Melanonychia
Anter
Hōʻike Overview
ʻO Melanonychia kahi ʻano o nā manamanalima a i ʻole nā manamana wāwae. ʻO Melanonychia ke loaʻa nā laina ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha i kou mau kui. ʻO ka decolorization ka mea maʻa mau i kahi aho e hoʻomaka ma ka lalo o kou moena kui a hoʻomau i ka luna. Aia paha i loko o hoʻokahi kui a i ʻole kekahi. Hiki i kēia mau laina ke lilo i hanana kūlohelohe inā he ʻeleʻele kou helehelena.
He kumu ʻole ke kumu, pono mau ʻoe i ke kauka e hōʻoia i kekahi melanonychia. ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki i kekahi manawa ke hōʻailona o nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe. Kāhea ʻia ʻo Melanonychia melanonychia striata a i ʻole melanonychia longitudinal.
Nā ʻano melanonychia
Aia he ʻano ākea melanonychia:
- Hoʻoikaika Melanocytic. Hoʻonui kēia ʻano i ka hana a me nā waihona o melanin i kou kui, akā ʻaʻole ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā hunaola pigment.
- Melanocytic hyperplasia. Hoʻonui kēia ʻano i ka helu o nā hunaola pigment i loko o kou moena kui.
Nā Kumu
ʻO nā kui o kou manamana wāwae a me nā manamana lima paha he translucent a ʻaʻole i pigment. Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Melanonychia ke lawe ʻia nā hunaola pigment, i kapa ʻia he melanocytes, e waiho i ka melanin i ke kui. ʻO Melanin kahi pigment kala ʻeleʻele. Hoʻohui pū ʻia kēia mau waihona. I ka ulu ʻana o kou kui, kumu ia i ka ʻalani o ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha e puka i kou kui. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia waihona melanin e nā hana mua ʻelua. He mau kumu ʻokoʻa ko kēia mau kaʻina hana.
Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻoulu ʻana o melanocytic e:
- hāpai keiki
- nā loli lāhui
- ʻehaʻeha
- maʻi maʻi tunnel carpal
- nahu kui
- deformity i kou wāwae e hoʻonāukiuki ai me kou mau kāmaʻa
- maʻi kīnā
- lichen planus
- psoriasis
- amyloidosis
- warts viral
- maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili
- Maʻi ʻo Addison
- Cushing maʻi maʻi
- hyperthyroidism
- ulu pono ka hormone
- paulele kiʻi
- hao nui loa
- lupus
- HIV
- phototherapy
- Hōʻike X-ray
- lāʻau antimalaria
- lāʻau chemotherapy
Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Melanocytic hyperplasia e:
- lesions (maʻamau benign)
- mole a i ʻole nā hānau hānau (maʻa mau)
- maʻi ʻaʻai o ke kui
ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe o melanonychia ma ʻō aku o nā ʻano mua ʻelua e komo pū paha:
- kekahi bacteria
- paka
- kala lauoho
- nitrate kālā
- henna
ʻO ka poʻe o ka moʻokūʻauhau ʻApelika e ʻike paha i ka melanonychia.
Nā koho lapaʻau
Hoʻololi ka lāʻau no melanonychia i ke kumu. Inā he kumu maikaʻi kou melanonychia a noncancerous, a laila i nā manawa he nui, ʻaʻohe mālama e pono ai. Inā hoʻokumu ʻia kāu melanonychia e ka lāʻau, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻololi i kāu lāʻau a i ʻole ke oki paha ʻoe i ka lawe ʻana i kahi manawa, inā hiki. No nā lāʻau i hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke kāpae i ka lawe ʻana, melanonychia e lilo i hopena ʻaoʻao nou e maʻa. Pili nā koho lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i ke kumu a komo pū paha:
- ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic a i ʻole nā lāʻau antifungal, inā ʻo ka maʻi ke kumu
- ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi a i ʻole ke ʻano olakino ke kumu o ka melanonychia
Inā kolohe paha kāu melanonychia a i ʻole maʻi ʻaʻai, a laila pono e hoʻopau loa i ka tumo a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka manaʻo paha e nalo ʻoe i nā mea āpau a ʻāpana paha o kou kui. I kekahi mau hihia, pono e ʻoki ʻia ka manamana a i ʻole ka manamana wāwae i loaʻa ka tumo.
Kānāwai
Loaʻa kahi hōʻailona o melanonychia ma hope o ke kaʻina o nā hōʻoia diagnostics a me nā hoʻokolohua. E hoʻomaka kāu kauka me kahi hoʻokolohua kino o kou mau manamana lima a me nā manamana wāwae. Aia i loko o kēia hoʻokolohua kino ke nānā inā hana hewa ʻia kou kui i kekahi ʻano, ehia mau kui i loaʻa melanonychia, a me ke kala, ke ʻano, a me ka nui o kāu melanonychia. E nānā pū kāu kauka i kāu mōʻaukala olakino e ʻike ai inā he ʻano olakino kāu e hoʻoulu ai i ka melanonychia.
ʻO ka hana hou i ka hōʻoia he dermatoscopic nīnau e hoʻohana ana i kahi ʻano kikoʻī o microscope e nānā pono ai i nā wahi i pena ʻia. E nānā nui kāu kauka no nā hōʻailona e kolohe ai kāu melanonychia. ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka melanoma kui hiki ke:
- ma kahi o ʻelua hapakolu o ka pā kui ka loli
- ʻeleʻele pigmentation i kūpono ʻole
- ʻeleʻele a hina hina kala me ka brown
- pigmentation nānā granular
- deformity o ke kui
Ma waho o ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hōʻailona o kahi melanoma hiki, e hui pū kāu kauka i nā mea i loaʻa mai ka dermoscopy a me ka hoʻokolohua kino e hoʻoholo ai i ke ʻano a me ke kumu o kāu melanonychia.
Ma hope o kēia mau ʻanuʻu ʻelua, hana paha kāu kauka i kahi biopsy o kou kui. Lawe kahi biopsy i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o kou kui a me nā mea kui no ka nānā ʻana. E hana ʻia kēia ʻanuʻu i ka hapanui o nā hihia o melanonychia ke ʻole nā hōʻailona kūpono o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO kahi biopsy kahi hana nui i ke kuhi o melanonychia no ka mea e haʻi ia i kāu kauka me ka maopopo inā he maʻi maikaʻi ʻole paha ia.
Nā pilikia
ʻO nā pilikia kūpono o ka melanonychia e komo pū me ka maʻi ʻaʻai kui, ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe ma lalo o ke kui, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kou kui, a me ka hemahema o kou kui. Hiki i ke biopsy kui ke hana i ka deformity kui no ka mea hemo ia i kahi ʻāpana o ke kui.
Outlook
ʻO ka nānā no ka hapa nui o ka melanonychia benign maikaʻi, a ma ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole pono ka lapaʻau. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole e hele wale iā ia iho.
ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka maka o ka melanonychia malignant. Pono kēia kūlana i ka hemo ʻana o ka tumo i komo pū paha me ka ʻoki ʻana o kou manamana lima a me kou manamanalima. ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ke kui e hoʻopapa nei e hopu i nā pae mua ma muli o ka like o ke kumu o ka melanonychia. Ua loaʻa i kahi noiʻi ka hana ʻana i kahi biopsy ma ka hapanui o ka melanonychia ke ala ʻoi loa e loaʻa ai ka ʻike ma mua.
KaʻAna
Hōʻike antigen histocompatibility