Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka waiū maikaʻi ma hope o ka lā pau?

Anter

• He aha ka lā o kou waiū?
• Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka palekana o ka waiū ma hope o ka lā pau?
• Nā ala e hoʻolōʻihi ai i kou waiū
• Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻike inā palekana ka waiū i ka inu?
• Nā hopena hopena o ka inu ʻana i ka waiū pau
• Ke laina lalo

Wahi a ka National Science Foundation (NSF), ua hōʻike ʻo 78% o nā mea kūʻai i ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka waiū a me nā huahana waiū ʻē aʻe i ka hala ʻana o ka lā ma ka lepili (1).

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka lā ma kāu waiū i ka palekana o ka inu hou ʻana. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka hapa nui o nā waiū i kekahi mau lā i hala ka lā i paʻi ʻia ma ka lepili.

Hōʻike kēia ʻatikala i ke ʻano o ka lā ma kāu waiū a me ka lōʻihi o ka palekana o ka waiū ma hope o ka lā i paʻi ʻia.

He aha ka lā o kou waiū?

Huikau ka lā i ka lepili ʻana i nā meaʻai no kahi kokoke i 20% o nā ʻōpala meaʻai mea kūʻai ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ().

ʻO ka mea nui kēia no ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻoponopono ka Food and Drug Administration (FDA) i ka lā lepili ʻana o nā huahana meaʻai, me ka ʻokoʻa o ke ʻano pēpē (, 3).

Hoʻoponopono kekahi mau mokuʻāina inā a pehea e hōʻailona ʻia ai nā lā palena ma ka waiū, akā ʻokoʻa kēia mau rula ma waena o nā mokuʻāina (4).

ʻO kēia ke ʻike paha ʻoe i kekahi mau lā o kāu pahu waiū - ʻaʻohe o lākou e hōʻike i ka palekana o ka meaʻai (3):

• ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā hoʻohana ʻia e. Hōʻike kēia lā i ka wā e hoʻopau ai i ka waiū no ka mea ʻoi loa.
• Kūʻai e. Hiki i kēia lā ke kōkua i nā hale kūʻai me ka mālama ʻana i nā papa inoa, ʻoiai e haʻi ana i ka wā e kūʻai aku ai i ka waiū e hōʻoia i ke ʻano ʻoi loa.
• Hoʻohana ʻia e. ʻO kēia lā ka lā hope loa hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i ka huahana ma ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

No laila, hiki i ka lā i paʻi ʻia ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi manaʻo o ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ke emi o ka maikaʻi. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e pau kāu waiū a palekana ʻole e inu koke ma hope o kēlā lā.

ʻAʻole koi ka FDA i nā mea hana e paʻi i kahi lā palena pau i ka waiū. Ma kahi o, ʻike pinepine ʻoe i kahi lā "hoʻohana e" a i ʻole "kūʻai aku e", kahi ʻōlelo e pili ana i ka maikaʻi, ʻaʻole pono ka palekana.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka palekana o ka waiū ma hope o ka lā pau?

Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka waiū i kūʻai ʻia mai ka hale kūʻai mai ua pasteurized (5).

ʻO ka pasteurization kahi hana e pili ana i ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka waiū e luku ai i nā koʻohune hiki ke hōʻino ʻia, e like me E. coli, Listeria, a Salmonella. I ka hana ʻana i kēia, hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ke ola o ka waiū e 2-3 mau pule (, 7).

Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i ka pasteurization ke pepehi i nā koʻohune āpau, a ʻo nā mea i koe e hoʻomau i ka ulu, a laila e hōʻino ana i ka waiū ().

Ua ʻike ʻia hoʻokahi noiʻi ua pili ka mahana i kāu pahu hau i ka lōʻihi o ka noho maikaʻi o kāu waiū ma mua o ka lā i helu ʻia. Ma ka hoʻēmi wale ʻana i ka mahana o ka pahu hau mai 43 ° F (6 ° C) a i 39 ° F (4 ° C), hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ke ola papa i nā lā 9 ().

ʻOiai ʻaʻohe ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, hōʻike ka hapa nui o ka noiʻi inā lōʻihi e mālama pono ʻia, mālama maikaʻi ka waiū wehe ʻole ʻia no 5-7 mau lā i hala o kāna lā i helu ʻia, ʻoiai ʻo ka waiū i wehe ʻia he 2-3 mau lā i hala i kēia lā (3, , 9).

Inā ʻaʻole paʻa ka waiū, ʻaʻole pono e waiho ʻia i ka mahana wela o ka lumi ma mua o 2 mau hola, no ka mea hoʻonui kēia i kou makaʻi i ka maʻi hānau (3).

I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻaʻole i pasteurized ka waiū maka a he pōkole kona ola. ʻO ka inu ʻana i kēia ʻano hiki ke hoʻonui i kou makaʻu i ka maʻi hānau (().

ʻO ka hope, aia ka waiū unrefrigerated, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ka shelf-stable a i ʻole ka waiū aseptic, i hana ʻia me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ultra-heat (UHT). Ua like ka UHT me ka pasteurization akā hoʻohana i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, e palekana ana i nā huahana waiū wehe ʻole ʻia e mālama ai i ka mahana wela ().

Wehe ʻole ʻia, hiki i ka waiū UHT ke hala ma hope o 2 mau hebedoma i hala i ka lā i paʻi ʻia inā mālama ʻia i loko o kahi hale hoʻoluʻu, maloʻo maloʻo, a i 1-2 mau mahina i loko o ka pahu hau. Eia nō naʻe, i ka manawa i wehe ʻia, pono e mālama ʻia ka waiū UHT i loko o ka pahu hau a hoʻopau ʻia i loko o 7-10 mau lā (9).

ʻOiaʻiʻo, me ka nānā ʻole i ka lā i helu ʻia, he mea nui mau ia e nānā mua i kāu waiū no nā hōʻailona o ka hōʻino ʻana, e like me ka ʻaʻawaʻawa a i ʻole hoʻololi i ke ʻano.

Nā ala e hoʻolōʻihi ai i kou waiū

Maikaʻi paha ka waiū no nā lā he nui ma hope o ka lā kūʻai aku. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopau mau me ka waiū hōʻino inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e mālama a mālama pono iā ia.

Eia kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i kāu waiū mai ka luku koke ʻana (13):

• ke ʻole ʻo ia e paʻa paʻa, waiho i ka waiū i loko o ka pahu hau i ka wā hiki ke kūʻai ʻia
• mālama i kāu pahu hau i waena o 38 ° F (3 ° C) a me 40 ° F (4 ° C)
• e mālama i ka waiū ma kahi paʻa o loko o kāu pahu hau ma mua o ka pahu ma ka puka
• ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana, paʻa mau i ka sila a hoʻi koke i ka pahu i ka pahu hau

ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka waiū a hiki i 3 mau mahina, hiki i ka hau a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ma hope ke hoʻololi i nā loli hou ʻole i ke ʻano a me ke kala. ʻ saidlelo ʻia, e palekana ia e inu (14).

ʻOiai ma hope o ka wehe ʻana, palekana ka hapa nui o ka waiū no nā lā he nui i hala o ka hoʻohana a i ʻole ka lā kūʻai aku. Hiki i ka mālama kūpono a me ka lawelawe ʻana ke kōkua iā ia e noho hou a palekana no ka lōʻihi. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui mau ke nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka hōʻino ma mua o ka inu ʻana.

Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻike inā palekana ka waiū i ka inu?

E like me ka lā ma kāu waiū ʻaʻole hōʻike mau i ka palekana, ʻo ke ala ʻoi loa e haʻi inā maikaʻi ka waiū e inu ʻia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kāu ʻike.

ʻO kekahi o nā hōʻailona mua o ka pau ʻana o kāu waiū, ʻo ia ka hoʻololi o ka pilau.

ʻO ka waiū Spoiled kahi ʻala kawa ʻokoʻa, i pili i ka lactic acid i hana ʻia e nā bacteria. ʻO nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o ka hōʻino ʻia me kahi kala melemele iki a me ka puʻupuʻu lumpy (15).

ʻO nā hōʻailona i hōʻino ʻia kāu waiū a ʻaʻole palekana paha e inu pū me kahi ʻala kawa a me ka ʻono, hoʻololi i ke kala, a me ka ʻano lumpy.

Nā hopena hopena o ka inu ʻana i ka waiū pau

ʻO ka inu ʻana i kahi mīkī a i ʻole ʻelua o ka waiū i hōʻino ʻia ʻaʻole paha e hoʻokumu i nā hopena ʻē aʻe.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea kaulike a nui paha ke kumu i ka lāʻau make a hopena i nā ʻōuli e like me ka nausea, ka luaʻi, ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, a me ka palahī ().

Inā hoʻomau a wī paha nā ʻōuli, a i ʻole inā hoʻomaka ʻoe e ʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka make wai, he mea nui ia e hana i kahi manawa me kāu kauka ().

ʻOiai ʻaʻole paha he mea ʻino ka inu ʻana o ka waiū momona i hiki ke hōʻeha ʻia, ʻo ka inu ʻona ʻana a hiki i ka nui e hiki ai ke hōʻona i ka meaʻai a hopena i nā ʻōuli e like me ka luaʻi, ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, a me ka diarrhea.

Ke laina lalo

Ma muli o ka huikau ma ka lepili ʻana i nā pahu waiū, nui nā mea kūʻai aku hoʻolei i ka waiū ma mua o ka maikaʻi ʻole.

ʻOiai he mea nui mau ka nānā ʻana i kāu waiū ma mua o ka inu ʻana iā ia, palekana ka hapa nui o nā waiū i nā lā he nui ma hope o ka lā i paʻi ʻia ma ka lepili. ʻLelo ʻia, hoʻomaka paha ke ʻono o ka ʻono.

I mea e hōʻalo ai i ka ʻōpala o ka meaʻai, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka waiū kahiko i nā pancake, nā mea i hoʻomoʻa ʻia, a i nā sopa.