Hypoparathyroidism: he aha ia, nā ʻōuli a me nā lāʻau

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau
• Nā kumu kūpono o ka hypoparathyroidism
• Nā kumu o ka hypoparathyroidism mua
• Nā kumu o ka hypoparathyroidism lua
• Nā kumu o pseudohypoparathyroidism

ʻO ka Hypoparathyroidism e pili ana i kahi maʻi o nā maʻi, a i ʻole nā ​​hanana, e alakaʻi ai i kahi hoʻemi o ka hana o ka hormone PTH, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo parathormone.

Hana ʻia kēia hormone e nā parathyroid glands, ʻo ia nā 4 glands liʻiliʻi ma hope o ka thyroid a he hormone nui ia, me ka huaola D, mālama i nā pae calcium i loko o ke koko.

No laila, ke loaʻa ka hemahema o ka PTH i ke kino, he mea maʻamau ka nānā ʻana i ka emi o nā pae o ka calcium i loko o ke koko, i ʻike ʻia ʻo hypocalcemia, i hiki ke hana i nā hōʻailona e like me ka nāwaliwali, nā spasms muscle, nā hoʻololi i nā iwi, nā pilikia neurological a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia puʻuwai. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka hypocalcemia a me nā mea e hiki ai ke kumu.

Nā hōʻailona nui

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka hypoparathyroidism e pili nui i nā pilikia i ka hana ʻole o PTH. No laila, kekahi o nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli e kū aʻe i loko:

• Ikaika nā mākala ikaika;
• Nāʻi ʻeleʻele;
• Nāwaliwali o nā mākala a ʻeha paha;
• Ka hopu ʻana ākea;
• Palpitations puʻuwai

No ka mea ʻo PTH ka hormone hoʻoponopono-kalima, ke lawa ʻole ka PTH, hiki ʻole ke omo pono ʻia ka puna i loko o ka ʻōpū a hoʻopau ʻia i ka mimi, a hiki i nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka calcium i loko o ke koko a i ʻole hypocalcemia.

Pili ka ikaika o nā ʻōuli i ke koʻikoʻi a me ka wikiwiki o ka nalo ʻana o nā pae calcium. ʻO nā mea maʻi he nui me ka hypoparathyroidism he asymptomat, a he mau ʻōuli wale nō ke makemake ʻia no ka nui o ka calcium i loko o ke kino, e like me ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana, ka hānai ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau e hōʻemi i ka calcium.

I nā hihia maʻamau a akahai hoʻi, ʻaʻohe paha hōʻailona, ​​a ʻike wale ʻia ka maʻi i nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau, a i ʻole he mau ʻōuli mālie paha e like me ke kani a me ka ʻole o ka sensation i nā wāwae, nā lima a i ʻole ka waha.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka hypoparathyroidism ke kumu nui o ka kaohi ʻana i ka emi ʻana o ka calcium i ke kino, a pono e alakaʻi ʻia e ka endocrinologist e like me ke kumu, ka paʻakikī, nā ʻōuli a me nā pae calcium o ke koko.

Ke haʻahaʻa loa ka pae o ka calcium, ma lalo o 7.5mg / dl, ʻike ʻia ka hypocalcemia koʻikoʻi, a i kēia mau hihia, pono ka mālama ʻana i ka haukapila, me ke kūpina o ka calcium i ka aa, me ka calcium gluconate.

Ke akahai a me ka hoʻomau o ka hypocalcemia, ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka calcium a me ka wikamina D ma ka waha. Kōkua ka Magnesium i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hana o PTH a, no laila, hiki ke lilo i ke kūpono, keu hoʻi ke haʻahaʻa hoʻi kona mau pae. ʻO nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe, e like me nā diuretics thiazide a i ʻole ke kūapo ʻana o PTH recombinant, e ʻōlelo ʻia e ka endocrinologist, e like me kēlā me kēia hihia.

Nā kumu kūpono o ka hypoparathyroidism

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hypoparathyroidism i 2 ʻano nui, kaukaʻi ʻia i nā kumu e alakaʻi ai i ka hana ʻole o PTH:

• ʻO hypoparathyroidism kumu: loaʻa ke hana ʻole ʻia ka hana o PTH no ka mea he pilikia ko nā aʻa a i ʻole ua hemo ʻia.
• ʻO hypoparathyroidism lua: ʻo ia ke hoʻonāukiuki i kekahi mea hoʻonāukiuki ʻē aʻe, e like me ka magnesium haʻahaʻa, e hana i nā glands e hana i ka liʻiliʻi PTH me ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi pilikia i loko o lākou.

Aia kekahi hihia ʻekolu, i kapa ʻia ʻo pseudo-hypoparathyroidism, i loko o nā maʻi hoʻoilina, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hele i loko o nā ʻohana, mai nā mākua a hiki i nā keiki, a hoʻonui i ke kūpaʻa i nā ʻokena kahi e hana ai ka hormone. No laila, ʻaʻole hiki i ka hormone ke hana i kāna hana ʻoiai ke hua ʻia nei i ka nui e nā gland parathyroid.

Nā kumu o ka hypoparathyroidism mua

Hana ʻia kēia ʻano i ka hapa nui o ka manawa ma muli o ka hemo ʻana o nā gland parathyroid, i nā hihia o ka mālama ʻana i ka hyperparathyroidism, no ka laʻana, akā hiki ke hana ʻia ma muli o ka hōʻeha pōʻino ʻia i nā gland parathyroid. Hana ʻia kēia hihia ke hana ʻia ke kaha ma ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻāʻī, ʻo ia hoʻi ka thyroid, no ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā nodule. ʻOiai kokoke loa nā hale a liʻiliʻi loa nā glands, paʻakikī i kekahi manawa e ʻike a hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai ke koena o nā hale. E hōʻoia inā pono ka hemo ʻana o ka thyroid a pehea ke ola ʻana.

Nā kumu o ka hypoparathyroidism lua

Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano hypoparathyroidism e kahi deficit magnesium hoʻomau.

ʻOiai hiki i kahi magnesium haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hana o PTH, ke haʻahaʻa loa ka magnesium, a no kahi manawa lōʻihi, hoʻouna ia i kahi leka i ka parathyroid e hana ʻole i ka nui o PTH a hoʻolilo mau i nā mea i ka hormone, no laila hiki ʻole ke hana, ke kumu o ka hypoparathyroidism.

Nā kumu o pseudohypoparathyroidism

ʻO Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism e pili ana i kahi o nā maʻi kahi e hoʻololi ai nā genetics, ka hoʻoilina maʻamau, e lilo i mea ʻole o ke kino i ka hana o PTH. Aia he 3 ʻano pseudohypoparathyroidism, kaukaʻi ʻia inā pili lākou i kekahi maʻi laha ʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo ka osteodystrophy hoʻoilina a Albright a me ke ʻano o ke kūʻē ʻo PTH i kumu ʻia.

I ka pane ʻana i ka hemahema o ka hana o PTH, hoʻonui ka nui o nā glands a hoʻāʻo e hana i nā PTH hou aʻe, me nā pae PTH maʻamau a kiʻekiʻe paha i ke koko, akā ʻaʻole hiki i kēia PTH ke hana. No laila, like ke kiʻi maʻi me ka hypoparathyroidism, me he mea lā ʻaʻohe i loaʻa ka hormone. No laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia he hypoparathyroidism maʻamau, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he maʻamau a piʻi aʻe paha nā pae PTH e kahe ana, a laila kapa ʻia ʻo pseudo-hypoparathyroidism, ʻo ia hoʻi "like me hypoparathyroidism".