe i loaʻa i kahi pēpē akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa i kekahi.

ʻOiai ka hapanui o nā hanana o microtia ʻaʻole hoʻoilina, i ka hapa iki o ka microtia hoʻoilina, hiki i ke ʻano ke heʻe i nā hanauna. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā makuahine me kahi keiki i hānau ʻia me microtia ua hoʻonui iki ʻia (5 pakeneka) o ka loaʻa hou o kahi keiki me ka maʻi pū kekahi.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka microtia?

Pono e hiki i ka pediatrician o kāu keiki ke kuhikuhi pono i ka microtia ma o ka nānā ʻana. No ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi, e kauoha ke kauka o kāu keiki i kahi hōʻike me ka loea, ka ihu, a me ka ʻāʻī (ENT) loea a me nā hoʻolohe hoʻolohe me kahi audiologist pediatric.

Hiki nō hoʻi ke kuhi i ka nui o ka microtia o kāu keiki ma o ka scan CAT, ʻoiai hana ʻia kēia ma ka hapa nui ke keu a ke keiki.

E loiloi ka audiologist i ka pae o ka lohe pepeiao o kāu keiki, a na ka ENT e hōʻoia inā aia kahi kanake pepeiao a i ʻole ʻaʻole. E hiki i kāu keiki ENT ke aʻoaʻo iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā koho no ke kōkua hoʻolohe ʻana a i ʻole ke ʻoki hou ʻana.

Ma muli o ka hiki ʻana o microtia ma kahi o nā kūlana genetika a i ʻole nā ​​hemahema hānau, makemake pū ka pediatrician o kāu keiki e kāpae i nā diagnose ʻē aʻe. Hiki i ke kauka ke koi aku i kahi ultrasound o nā puʻupaʻa o kāu keiki e loiloi i ko lākou ulu ʻana.

E kuhikuhi ʻia ʻoe i kahi loea kūpuna inā kānalua ke kauka o kāu keiki e pāʻani paha nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.

I kekahi manawa ʻike ʻia ka microtia ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā syndrome craniofacial ʻē aʻe, a i ʻole ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o lākou. Inā kānalua ka pediatrician i kēia, e hāʻawi ʻia kāu keiki i nā loea craniofacial a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻoponopono no ka loiloi hou, mālama ʻana, a me ka lāʻau.

Nā koho lapaʻau

Koho kekahi mau ʻohana ʻaʻole e komo i loko o ka lāʻau. Inā he pēpē kāu keiki, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻoki hou i ka aʻa pepeiao. Inā hōʻoluʻolu ʻole ʻoe i nā koho ʻoki, hiki iā ʻoe ke kali a ʻelemakule kāu keiki. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā ʻoki lāʻau no microtia no nā keiki nui, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka cartilage i loaʻa i ka hoʻopili.

Hiki i kekahi mau keiki i hānau ʻia me microtia ke hoʻohana i nā pono lohe nonsurgical. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nui o ka microtia o kāu keiki, he moho paha lākou no kēia ʻano hāmeʻa, keu hoʻi inā he ʻōpio loa lākou no ke ʻoki a inā e hoʻopaneʻe paha ʻoe. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea kōkua pepeiao inā aia kahi puka pepeiao.

ʻOki kino ʻo ka iwi ʻōiwi Rib

Inā koho ʻoe i ka huina rib no kāu keiki, e ʻalo ana lākou i ʻelua a ʻehā mau kaʻina hana no ka lōʻihi o kekahi mau mahina a hoʻokahi makahiki. Lawe ʻia ka cartilage rib mai ka umauma o kāu keiki a hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ke ʻano o ka pepeiao. A laila kanu ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili ma ka pūnaewele kahi e loaʻa ai ka pepeiao.

Ma hope o ka hoʻopili piha ʻia ʻana o ka cartilage hou ma ka pūnaewele, hiki ke hana ʻia i nā hana hou a me nā hoʻowali ʻili e kū pono ai ka pepeiao. Paipai ʻia ka ʻōpala Rib graft no nā keiki 8 a 10 mau makahiki.

Ikaika a paʻa ka cartilage rib. ʻAʻole hiki ke hōʻole ʻia nā kele mai ke kino ponoʻī o kāu keiki ma ke ʻano he mea implant.

ʻO nā downsides i ke ʻoki kino e pili ana i ka ʻeha a hiki i ka scarring ma ka pūnaewele hoʻopili. ʻO ka cartilage rib i hoʻohana ʻia no ka implant e manaʻo pū kekahi hoʻi me ka ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka cartilage pepeiao.

ʻOki kino Medpor

Pili kēia ʻano kūkulu hou ʻana i ke kanu ʻana i kahi mea synthetic ma mua o ka cartilage rib. Hiki ke hoʻopau maʻamau i hoʻokahi kaʻina hana a hoʻohana i nā kiko o ka ʻili i uhi ʻia i nā mea kanu.

Hiki i nā keiki ʻōpio a hiki i ka makahiki 3 ke hana palekana i kēia kaʻina hana. Kūlike nā hopena ma mua o nā hana o ka lip graft. Eia nō naʻe, nui aʻe ka makaʻi no ka maʻi a me ka nalo ʻana o ka implant ma muli o ka trauma a i ʻole ka ʻeha no ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā mea a puni.

ʻAʻole nō i ʻike ʻia i ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻokomo ʻana o Medpor implants, no laila ʻaʻole e hāʻawi a hana paha kekahi poʻe kauka ʻōpio i kēia kaʻina hana.

Pepeiao Prosthetic waho

Hiki i nā Prosthetics ke nānā aku i kahi ʻoiaʻiʻo a hoʻokomo ʻia me kahi adhesive a i ʻole ma o kahi ʻōnaehana heleuma i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka lāʻau. Liʻiliʻi ke kaʻina hana e waiho ai i nā heleuma implant, a liʻiliʻi ka manawa hoʻōla.

He koho maikaʻi nā Prosthetics no nā keiki i hiki ʻole ke hana i ke kūkulu hou ʻana a i ʻole no ka holomua ʻole o ke kūkulu hou ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, pilikia kekahi mau kānaka me ka manaʻo o kahi prosthetic detachable.

Loaʻa i ka poʻe ʻē aʻe i ka ʻili i ka liki. Hiki i nā ʻōkuhi heleuma i hoʻokomo ʻia me ka Surgically ke hāpai i ka makaʻu o kāu keiki no ka maʻi ʻili. Hoʻohui ʻia, pono e hoʻololi i nā prosthetics i kēlā me kēia manawa.

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hāmeʻa hoʻolohe hoʻōla

Hiki paha i kāu keiki ke hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻia mai ka implant cochlear inā hoʻopili ʻia kā lākou hoʻolohe ʻana e microtia. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka kiko hoʻopili i loko o ka iwi ma hope a ma luna o ka pepeiao.

Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hoʻōla, e loaʻa i kāu keiki kahi ʻōnaehana i hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ma ka pūnaewele. Kōkua kēia mea hana i kāu keiki e lohe i nā haʻalulu kani e ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā aʻalolo i ka pepeiao o loko.

He mea kōkua paha nā haʻalulu e hoʻoulu ai i ka hoʻolohe ʻana o kāu keiki. Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia mau mea i ka ʻili a pili me ka magnetically i nā implants hoʻonoho ʻia. Pili nā mea hoʻopili i ka pepeiao waena a hoʻouna pololei i nā haʻalulu i loko o ka pepeiao o loko.

Koi ʻia nā mea hoʻolohe pepeiao Surgically koi pinepine hoʻōla liʻiliʻi ma ka pūnaewele implantation. Eia nō naʻe, aia paha kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• tinnitus (ke kani nei i nā pepeiao)
• pōʻino nerve a i ʻole ʻeha
• poho lohe
• vertigo
• kulu o ka wai e hoʻopuni ana i ka lolo

Hiki paha i kāu keiki ke piʻi aʻe i ka makaʻu i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi ʻili a puni ka pūnaewele implant.

Ka hopena i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā

Hiki i kekahi mau keiki i hānau ʻia me microtia ke ʻike i ka lilo a piha paha i ka nalo o ka pepeiao i hoʻopilikia ʻia, a hiki ke hoʻopili i ka maikaʻi o ke ola. Hiki i nā keiki me ka hapa liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻolohe ʻana ke hoʻomohala i nā ʻōlelo i ke aʻo ʻana e kamaʻilio.

He paʻakikī paha ka launa ʻana ma muli o ka nalo ʻana o ka pepeiao, akā aia kekahi mau koho i hiki ke kōkua. Pono ka puli i kahi hoʻonohonoho hou aʻe o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka nohona a me nā hoʻoponopono ʻana, akā hiki loa kēia mau mea a hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi nā keiki.

He aha ke kuanaʻike?

Hiki i nā keiki i hānau ʻia me microtia ke alakaʻi i nā ola piha, keu hoʻi me ka mālama kūpono a me nā loli e pono ai ka nohona.

E kamaʻilio me kāu hui mālama ola e pili ana i ka papa hana ʻoi loa nāu a me kāu keiki.