ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau HIV / AIDS

Anter

• Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo
• He aha ka maʻi HIV / AIDS?
• He aha ka antiretroviral therapy (ART)?
• Pehea e hana ai nā lāʻau HIV / AIDS?
• He aha nā ʻano o nā lāʻau HIV / AIDS?
• Āhea wau e pono ai e hoʻomaka i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau HIV / AIDS?
• He aha hou aʻe kaʻu e pono ai e ʻike e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau HIV / AIDS?
• He aha nā lāʻau HIV PrEP a me PEP?

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo

He aha ka maʻi HIV / AIDS?

Kū ka maʻi HIV no ka maʻi pale maʻi kanaka. Hoʻopilikia ia i kāu ʻōnaehana pale maʻi i ka luku ʻana i nā hunaola CD4. ʻO kēia kahi ʻano o nā hunaola keʻokeʻo e hakakā i ka maʻi. ʻO ka lilo ʻana o kēia mau huna i mea paʻakikī i kou kino e hakakā aku i nā maʻi a me kekahi mau maʻi maʻi e pili ana i ka maʻi HIV.

Me ka ʻole o ka mālama ʻana, hiki i ka maʻi HIV ke hoʻopau mālie i ka ʻōnaehana pale a hele i mua i ka maʻi SIDA. Kū ka maʻi ʻaʻai no ka maʻi maʻi i loaʻa.ʻO ia ke kahua hope loa o ka maʻi me ka maʻi HIV. ʻAʻole nā ​​kānaka āpau me HIV e hoʻomōhala i ka maʻi AIDS.

He aha ka antiretroviral therapy (ART)?

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi HIV / AIDS me nā lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo antiretroviral therapy (ART). Paipai ʻia no kēlā me kēia mea i loaʻa i ka maʻi HIV. ʻAʻole hoola nā lāʻau i ka maʻi HIV, akā hana lākou ia mea i kahi maʻi mau. Hoʻoemi lākou i ka makaʻi o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka maʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

Pehea e hana ai nā lāʻau HIV / AIDS?

Hoʻemi nā lāʻau HIV / AIDS i ka nui o ka maʻi HIV (viral load) i kou kino, ka mea e kōkua ai

• Ke hāʻawi nei i kāu ʻōnaehana pale manawa i ke ola. ʻOiai ke waiho nei kekahi maʻi HIV i kou kino, pono ka ikaika o kou ʻōnaehana pale pale e pale aku i nā maʻi a me kekahi mau maʻi maʻi e pili ana i ka maʻi HIV.
• Ke hōʻemi nei i ka makaʻu e hoʻolaha ai ʻoe i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i HIV

He aha nā ʻano o nā lāʻau HIV / AIDS?

Aia kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole o nā lāʻau HIV / AIDS. Hana kekahi ma ka pale ʻana a hoʻololi ʻana paha i nā enzyme e pono ai i ka HIV e hana kope iā ia iho. Pale kēia iā HIV mai ke kope ʻana iā ia iho, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ka nui o ka maʻi HIV i loko o ke kino. Hana kekahi mau lāʻau i kēia:

• Nucleoside hoʻohuli transcriptase nā mea kāohi (NRTI) ālai i kahi enzyme i kapa ʻia ʻo reverse transcriptase
• Nā mea kūpale hoʻohuli transcriptase non-nucleoside (NNRTI) hoʻopaʻa iā a ma hope hoʻololi i hope transcriptase
• Nā mea hoʻopili hoʻohui hoʻohui palaka i kahi ʻākena i kapa ʻia ʻo integrase
• Nā mea hoʻopalapula Protease (PIs) ālai i kahi enzyme i kapa ʻia ʻo protease

Hoʻopilikia kekahi mau lāʻau HIV / AIDS i ka hiki i ka maʻi HIV ke hoʻopili i nā keena ʻōnaehana CD4:

• Nā mea hoʻopili kuʻi ālai i ka maʻi HIV mai ke komo ʻana i nā hunaola
• Nā CC antagonists CCR5 a me nā mea hoʻopaʻa hope hoʻopili ālai i nā mole ʻokoʻa i nā hunaola CD4. E hoʻopili i kahi hunaola, pono ʻo HIV e hoʻopili i ʻelua mau mole i ka ʻili o ka cell. ʻO ka pale ʻana i kekahi o kēia mau mole i pale i ke komo ʻana o ka maʻi HIV i nā hunaola.
• Nā mea kāohi āpau hoʻopaʻa i kahi protein kikoʻī ma waho o ka maʻi HIV. Pale kēia i ke komo ʻana o ka maʻi HIV.

I kekahi mau hihia, lawe nā kānaka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o hoʻokahi:

• ʻO nā mea hoʻonui i ka Pharmacokinetic hoʻonui i ka maikaʻi o kekahi mau lāʻau HIV / AIDS. Hoʻonui ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa pharmacokinetic i ka haki o ka lāʻau ʻē aʻe. ʻAe kēia i ka lāʻau e noho lōʻihi i ke kino i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
• Hoʻohui Multidrug e hui pū me kahi hui ʻelua a ʻoi aku paha o nā lāʻau lapaʻau HIV / AIDS

Āhea wau e pono ai e hoʻomaka i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau HIV / AIDS?

He mea nui e hoʻomaka i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau HIV / AIDS i ka wā e hiki ai ma hope o kāu kuhi, keu hoʻi inā ʻoe

• Hāpai lākou
• Loaʻa iā AIDS
• Loaʻa i kekahi mau maʻi e pili ana i ka maʻi HIV
• Loaʻa i kahi maʻi HIV ma mua (ʻo 6 mau mahina mua ma hope o ka maʻi me ka maʻi HIV)

He aha hou aʻe kaʻu e pono ai e ʻike e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau HIV / AIDS?

He mea nui e lawe i kāu mau lāʻau i kēlā me kēia lā, e like me nā ʻōkuhi mai kāu kauka olakino. Inā haʻalele ʻoe i nā lāʻau a ʻaʻole ʻoe e hāhai i kahi papa manawa maʻamau, ʻaʻole e holo pono paha kāu hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, a lilo paha ka maʻi maʻi HIV i nā lāʻau.

Hiki i nā lāʻau HIV ke hōʻeha i nā hopena. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka hapa nui o kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao, akā hiki i kekahi mau mea ke koʻikoʻi. E haʻi i kāu mea mālama ola e pili ana i nā hopena āpau āu e loaʻa nei. Mai hōʻoki i ka lawe ʻana i kāu lāʻau me ke kamaʻilio mua ʻole ʻana i kāu mea hāʻawi. Hāʻawi paha ʻo ia iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i ka hopena o ka hopena. I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻoholo paha kāu mea hāʻawi e hoʻololi i kāu lāʻau.

He aha nā lāʻau HIV PrEP a me PEP?

ʻAʻole hoʻohana wale ʻia nā lāʻau HIV no ka mālama ʻana. Lawe kekahi poʻe iā lākou e pale aku i ka maʻi HIV. ʻO ka PrEP (prophylaxis pre-exposed) no ka poʻe ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka maʻi HIV akā aia i ka makaʻu nui loa i ka loaʻa ʻana. ʻO ka PEP (prophylaxis post-exposed) no ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia i ka maʻi HIV.

NIH: Keena o ka ʻimi noiʻi ʻo AIDS