Nā ho'āʻo hāpai hāpai trimester ʻelua

Anter

• 1. Ke kaomi koko
• 2. Ke kiʻekiʻe o ka kōpū
• 3. Kelepona hua mele
• 4. ʻO ka mimi a me ka moʻomeheu mimi
• 5. Helu piha ke koko
• 6. Pākuʻi
• 7. VDRL
• 8. Toxoplasmosis
• 9. Fetron fibronectin

ʻO nā hōʻike o ka lua o ka trimester o ka hāpai hāpai e pono e mālama ʻia ma waena o ka 13th a me ka 27th wiki o ka hāpai ʻana a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nānā ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē.

ʻOi aku ka mālie o ka lua o ka trimester, me ka ʻole o ka nausea, a ʻo ka hopena o ka hāʻule ʻole ʻana o ka hāpai keiki, ʻo ia ka mea e hauʻoli ai nā mākua. I kēia wā, pono ke kauka e noi i ka hana hou ʻana i kekahi mau hōʻike e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o nā mea āpau me ka makuahine a me ka pēpē.

ʻO nā hōʻike no ka lua o ka trimester o ka hāpai ʻana:

1. Ke kaomi koko

ʻO ke ana ʻana i ke koko i ka hāpai ʻana he mea nui ia, no ka mea hiki ke loiloi i ka makaʻu o ka pre-eclampsia, kahi e kū ai ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kaomi, a hiki i ka hopena o ka lawe ʻana.

He mea maʻamau ia no ka hapa mua o ka hāpai ʻana e hoʻemi i ke kahe o ke koko, akā ma loko o ka hāpai ʻana e hoʻi ke koko i ka maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻonui i ke kaomi ma muli o ka hānai kaulike ʻole a maikaʻi ʻole paha o ka placenta, no ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola o ka makuahine a me ka pēpē. No laila, he mea nui e nānā ʻia ke kaomi koko i kēlā me kēia manawa.

2. Ke kiʻekiʻe o ka kōpū

ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka uterus a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe o ka uterine e pili ana i ka nui o ka uterus, a ma ka hebedoma 28th o ka hānau ʻana ma kahi o 24 cm.

3. Kelepona hua mele

ʻO ka ultrasound morphological, a i ʻole ka morphological USG, kahi hōʻike kiʻi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka pēpē i loko o ka kōpū. Hōʻike ʻia kēia hoʻokolohua ma waena o ka 18th a me ka pule 24th o ka hāpai ʻana a loiloi i ka ulu ʻana o ka puʻuwai, nā puʻupaʻa, ka ʻai, ʻōpū a me ka nui o ka wai amniotic. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻike ʻia ka moekolohe o ka pēpē a hiki ke hōʻike i nā syndrome a me nā maʻi puʻuwai.

E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka ultrasound morphological.

4. ʻO ka mimi a me ka moʻomeheu mimi

He mea nui nā hōʻike mimi i ka wā hāpai, ʻoiai kēia ala hiki ke ʻike i nā maʻi urinary a, no laila, pale i nā pilikia i ka wā hāpai a hānau hānau paha. No laila, he mea nui ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻike mimi ʻano 1, i ʻike ʻia ʻo EAS, a, inā loaʻa nā loli, hiki ke noi ʻia kahi moʻomeheu mimi, kahi e nānā ʻia ai nā microorganism i loaʻa i ka mimi.

I ke ʻano o ke kuhi ʻana i ka maʻi urinary, hiki i ke kauka ke koi aku i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo, e like me Cephalexin, me ka ʻole o ka makaʻu i ka makuahine a pēpē paha. Hoʻomaopopo pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau no ka maʻi urinary tract i ka hāpai keiki.

5. Helu piha ke koko

He mea nui ka helu o ke koko i ka trimester ʻelua o ka hāpai ʻana, no ka mea e ʻae ia e loiloi i ka nui o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, hemoglobins, leukocytes a me nā platelet o ka wahine a, no laila, e nānā inā loaʻa ʻole ka anemia.

Anemia i ka hāpai keiki mea maʻamau ma waena o ka lua a me ke kolu o ka trimester o ka hāpai keiki no ka mea aia ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nui o ka hemoglobin a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hoʻohana hao e hālāwai me nā pono o ka pēpē, akā hiki i kēia ke hōʻike i kahi pilikia no ka makuahine a me ka pēpē.No laila, he mea nui ka helu piha ʻana o ke koko e kuhikuhi pono i ka anemia ke hiki koke a, no laila, hiki ke hoʻomaka ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana.

E aʻo pehea e ʻike ai i nā ʻōuli o ka anemia i ka hāpai keiki.

6. Pākuʻi

Hōʻike ʻia ka hōʻike glucose i ka wiki 24th o ka hāpai ʻana i mea e hōʻoia ai inā loaʻa ka maʻi diabetes i ka wahine. ʻO ka hōʻike glucose i noi ʻia i ka hāpai ʻana ua kapa ʻia ʻo TOTG a ua hana ʻia e ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i kahi hāpana koko ma mua a ma hope o ka lawe ʻana o ka wahine iā Dextrosol, kahi wai kō.

Lawe ʻia nā laʻana koko hou ma 30, 60, 90 a me 120 mau minuke ma hope o ka lawe ʻana iā Dextrosol, e hoʻopau ana i 2 mau hola o ka lawe wai. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua koko ma ka pakuhi e ʻike ʻia ka nui o ka glucose i ke koko i kēlā me kēia manawa. E ʻike e pili ana i ka hōʻike TOTG.

7. VDRL

ʻO ka VDRL kekahi o nā hoʻāʻo i loko o ka mālama prenatal e hana ʻia e nānā inā ʻo ka makuahine ka mea lawe i ka maʻi bacteria no ke syphilis, ka Treponema pallidum. ʻO Syphilis kahi maʻi i lawe ʻia i ka moekolohe e hiki ke lawe ʻia i ka pēpē i ka manawa o ka hānau ʻana inā ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia ka maʻi i ka wā hāpai, a aia paha nā loli i ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē, ka hānau mua ʻole, kaupaona hānau haʻahaʻa a make paha o ka pēpē. , ʻo kahi laʻana.

8. Toxoplasmosis

Hana ʻia ka ninaninau no ka toxoplasmosis me ka pahuhopu o ka hōʻoia ʻana inā loaʻa ka pale o ka makuahine i ka toxoplasmosis, he maʻi lele ia e ka parasite. Toxoplasma gondii i hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia i ka poʻe ma o ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai i hoʻohaumia ʻia a i ʻole ka wai, a ma o ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana me nā pōpoki i loaʻa i ka parasite.

Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka Toxoplasmosis mai ka makuahine a ke keiki a hiki ke loaʻa ka wahine i ka parasite i ka wā hāpai a ʻaʻole hana i ka lāʻau kūpono, a hiki ke hoʻoili i ka pēpē. ʻIke i nā pilikia o ka toxoplasmosis i ka hāpai ʻana.

9. Fetron fibronectin

Hoʻolālā ka hoʻokolohua fetal fibronectin e nānā inā aia ka makaʻu o ka hānau mua ʻole, a pono e hana ʻia ma waena o ka 22 a me ka 36 mau pule o ka hāpai keiki ma o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā huna ʻōpū a me ka pūpū.

I mea e hoʻokō ʻia ai ka hōʻike, koi ʻia ʻaʻole i ka wahine ke kahe ʻana o ka genital a ʻaʻole i moe kolohe 24 mau hola ma mua o ka hōʻike.

Paipai paha ke kauka i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e like me ka urea, ka creatinine a me ka uric acid, nā ʻenema ate, electrocardiogram a me ABPM no kekahi mau wahine hāpai. Hoʻohui ʻia, hōʻike ʻia paha nā hōʻike mimi a i ʻole ka hemo ʻana o ka maʻi a me nā hoʻāʻo cervical e ʻike ai i nā maʻi i loaʻa i ka moekolohe, e like me gonorrhea a me chlamydia. E ʻike i nā STD maʻamau o 7 i ka hāpai ʻana.

I ka lua o ka trimester o ka hāpai keiki, pono e hele pū ka wahine hāpai i ka kauka niho e loiloi i ke olakino waha a mālama i nā ʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia niho ʻē aʻe, me ka loaʻa ʻana o ke alakaʻi i nā gums kahe ʻana, ka mea maʻamau i ka wā hāpai. E nānā hoʻi he aha nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia i ke kolu o ka trimester o ka hāpai ʻana.