ʻO nā mea āpau e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Gallbladder

Anter

• Hōʻike Overview
• Nā kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder
• Nā kumu weliweli
• Nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder
• ʻIke a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder
• Lapaʻau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder
• ʻO ka nānā aku
• Kāohi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder

Hōʻike Overview

ʻO kāu gallbladder kahi wahi like me ka ʻeke e like me 3 ʻīniha ka lōʻihi a me 1 ʻīniha ākea e noho ana ma lalo o kou ake. ʻO kāna hana ka mālama i ka bile, kahi wai i hana ʻia e kou ake. Ma hope o ka mālama ʻia i loko o kāu gallbladder, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka bile i loko o kāu ʻōpū liʻiliʻi e kōkua ai i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai.

Kākaʻikahi ka maʻi ʻaʻai Gallbladder. Wahi a ka American Cancer Society (ACS):

• Ma luna o 12,000 mau kānaka i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e loaʻa ai kahi hōʻailona ma 2019.
• ʻAneʻane mau ia adenocarcinoma, kahi ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i nā hunaola glandular i ka uhi o kāu mau lālā.

Nā kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder

ʻAʻole maopopo maopopo i nā kauka ke kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder. ʻIke lākou, e like me nā maʻi ʻaʻai āpau, kahi hewa, i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he mutation, i ka DNA o ke kanaka e ulu ai ka ulu wikiwiki ʻole o nā pūnaewele.

Ke piʻi wikiwiki nei ka helu o nā hunaola, kahi lehulehu, a i ʻole tumo. Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hoʻolaha aku kēia mau hunaola i nā kiko kokoke a i nā ʻaoʻao mamao o ke kino.

Aia kekahi mau kumu pilikia e hoʻonui i nā loiloi no ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou e pili ana i ka mumū lōʻihi o ka manawa lōʻihi.

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu no ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ia wale nō ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe kou manawa kūpono o ka loaʻa ʻana ma mua o kekahi me ka ʻole o ka makaʻu.

Nā kumu weliweli

ʻO nā Gallstones he mau ʻāpana o nā mea paʻakikī e hana i kāu gallbladder ke loaʻa ka nui o ka cholesterol a bilirubin paha i kāu bile - kahi pigment i hana ʻia i ka wā e haki ai nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

Ke ālai ʻia nā gallstones i ka passageway - i kapa ʻia he dile bile - ma waho o ka gallbladder a i ʻole i loko o kou ake, e wela ana kāu gallbladder. Kapa ʻia kēia cholecystitis, a hiki ke lilo i pilikia nui a lōʻihi paha.

ʻO ka mumū mau loa mai cholecystitis ka mea nui weliweli no ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder. Wahi a ka American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), loaʻa nā pōhaku i 75 a 90 paha pākēneka o ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder.

Akā he mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo he mea maʻamau nā gallstones a me ka loaʻa ʻole o ia mau mea e loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Wahi a ASCO, ma kahi o 99 pākēneka o ka poʻe me nā gallstones ʻaʻole loa e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder.

ʻO kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder:

• Pahu porcelain. ʻO kēia ke nānā ke keʻokeʻo o kāu gallbladder, e like me ka porcelain, no ka mea ua helu ʻia kona mau paia. Hiki i kēia ke hana ma hope o ka cholecystitis mau, a pili pū me ka mumū.
• Nā polyps Gallbladder. Ma kahi o 5 pākēneka wale nō o kēia mau ulu liʻiliʻi i kāu gallbladder he maʻi ʻaʻai.
• Moekolohe Wahi a ka ACS, loaʻa nā wahine i ka maʻi ʻaʻū pākī a i ʻehā mau manawa ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā kāne.
• Makahiki. Hoʻopili pinepine ka maʻi ʻaʻai Gallbladder i nā kānaka ma kahi o 65. Ma ka awelika, 72 mau kānaka ke ʻike lākou ua loaʻa iā ia.
• Pūʻulu lāhui. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo ʻAmelika ʻAmelika Latina, ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, a me nā Mekiko ka mea nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder.
• Nā pilikia pākī ʻoi. ʻO nā kūlana i nā aʻa o ka bile e ālai ai i ke kahe o ka bile hiki ke hoʻihoʻi iā ia i loko o ka gallbladder. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka mumū, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder.
• ʻO cholangitis sclerosing mua. Hoʻonui ka scarring e hana ma muli o ka hoʻā o nā lāʻau bile i kou makaʻu o ka aʻa a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder.
• Typhoid.Salmonella ʻo ke koʻohune ke kumu o ka typhoid. ʻO ka poʻe me nā maʻi maʻi lōʻihi, wā lōʻihi me ka ʻole a me nā hōʻailona ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
• Nā lālā ʻohana me ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder. Piʻi iki kou makaʻu inā aia kekahi moʻolelo i kou ʻohana.

Nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder a hiki i ka holomua loa ʻana o ka maʻi. ʻO ia ke kumu, maʻamau, ua hoʻolaha ʻia i nā mea kokoke a me nā lymph node a i hele paha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o kou kino ke loaʻa.

Ke kū lākou, e kau nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli i:

• ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ʻo ka maʻamau ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o luna o kou ʻōpū
• jaundice, ka mea e melemele nei i kou ʻili a me nā keʻokeʻo o kou mau maka ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka bilirubin mai ka ālai ʻana i kāu mau aʻa.
• ʻōpū puʻupuʻu, i ka wā e hoʻonui ai kāu gallbladder ma muli o ke kahe ʻia ʻana o nā aʻa aʻa a hohola paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kou ake a hana ʻia nā puʻupuʻu i kou ʻōpū ʻākau i luna.
• nausea a me ka luaʻi
• Kaumaha emi
• fiva
• ʻōpū ʻōpū
• mimi ʻeleʻele

ʻIke a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder

ʻO ka manawa maʻamau, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder e ka hanana i loko o kahi pahu i lawe ʻia no cholecystitis a i ʻole kumu ʻē aʻe. Akā maʻamau, e holo kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua diagnostics no ka mea ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli.

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike pono, pae, a hoʻolālā i ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder me:

• Nā hoʻāʻo koko. Hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua hana ate i ka maikaʻi o ka hana o kou ate, gallbladder, a me nā bile a hāʻawi i nā hōʻailona e pili ana i nā mea e hopena ai i kāu mau hōʻailona.
• Kukuna ultrasound. Hana ʻia nā kiʻi o kāu gallbladder a me kou ake mai nā nalu kani. He ho'āʻo maʻalahi, maʻalahi ka hana e hana maʻamau ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
• CT scan. Hōʻike nā kiʻi i kāu gallbladder a me nā mea pili a puni.
• MRI hoʻoili. Hōʻike nā kiʻi i nā kikoʻī ʻoi aku ma mua o nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe.
• ʻO ka cholangiography transhepatic transutanputan (PTC). ʻO kēia kahi X-ray i lawe ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻia ʻana o ke kala e hōʻike ana i nā ālai i kāu mau aʻa a me ke ake.
• Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). I kēia hoʻāʻo, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole kukui me kahi kāmela, i ʻike ʻia he endoscope, ma o kou waha a neʻe i kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka kala ma o kahi ʻōpala liʻiliʻi i kau ʻia i kāu kahena a lawe ʻia kahi X-ray e nānā no nā kahakaha o ka bile i ālai ʻia.
• ʻO Biopsy. Lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka tumo a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope e hōʻoia ai i kahi maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ke haʻi aku nei ke kau maʻi ʻana iā ʻoe inā a ma hea hoʻi i pālahalaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o kāu gallbladder. Hoʻohana ʻia e nā kauka e hoʻoholo i ke kaila lapaʻau maikaʻi loa a hoʻoholo i ka hopena.

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai Gallbladder me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke Kōmike Hui Hui ʻAmelika no ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho TNM Cancer. Hele ka pālākiō mai 0 a 4 ma muli o ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka paia gallbladder a pehea ka laha.

ʻO ke kahua 0 ka manaʻo ʻaʻole hoʻolaha nā hunaola ʻino mai kahi a lākou i hana mua ai - i kapa ʻia ʻo carcinoma in situ. ʻO nā tumors nui i pālahalaha ʻia i nā mea pili kokoke a me nā tumo i pālahalaha ʻia, a i ʻole metastasized ʻia, i nā ʻāpana mamao o kou kino ka pae 4.

Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai e TNM:

• T (tumo): hōʻike i ka lōʻihi o ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka pā o ka gallbladder
• N (nodes): hōʻike i ka palahalaha i nā lymph nodes kokoke i kāu gallbladder
• M (metastasis): hōʻike i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao mamao o ke kino

Lapaʻau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder

Hiki i ke kīpoki ke hoola i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder, akā pono e hemo nā maʻi ʻaʻai āpau. He koho wale kēia kēia i ka wā i loaʻa ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka wanaʻao, ma mua o ka pāhola ʻana i nā meaola kokoke a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Minamina, hōʻike ʻia nā helu helu mai ka ACS ma kahi o 1 wale nō i loaʻa i 5 mau kānaka ka hōʻailona ma mua o ka palahalaha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy a me radiation e hōʻoia i ka pau ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma hope o ke kaha ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder i hiki ʻole ke hemo. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻōla i ka maʻi ʻaʻai akā hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola a mālama i nā hōʻailona.

Ke holomua ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder, hiki ke hana ʻia ke ʻoki kino e hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli. Kapa ʻia kēia mālama mālama palliative. Nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka mālama palliative e komo pū paha:

• lāʻau lapaʻau ʻeha
• lāʻau hoʻomālū
• oxygen
• ke waiho nei i kahi paipu, a i ʻole stent, i ke kahena o ka bile e hāmama ai i hiki iā ia ke kahe

Hoʻohana ʻia ka mālama Palliative ke hiki ʻole ke hana i ke kaha no ka mea ʻaʻole lawa ke olakino o kekahi.

ʻO ka nānā aku

ʻO ka nānā aku no ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder ma muli o ke kahua. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā aku o ka maʻi ʻaʻai mua ma mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pae kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka helu ola ʻelima mau makahiki e pili ana i ka pākēneka o nā kānaka me kahi ʻano e ola nei i ʻelima mau makahiki ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana. Ma ka awelika, ʻo ka helu ola ʻelima mau makahiki no nā pae āpau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder he 19 pākēneka.

Wahi a ASCO, ʻo ka helu ola ʻelima mau makahiki no ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder ma ke kahua ʻo:

• 80 pakeneka no ka maʻi kanesa i ke kūlana (pae 0)
• 50 pakeneka no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka gallbladder (pae 1)
• 8 pākēneka no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hohola ʻia i nā lymph nodes (pae 3)
• ma lalo o 4 pākēneka no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i metastasized (pae 4)

Kāohi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder

Ma muli o ka hapa nui o nā kumu pilikia, e like me ka makahiki a me ka lāhui, ʻaʻole hiki ke loli, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi nohona olakino hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i kou makaʻi. ʻO kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no kahi nohona olakino e hoʻopili pū paha:

• Mālama i kahi kaupaona olakino. ʻO kēia kahi ʻāpana nui o kahi nohona olakino a ʻo kekahi o nā ala nui e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kou makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai, me ka maʻi ʻaʻai gallbladder.
• ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i ka papaʻai olakino. Hiki i ka ʻai ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu ke kōkua i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i kāu ʻōnaehana pale a kōkua iā ʻoe e pale iā ʻoe mai ka maʻi ʻana. ʻO kaʻai ʻana i nā kīʻaha holoʻokoʻa ma kahi o nā hua pala i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia a me ka palena ʻana i nā meaʻai i hana ʻia hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noho olakino
• Hoʻoikaika kino. ʻO nā keu pono o ka hoʻoikaika kino me ke kau a mālama ʻana i ke kaupaona olakino a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i kāu ʻōnaehana pale.