ʻO Autism e hana kiʻekiʻe ana

Anter

• He aha ka autism hana kiʻekiʻe?
• He ʻokoʻa anei mai ka Asperger's Syndrome?
• He aha nā pae o ka autism?
• Pehea e hoʻoholo ai i nā pae ASD?
• Pehea e mālama ʻia ai nā pae ʻokoʻa?
• Ke laina lalo

He aha ka autism hana kiʻekiʻe?

ʻO ka autism hana kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻole ia he hōʻoia olakino kūhelu. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e kuhikuhi i ka poʻe me ka maʻi autism spectrum nāna e heluhelu, kākau, ʻōlelo, a mālama i nā mākau ola me ka ʻole o ke kōkua nui.

ʻO Autism kahi maʻi neurodevelopmental i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e nā paʻakikī me ka launa pū ʻana a me ka kamaʻilio. ʻO kona mau ʻōuli mai ka mālie a i ke koʻikoʻi. ʻO kēia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ka autism ma ke ʻano he maʻi maʻi autism (ASD). Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka autism hana kiʻekiʻe e kuhikuhi i kēlā mau mea ma ka welelau o ka pae.

E heluhelu e aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka autism hana kiʻekiʻe a me nā pae luna o ka autism.

He ʻokoʻa anei mai ka Asperger's Syndrome?

A hiki i nā loiloi o kēia manawa i ka Diagnostic and Statistics Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM), kahi kūlana i ʻike ʻia ʻo Asperger's syndrome i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he kūlana kūʻokoʻa. ʻO ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia me ko Asperger Syndrome he mau ʻōuli like ʻole me ka autism me ka ʻole o ka lohi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻōlelo, ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo, ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mākau kōkua pilikino pono kūpono, ka hana adaptive, a me ka hoihoi e pili ana i ke kaiapuni. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o kā lākou mau ʻōuli a emi iki paha ka hopena i ko lākou ola i kēlā me kēia lā.

Manaʻo kekahi poʻe i nā kūlana ʻelua he mea like, ʻoiai ʻo autism kiʻekiʻe-functioning ʻaʻole ia he kūlana kūlana. I ka wā i lilo ai ka autism i ASD, ua hoʻopau ʻia nā maʻi neurodevelopmental ʻē aʻe, me Asperger's Syndrome, mai ka DSM-5. Ma ka hakahaka, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka autism e ka paʻakikī a hiki ke hele pū me nā hōʻino ʻē aʻe.

He aha nā pae o ka autism?

Mālama ka ʻAmelika Psychiatric Association (APA) i kahi papa inoa o nā maʻi a me nā kūlana i ʻike ʻia. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka Manual Diagnostic a me Statistics o nā Mental Disorder no nā makahiki he nui e kōkua ai i nā kauka e hoʻohālikelike i nā hōʻailona a hana i nā diagnoses. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka mana hou loa, ʻo DSM-5, i ka makahiki 2013. Hoʻohui kēia mana i nā kūlana pili i ka autism ma lalo o hoʻokahi kau malu - ASD.

I kēia lā, ua mahele ʻia ʻo ASD i ʻekolu mau pae e hōʻike ana i ka paʻakikī:

• Papa 1. ʻO kēia ka pae akahai o ASD. Loaʻa nā kānaka ma kēia pae i nā ʻōuli akahai ʻaʻole hoʻopili nui i ka hana, ke kula, a me nā pilina. ʻO kēia ka mea e kuhikuhi nei ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ke hoʻohana lākou i nā huaʻōlelo autism high-functioning a i ʻole Asperger's Syndrome.
• Papa 2. Koi ʻia nā kākoʻo o ka poʻe ma kēia pae, e like me ka haʻiʻōlelo a i ʻole ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mākau kaiaulu.
• Papa 3. ʻO kēia ka pae ʻoi loa o ka ASD. Koi ʻia ka poʻe i kēia pae i ke kākoʻo nui, e like me nā kōkua kōkua manawa piha a i ʻole ka lāʻau hoʻomāinoino ikaika i kekahi mau hihia.

Pehea e hoʻoholo ai i nā pae ASD?

ʻAʻohe hōʻike hoʻokahi no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā pae ASD. Ma kahi o, e hoʻolilo ke kauka a psychologist paha i kahi manawa he nui e kamaʻilio pū me kekahi a me ka nānā ʻana i kā lākou ʻano e loaʻa ai kahi manaʻo maikaʻi loa no kā lākou:

• hoʻomohala waha a me ka naʻau
• nā pono kaiaulu a me ka naʻau
• hiki ʻole i ke kamaʻilio kamaʻilio ʻole

E hoʻāʻo nō hoʻi lākou e ana i ka hiki i kekahi ke hana a mālama i nā pilina kūpono me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻo ASD e like me ka. Eia nō naʻe, nui o nā keiki, a ʻo kekahi poʻe mākua paha, ʻaʻole paha e ʻike ʻia a hiki i ka wā ma hope. Ke ʻike ʻia i ka wā ma hope hiki ke paʻakikī i ka lāʻau. Inā manaʻo ʻoe a ʻo kāu keiki pediatric paha he ASD kā lākou, e noʻonoʻo e hana i kahi manawa me kahi loea ASD. ʻO ka hui nonprofit ʻo Autism Speaks kahi mea hana e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e loaʻa nā kumuwaiwai i kou mokuʻāina.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai nā pae ʻokoʻa?

ʻAʻole nā ​​manaʻo lapaʻau maʻamau no nā pae ʻokoʻa o ASD. Pili ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōuli ʻokoʻa o kēlā me kēia kanaka. Pono paha ka poʻe me nā pae ʻokoʻa o ka ASD i nā ʻano like o ka mālama ʻana, akā ʻo ka poʻe me ka pae 2 a i ʻole pae 3 ASD e pono e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mālama ʻana, ka wā lōʻihi ma mua o ka poʻe me ka ASD pae 1.

Loaʻa i nā ʻano hana like ASD:

• ʻ .lelo haʻi ʻōlelo. Hiki i ka ASD ke hana i nā pilikia ʻōlelo like ʻole. ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi poʻe me ASD ke ʻōlelo iki, ʻoiai e pilikia paha kekahi i ke kamaʻilio pū ʻana me haʻi. Hiki i ke olakino ʻōlelo ke kōkua i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kahi mau pilikia o ka haʻiʻōlelo.
• Hoʻoikaika kino. Pilikia kekahi poʻe me ASD i nā mākau kaʻa. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā mea e like me ka lele ʻana, ka hele wāwae ʻana, a me ka holo paʻakikī ʻana paha. Pilikia paha kekahi me ka ASD i kekahi mau pilikia me kekahi mākau kaʻa. Hiki i ke olakino kino ke kōkua i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā mākala a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka mākau kaʻa.
• ʻOihana lapaʻau. Hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻoihana iā ʻoe e aʻo pehea e hoʻohana ai i kou mau lima, nā wāwae, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana kino ʻē aʻe me ka maikaʻi. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā a me ka hana maʻalahi.
• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Sensory. ʻIke pinepine ka poʻe me ASD i nā kani, nā kukui, a me ka paʻi. Kōkua ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa sensory i ka poʻe e ʻoluʻolu me ka hoʻokomo sensory.
• Nānā lawehala pili. He hana kēia e paipai ana i nā hana maikaʻi. Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano hana o ke kālailai hana ʻana, akā hoʻohana ka hapanui i kahi ʻōnaehana uku.
• Laau Lapaʻau. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe mea lapaʻau i hoʻolālā ʻia e mālama iā ASD, hiki i kekahi ʻano ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā hōʻailona kikoʻī, e like me ke kaumaha a i ʻole ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe.

E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole i loaʻa no ASD.

Ke laina lalo

ʻO ka autism hana kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻole ia he wā olakino, a ʻaʻohe maopopo leʻa. Akā ke kuhikuhi nei paha ka poʻe e hoʻohana nei i kēia huaʻōlelo i kekahi mea e like me ka pae 1 ASD. Hoʻohālikelike paha ia i ka Asperger's Syndrome, kahi kūlana i ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka APA.