Myasthenia gravis: he aha ia, hōʻailona, ​​hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona kūpono
• Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi
• He aha ke kumu o ka myasthenia gravis
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau
• 1. Nā hoʻoponopono
• 2. Plasmapheresis
• 3. ʻoki kino
• 4. ʻOihana hoʻomaʻamaʻa kino

Myasthenia gravis, a i ʻole myasthenia gravis, he maʻi maʻi autoimmune ia e kumu i ka nāwaliwali o nā mākala holomua, ʻo ka mea maʻamau i nā wahine a hoʻomaka mau ma waena o 20 a 40 mau makahiki. E hoʻomaka koke paha nā ʻōuli o ka myasthenia gravis, akā hoʻomaka pinepine lākou e ʻike a hele a ʻino hoʻi.

Pili nā kumu o ka myasthenia gravis i ka loli o ka ʻōnaehana pale e hoʻouka kaua i nā mea ʻino i kumu no ka kaohi muscle.

KA myasthenia gravis ʻaʻohe ona lapaʻau pono, akā ʻo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa i hoʻololi ʻia i kēlā me kēia hihia, me nā lāʻau lapaʻau kikoʻī a me nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa physiotherapy, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola.

Nā hōʻailona kūpono

ʻO nā ʻōuli mua loa o ka myasthenia gravis:

• Nāwaliwali o ka eyelid a me ka paʻakikī e wehe i nā maka a i ʻole blinking;
• Nāwaliwali o nā mākala maka, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka strabismus a me ka ʻike pālua;
• ʻO ka māluhiluhi nui loa ma hope o ka hoʻoikaika kino a i ʻole hoʻoikaika kino.

Ke holo nei ka maʻi, hōʻino nā hōʻailona a hoʻopili pū ʻia:

• Ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻāʻī o ka ʻāʻī e waiho i ke poʻo e kau ana i mua a i ka ʻaoʻao paha;
• Piʻi i ka piʻi ʻana i ke alapiʻi, hāpai lima ʻana, kākau ʻana;
• Ka paʻakikī i ka ʻōlelo ʻana a me ka ale ʻana i ka meaʻai;
• Nāwaliwali o nā lima a me nā wāwae, ka mea e loli i ka ikaika ma luna o nā hola a me nā lā.

I nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa, aia nō paha ka hōʻino ʻia o nā mākala hanu, kahi ʻano i kapa ʻia he myasthenic crisis, he koʻikoʻi a hiki i ka make ke mālama ʻole ʻia ia i ka haukapila.

Hoʻonui pinepine nā ʻōuli me ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻana o ka mākala i loli ʻia, akā hiki nō ke hana ke ʻike ʻia ʻoe i ka wela, ke kaumaha ʻoe a hopohopo paha, a i ʻole ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau hoʻomake a me nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi

ʻO ka hapanui o nā manawa ke kānalua ke kauka i ka ʻike o myasthenia gravisma o ka loiloi ʻana i nā ʻōuli, ka hoʻokolo kino ʻana a me ke aʻo ʻana i ka mōʻaukala olakino o ke kanaka.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā hoʻokolohua he nui e pale no nā pilikia ʻē aʻe a hōʻoia i ka myasthenia gravis. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ka electroneuromyography, ke kiʻi ʻana i ka resonance ʻume mākeneka, ka tomography i helu ʻia a me nā hoʻokolohua koko.

He aha ke kumu o ka myasthenia gravis

KA myasthenia gravis kumu ia e ka loli o ka ʻōnaehana pale e hoʻonāukiuki i kekahi mau mea ʻino i nā mea loaʻa i loko o nā mākala. Ke hiki kēia, ʻaʻole hiki i ka leka uila ke hele pololei mai nā neurons a i nā olonā i nāʻiʻo a, no laila, ʻaʻole ʻaelike nā mākala, e hōʻike ana i ka nāwaliwali o ka myasthenia.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano lapaʻau e hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola o ke kanaka, kaukaʻi ʻia i nā ʻōuli i hōʻike ʻia. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano i hoʻohana nui ʻia me:

1. Nā hoʻoponopono

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke ʻano hoʻohana maʻamau o ka mālama ʻana, no ka mea, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana, he hopena maikaʻi loa kā lākou. ʻO nā ʻano lāʻau i hoʻohana nui ʻia:

• Nā mea kūpale Cholinesterase, e like me Pyridostigmine: hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hele o ka stimulus uila ma waena o ka neuron a me ka mākala, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o nā mākala a me ka ikaika;
• Corticosteroids, e like me Prednisone: hoʻemi i ka hopena o ka ʻōnaehana pale a, no laila, hiki ke hōʻemi i nā ʻano o nā ʻōuli. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi, no ka mea hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou nā hopena ʻē aʻe;
• Nā Immunosuppressants, e like me Azathioprine a i ʻole Ciclosporin: hoʻemi pū kēia mau lāʻau i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana pale, akā hoʻohana ʻia i nā hihia ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻole nā ​​ʻōuli me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe.

Ma waho aʻe o nā lāʻau lapaʻau waha, hiki i ke kauka ke koi aku i ka hoʻohana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau intravenous, e like me nā monoclonal antibodies, e hoʻemi ana i ka nui o kekahi mau pale pale i ke kino, e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i nā ʻōuli o myasthenia gravis.

2. Plasmapheresis

ʻO Plasmapheresis kahi hoʻomaʻamaʻa, e like me ka dialysis, kahi i lawe ʻia ai ke koko mai ke kino a hele ʻia i loko o kahi mīkini e lawe i nā mea ʻino i hoʻouka ʻia i nā mea loaʻa nā mākala, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke ala o ka uila uila ma waena o nā neurons a me nā mākala nā mākala.

ʻOiai he lāʻau lapaʻau ia me nā hopena maikaʻi, loaʻa pū kekahi i nā pilikia olakino e like me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, nā spasms muscle a ʻo nā hopena maʻi ʻino hoʻi.

3. ʻoki kino

ʻO kahi ʻoki kino kahi lāʻau lapaʻau rarer, akā pono paha ia ke ʻike ʻia kahi tumo i loko o kahi lālā o ka ʻōnaehana pale e hoʻomaka ana i ka hana ʻana i nā mea ʻohola e hoʻoulu i ka myasthenia gravis.

4. ʻOihana hoʻomaʻamaʻa kino

Hōʻike pū ʻia ka kaʻa a me ka physiotherapy respiratory no ka mālama ʻana i ka myasthenia gravis i mea e hoʻoikaika ai i nā mākala, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kaʻina o ka neʻe, ka hanu ʻana a pale i nā maʻi hanu.