Fluoride: Maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole paha?

Anter

• He aha ka Fluoride?
• Nā Kumuwaiwai o Fluoride
• Kōkua ʻo Fluoride i ka pale ʻana i nā ʻōpū niho
• Hiki i ka lawe nui ʻana ke hana i ka Fluorosis
• Kahua niho Fluorosis
• Fluorosis iwi
• Loaʻa i nā Fluoride nā hopena maikaʻi ʻē aʻe?
• Haki iwi
• Pilikino Ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• Hoʻolālā Brain Hōʻino
• Kūpono ʻo Fluoridation Wai
• Lawe i ka Home Message

ʻO Fluoride kahi kemika i hoʻohui mau ʻia i ka toothpaste.

He hiki ʻokoʻa kona e pale ai i ka pala o ka niho.

No kēia kumu, ua hoʻohui nui ʻia ka fluoride i nā lako wai e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke olakino niho.

Eia nō naʻe, hopohopo nā poʻe he nui i ka hōʻino ʻia mai ka lawe nui ʻana.

Nānā hohonu kēia ʻatikala i ka fluoride a nānā pehea e hopena ai i kou olakino.

He aha ka Fluoride?

ʻO Fluoride ka ion maikaʻi ʻole o ke kumu fluorine. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ia e ke ʻano kemika F-.

ʻIke ākea ia i ke kūlohelohe, i nā helu kuhi. Kū maʻamau ia i ka lewa, ka lepo, nā mea kanu, nā pōhaku, ka wai hou, ka wai kai a me nā meaʻai he nui.

He mea nui ka Fluoride i ka mineralization o kou mau iwi a me nā niho, kahi hana e pono ai ka mālama ʻana iā lākou e paʻakikī a ikaika hoʻi.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma kahi o 99% o ka fluoride o ke kino i mālama ʻia i nā iwi a me nā niho.

He mea nui ka Fluoride no ka pale ʻana i nā niho niho, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he mau ʻeha. ʻO kēia ke kumu i hoʻohui ʻia ai i nā lako wai kaiāulu i nā ʻāina he nui ().

ʻO Fluoride ka ʻano ionized o ka element fluorine. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ia i ke ʻano a kākoʻo i ka mineralization o nā iwi a me nā niho. Hiki i ka Fluoride ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā lua.

Nā Kumuwaiwai o Fluoride

Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia paha ʻo Fluoride i kāu mau niho.

Eia kekahi o nā kumu waiwai nui o fluoride:

• Fluoridated wai: Hoʻohui nā ʻāina e like me US, UK a me ʻAukekulelia i ka fluoride i kā lākou lako wai lehulehu. I ka US, loaʻa i ka wai fluoridated nā ʻāpana 0.7 i kēlā me kēia miliona (ppm).
• Honua: Loaʻa i loko o ka wai maoli ka fluoride, akā ʻokoʻa ke ʻano. ʻO ka maʻamau, aia ia ma waena o 0.01 a 0.3 ppm, akā i kekahi mau wahi me ka weliweli i loaʻa nā pae kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kēia ke kumu o nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi (2).
• Pākuʻi fluoride: Loaʻa kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he kulu a i ʻole nā ​​papa. Paipai ʻia nā mea hoʻopihapiha fluoride no nā keiki ma mua o 6 mau makahiki o ka makahiki i loaʻa ka makaʻu nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lua a noho i nā wahi i ʻole fluoridated ().
• Kekahi mau meaʻai: Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kekahi mau meaʻai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai fluoridated a i ʻole lawe ʻia i ka fluoride mai ka lepo. ʻO nā lau tī, ʻoi aku i nā mea kahiko, loaʻa paha i ka fluoride nā mea kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā meaʻai (, 5,).
• Nā huahana mālama kahua niho: Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Fluoride i kahi nui o nā huahana mālama niho ma ka mākeke, e like me ka lāʻau ʻāʻī a me nā holoi waha.

ʻO ka wai fluoridated kahi kumu nui o fluoride i nā ʻāina he nui. ʻO nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka wai o ka honua, nā mea kōkua fluoride, kekahi mau meaʻai a me nā huahana mālama niho.

Kōkua ʻo Fluoride i ka pale ʻana i nā ʻōpū niho

ʻO nā niho niho, ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hakahaka a palu niho paha, kahi maʻi waha ().

Hoʻokumu ʻia lākou e nā bacteria e noho ana i kou waha.

Wāwahi kēia mau koʻohune i nā carbs a hana i nā waikawa ke hiki ke hōʻino i ka enamel niho, ka waihona o ka niho o ka mineral i waiwai nui.

Hiki i kēiaʻakika ke alakaʻi i ka nalo o nā minelala mai ka enamel, kahi hana i kapa ʻia demineralization.

Ke kū nei ka pani o nā minelala, i kapa ʻia remineralization, me nā minelala i nalowale, ulu nā lua.

Hiki i ka Fluoride ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā lua niho e ():

• Ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi demineralization: Hiki i ka Fluoride ke kōkua i ka hoʻolohi i ka nalo ʻana o nā minelala mai ka enamel niho.
• Hoʻonui i ka remineralization: Hiki i ka Fluoride ke hoʻonui i ka hana hoʻoponopono a kōkua i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā minela i loko o ka enamel ().
• Ke kāohi nei i nā hana bacteria: Hiki i ka Fluoride ke hōʻemi i ka hana acid ma o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka hana o nā enzyme bacteria. Hiki iā ia ke kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o nā bacteria ().

I nā makahiki 1980, ua hōʻike ʻia ka maikaʻi loa o ka fluoride i ka pale ʻana i nā hakahaka ke hoʻopili pololei ʻia i nā niho (,,).

Hiki i ka Fluoride ke hakakā i nā lua ma ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kaulike ma waena o ka loaʻa kālā a me ka nalo ʻana mai ka enamel niho. Hiki iā ia ke kāohi i ka hana o nā bacteria bacteria waha.

Hiki i ka lawe nui ʻana ke hana i ka Fluorosis

ʻO ka lawe nui ʻia ʻana o ka fluoride no nā wā lōʻihi e hiki ke hana i ka maʻi fluorosis.

Aia nā ʻano nui ʻelua: fluorosis niho a me ka maʻi fluorosis iwi.

Kahua niho Fluorosis

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka fluorosis niho e nā loli ʻike i ka hiʻohiʻona o nā niho.

I nā ʻano ʻoluʻolu, ʻike ʻia nā loli e like me nā kiko keʻokeʻo ma nā niho a ʻo ka hapa nui kahi pilikia cosmetic. ʻOi aku ka pinepine o nā hihia ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, akā pili pū me nā stain brown a me nā niho nāwaliwali ().

ʻO ka fluorosis niho wale nō i ka wā o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā niho i ka wā kamaliʻi, akā ʻo ka manawa koʻikoʻi loa ma lalo o ka makahiki ʻelua ().

ʻO nā keiki e ʻai nui ana i ka fluoride mai nā kumuwaiwai he nui i kahi manawa o ka manawa i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makaʻu o ka niho fluorosis ().

ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki paha iā lākou ke ale i ka toothpaste fluoridated i ka nui a ʻai i ka nui o ka fluoride i loko o ka palapala hoʻopihapiha, a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka wai fluoridated.

ʻO nā pēpē i loaʻa i kā lākou meaʻai hānai ka hapanui mai nā formulate i kāwili ʻia me ka wai fluoridated hiki ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā fluorosis niho liʻiliʻi ().

ʻO ke fluorosis kahua niho kahi ʻano e loli i ke ʻano o nā niho, a ma nā ʻano maʻalahi he kīnā cosmetic. Kū wale ia i nā keiki i ka wā o ka ulu ʻana o nā niho.

Fluorosis iwi

ʻO ka maʻi fluorosis iwi kahi maʻi iwi e pili ana i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻia o ka fluoride i ka iwi i nā makahiki he nui ().

ʻO ka wanaʻao, ʻo nā ʻōuli pū kekahi me ka ʻoʻoleʻa a me ka ʻeha pū. ʻO nā hihia kiʻekiʻe ke kumu e hoʻololi i ka iwi iwi a me ka helu ʻana i nā ligament.

ʻO ka fluorosis iwi ka mea maʻamau i nā ʻāina e like me India a me Kina.

Ma laila, pili nui ʻia me ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia o ka wai o ka honua me nā kiʻekiʻe o fluoride kūlohelohe, a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 8 ppm (2, 19).

ʻO nā ala hou aʻe i ka poʻe i kēia mau wahi ingest fluoride e hoʻopili ana i ka lānahu ahi i loko o ka home a me ka ʻai ʻana i kekahi ʻano kī tī i kapa ʻia he kī kī (,).

E hoʻomaopopo he pilikia ʻole ka skeletal fluorosis i nā wahi e hoʻohui i ka fluoride i ka wai no ka pale ʻana i ka lua, no ka mea ua kāohi paʻa ʻia kēia nui.

Kū wale ka skeletal fluorosis ke hōʻike ʻia ka poʻe i ka nui o ka fluoride no nā manawa lōʻihi.

ʻO ka skeletal fluorosis kahi maʻi ʻeha e hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hanana iwi i nā hihia koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka mea maʻamau i kekahi mau ʻāina ma ʻAsia kahi kiʻekiʻe loa ka wai o ka wai i fluoride.

Loaʻa i nā Fluoride nā hopena maikaʻi ʻē aʻe?

Ua lōʻihi ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa o Fluoride ().

He nui nā pūnaewele i koi he lāʻau make ia e kumu i nā pilikia olakino āpau, e like me ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Eia nā pilikia olakino maʻamau e pili pū ana me ka fluoride a me nā hōʻike ma hope o lākou.

Haki iwi

Hōʻike kekahi mau hōʻike e hiki i ka fluoride ke hoʻonāwaliwali i nā iwi a hāpai i ka makaʻu o nā haki. Eia nō naʻe, aia kēia ma nā kumu kikoʻī ().

Nānā hoʻokahi kahi noiʻi i nā haʻi iwi i nā heluna Kina me nā pae like ʻole o ka fluoride kūlohelohe. Ua piʻi ka nui o ka haki ke hōʻike ʻia ka poʻe i nā pae haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe loa paha o ka fluoride no nā manawa lōʻihi ().

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻopili ʻia ka wai inu me kahi 1 ppm o ka fluoride e pili ana i ka hoʻemi ʻia o nā haki.

ʻO nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe loa o ka fluoride ma o ka wai inu e hoʻonui i ka makaʻi o nā iwi iwi ke hoʻopau ʻia no kahi manawa lōʻihi. Koi ʻia ka noiʻi hou.

Pilikino Ka maʻi ʻaʻai

ʻO Osteosarcoma kahi ʻano lahilahi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai iwi. Hoʻopili pinepine ia i nā iwi nui i loko o ke kino a ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā ʻōpio, keu hoʻi nā kāne (,).

Ua ʻimi nā noiʻi he nui i ka pilina ma waena o ka wai inu fluoridated a me ka pilikia osteosarcoma. ʻAʻole loaʻa ka hapanui i kahi loulou maopopo (,,,,).

Eia naʻe hoʻokahi noiʻi i hōʻike i kahi hui ma waena o ka fluoride e hōʻike ana i ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa iwi ma waena o nā keiki kāne ʻōpio, akā ʻaʻole nā ​​kaikamahine ().

No ka pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka maʻamau, ʻaʻohe hui i loaʻa ().

ʻAʻohe mea hōʻike paʻa e hōʻike ai i ka wai fluoridated e hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o kahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai iwi ʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo osteosarcoma, a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ka laulā.

Hoʻolālā Brain Hōʻino

Aia kekahi mau hopohopo e pili ana i ka hopena o ka fluoride i ka lolo o ke kanaka e ulu nei.

Hoʻokahi loiloi i nānā ʻia he 27 mau noiʻi nānā i mālama ʻia ma Kina ().

ʻO nā keiki e noho ana i nā wahi kahi i loaʻa ai ka fluoride i ka nui o ka wai i loaʻa nā helu IQ haʻahaʻa, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kēlā poʻe e noho nei i nā wahi me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ().

Eia naʻe, ua liʻiliʻi ka hopena, e like me ʻehiku mau helu IQ. Ua kuhikuhi pū nā mea kākau i ka lawa ʻole o ka maikaʻi o nā loiloi i loiloi ʻia.

ʻO kahi loiloi o nā noiʻi nānā i ka hapanui mai Kina i ʻike he hopena maikaʻi ʻole ka wai me ka nui o ka fluoride i nā helu IQ o nā keiki. Eia naʻe, pono e aʻo hou ʻia kēia.

Kūpono ʻo Fluoridation Wai

ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka fluoride i ka wai inu lehulehu he mau makahiki he umi, he hana hoʻopaʻapaʻa e hōʻemi ai i nā lua ().

Ua hoʻomaka ka fluoridation wai ma ka US i nā 1940, a ma kahi o 70% o ka lehulehu o ka US i loaʻa i kēia manawa ka wai fluoridated.

Kākaʻikahi ka fluoridation ma ʻEulopa. Ua hoʻoholo ka nui o nā ʻāina e haʻalele i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka fluoride i ka wai inu lehulehu ma muli o ka hopohopo palekana a me ka pono (,).

Kanalua nō hoʻi ka poʻe he nui e pili ana i ka hopena o kēia hana. Wahi a kekahi ʻaʻole pono e lawelawe ʻia ke olakino niho e "ka lāʻau nui," akā pono e mālama ʻia i kēlā me kēia pae (,).

I kēia manawa, hoʻomau nā hui olakino he nui i ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka fluoridation o ka wai a ʻōlelo he ala waiwai nui ia e hōʻemi ai i nā lua niho.

ʻO ka fluoridation wai kahi hana olakino lehulehu e hoʻomau i ke ʻano o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa. ʻOiai he nui nā hui olakino e kākoʻo iā ia, hoʻopaʻapaʻa kekahi ʻaʻole kūpono kēia hana a hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka "lāʻau lapaʻau lehulehu."

Lawe i ka Home Message

E like me nā meaola ʻē aʻe he nui, palekana a maikaʻi hoʻi ka fluoride ke hoʻohana ʻia a hoʻopau ʻia i nā kālā kūpono.

Hiki iā ia ke pale aku i nā hakahaka, akā ʻo ke komo ʻana iā ia i ka nui ma o ka wai inu e alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi.

Eia nō naʻe, pilikia nui kēia i nā ʻāina me nā pae fluoride kiʻekiʻe ma ka wai, e like me Kina a me India.

Hoʻopili paʻa ʻia ka nui o ka fluoride i nā ʻāina i hoʻohui me ka manaʻo e hoʻohui i ka wai inu.

ʻOiai kekahi e nīnau nei i nā loina ma hope o kēia hana olakino lehulehu, ʻaʻole hiki i ka wai kaiāulu fluoridated ke kumu i nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi.