Meningeal Tuberculosis

Anter

• Nā kumu weliweli
• Nā ʻōuli
• Pehea e hōʻoia ʻia ai
• Nā pilikia
• Lapaʻau
• Kāohi
• Outlook no ka poʻe me ka maʻi puʻu meningeal

Hōʻike Overview

ʻO ka maʻi palū (TB) he maʻi lele ia, he maʻi lele i pili pinepine i nā akemāmā. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka TB e kahi bacteri i kāhea ʻia Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Inā mālama ʻole ʻia ka maʻi, hiki i nā koʻohune ke hele ma waena o ke kahe o ke koko e maʻi ai i nā mea ʻē aʻe a me nā aʻa.

I kekahi manawa, e huakaʻi ka bacteria i nā meninges, ʻo ia nā membrane e hoʻopuni ana i ka lolo a me ka iwi kuamoo. Hiki i nā meninges i hoʻopili ʻia ke hopena i kahi ʻano hoʻoweliweli e ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he tuberculosis meningeal. ʻO ka maʻi Meningeal tuberculosis kekahi i kapa ʻia he meningitis tubercular a i ʻole meningitis TB.

Nā kumu weliweli

Hiki i ka meningitis TB a me TB ke ulu i nā keiki a me nā mākua o nā makahiki āpau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka makaʻu o ka poʻe me nā pilikia olakino kikoʻī i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia mau ʻano.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ka meningitis TB me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mōʻaukala o:

• HIV / AIDS
• hoʻohana nui i ka waiʻona
• ʻōnaehana pale nawaliwali
• mimikō mellitus

ʻAʻohe loaʻa iki ka meningitis TB ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o nā uku lāʻau hoʻomaʻamaʻa. I nā ʻāina loaʻa haʻahaʻa, hiki i nā keiki ma waena o ka hānau a me 4 mau makahiki ke hoʻomohala i kēia ʻano.

Nā ʻōuli

I ka wā mua, ʻike lohi ka ʻōuli o ka meningitis TB. Ua lilo lākou i mea ʻoi aku ka hewa i loko o kekahi mau pule. I nā wā mua o ka maʻi, hiki i nā ʻōuli ke hoʻopili pū:

• luhi
• malaise
• wela wela

Ke holo nei ka maʻi, e ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o nā ʻōuli. ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau o ka meningitis, e like me ka ʻāʻī ʻoʻoleʻa, ka ʻeha o ke poʻo, a me ka ʻike māmā, ʻaʻole i loaʻa mau i ka tuberculosis meningeal. Ma kahi o, ʻike paha ʻoe i kēia mau ʻōuli:

• fiva
• huikau
• nausea a me ka luaʻi
• lethargy
• ukiuki
• ʻike ʻole

Pehea e hōʻoia ʻia ai

E hana ana kāu kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a nīnau iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau ʻōuli a me ka mōʻaukala.

Kauoha paha kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua hou inā manaʻo lākou he ʻōuli kāu o ka meningitis TB. Pākuʻi ʻia paha kēia mau mea i ka lumbar puncture, i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he spinal tap. E hōʻiliʻili lākou i ka wai mai kāu kolamu iwi a hoʻouna iā ia i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua no ka loiloi e hōʻoia i kou ʻano.

Hiki i nā kauka ʻē aʻe ke hoʻohana e loiloi i kou olakino:

• biopsy o ka meninges
• moʻomeheu koko
• umauma X-ray
• CT scan o ke poʻo
• hoʻāʻo ʻili no ka maʻi kō (PPD hoʻāʻo ʻili)

Nā pilikia

He mea nui nā pilikia o ka meningitis TB, a i kekahi mau manawa hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. Pākuʻi ʻia lākou:

• ka hopu ʻana
• poho lohe
• hoʻonui kaomi i ka lolo
• poino lolo
• hahau
• make

Hiki i ka hoʻonui i ke kaomi i ka lolo ke hana i nā ʻino mau o ka lolo paʻa a hoʻi ʻole. Kāhea koke i kāu kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i nā loli o ka hihiʻo a me nā poʻo hina i ka manawa like. Hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke hoʻonui i ke kaomi i ka lolo.

Lapaʻau

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā lāʻau ʻehā e mālama i ka maʻi TB.

• isoniazid
• rifampin
• pyrazinamide
• ʻemambutol

Hoʻopili pū ka meningitis TB me kēia mau lāʻau like, koe wale no ka etambutol. ʻAʻole komo maikaʻi ʻo Ethambutol ma o ka uhi o ka lolo. ʻO ka fluoroquinolone, e like me ka moxifloxacin a i ʻole ʻo ka levofloxacin, hoʻohana mau ʻia ma kona wahi.

Kau kauka paha i kau kauka steroid ʻōnaehana. E hoʻemi ana nā Steroids i nā pilikia e pili ana i ke ʻano.

Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nui o ka maʻi, hiki ke mālama i nā mahina he 12. I kekahi mau hihia, pono ʻoe i ka lāʻau ma ka haukapila.

Kāohi

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi e pale aku ai i ka meningitis TB he pale aku i nā maʻi TB. I nā kaiāulu kahi maʻa mau ka TB, hiki i ka lāʻau Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi. He kūpono kēia lāʻau no ka kaohi ʻana i nā maʻi TB i nā keiki ʻōpio.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka poʻe me nā maʻi TB nonactive a i ʻole dormant hiki ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi. ʻO nā maʻi nonactive a i ʻole dormant ka wā e hōʻoia ai ke kanaka i ka maikaʻi no ka TB, akā ʻaʻohe ona ʻōuli o ka maʻi. Hiki i ka poʻe me nā maʻi dormant ke hoʻolaha i ka maʻi.

Outlook no ka poʻe me ka maʻi puʻu meningeal

E hilinaʻi kāu maka i ka nui o kāu mau ʻōuli a me kou ʻimi wikiwiki ʻana i ka lāʻau. ʻAe kahi hōʻailona kakahiaka e hāʻawi i kāu kauka e hāʻawi i ka lāʻau. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lāʻau ma mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā pilikia, maikaʻi ka nānā.

ʻO ka nānā aku no ka poʻe hoʻomohala i ka lolo a hōʻeha paha me ka meningitis TB ʻaʻole maikaʻi. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia o ke kaomi i ka lolo e hōʻike ikaika i kahi nānā maikaʻi ʻole no kekahi kanaka. ʻO ka ʻino o ka lolo mai kēia ʻano paʻa a pili i ke olakino no ka wā lōʻihi.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomohala i kēia maʻi i ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa. Pono kāu kauka e nānā iā ʻoe ma hope o kou mālama ʻia ʻana no ka meningitis TB i hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i kahi maʻi hou i ka wā hiki.