FAN exam: he aha ia, he aha ia no a me nā hopena

Anter

• No ke aha ia
• Pehea e pau ai ka hōʻike
• He aha ka hoʻomākaukau e pono ai
• He aha ka manaʻo o nā hopena

ʻO ka hōʻike ANA kahi ʻano hōʻike i hoʻohana ākea ʻia e kōkua ai i ke kuhi o nā maʻi autoimmune, ʻoi loa ʻo Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). No laila, ke kuhi nei kēia hoʻāʻo e ʻike i ke alo o nā autoantibodies i loko o ke koko, ʻo nā mea ʻino i hana ʻia e ke kino a hōʻeha i nā hunaola a me nā aʻa iā lākou iho.

Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia hoʻokolohua ma ke kumu o ka fluorescence o nā antibodies, e hiki ai ke ʻike iā ia ma lalo o ka microscope a kōkua i ke kuhi ʻana i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole. ʻOiai he mea maʻamau ka hopena haʻahaʻa ma ka hōʻike ANA, ke kiʻekiʻe loa kēia helu, manaʻo paha ia aia kahi maʻi autoimmune, pono e ʻike a mālama ʻia i ka wā e hiki ai ke hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli.

No ke aha ia

Hiki i kēia hoʻokolohua FAN ke kōkua i ke kuhikuhi ʻana i nā maʻi autoimmune e like me:

• Lupus, ʻo ia kahi maʻi autoimmune i hōʻike ʻia e ka inflation o nā hono, ka ʻili, nā maka a me nā puʻupaʻa, no ka laʻana;
• Rheumatoid arthritis, i loko o laila ka ʻeha, ʻulaʻula a me ka pehu o nā hono. Eia pehea e ʻike ai i ka rheumatoid arthritis;
• Pā ʻōpio idiopathic ʻōpio, i loko o laila ka pehu o hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o nā hono i nā keiki;
• ʻO ka hepatitis autoimmune, kahi o ke alo o nā autoantibodies e hoʻonāukiuki ai i ke ake. ʻIke i nā ʻōuli nui o ka hepatitis autoimmune;
• Scleroderma, ʻo ia kahi maʻi autoimmune i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana o collagen, e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka ʻili a me nā hono;
• Dermatomyositis, ʻo ia kahi maʻi hōʻeha e hōʻike ʻia e ka nāwaliwali o nā mākala a me nā lehele dermatological. E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka dermatomyositis;
• ʻO Sjogren's syndrome, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ka mumū o nā glands like ʻole i ke kino, e hopena ai i nā maka maloʻo a me ka waha, no ka laʻana. Eia pehea e ʻike ai i nā ʻōuli o Sjogren's Syndrome.

ʻO ka maʻamau, kānalua paha ke kauka i kēia mau maʻi inā loaʻa nā ʻōuli o ke kanaka i lōʻihi ka manawa e nalowale ai, e like me nā kiko ʻulaʻula ma ke kino, pehu, ʻeha mau i nā hono, ka luhi nui a i ʻole ke kuni māmā, no ka laʻana.

Pehea e pau ai ka hōʻike

Maʻalahi loa kēia hoʻāʻo, e koi wale ana i kahi koko liʻiliʻi e lawe ʻia e kahi loea i aʻo ʻia, a hoʻouna ʻia i ka hale hana no ka loiloi.

Hana ʻia ka hōʻiliʻili koko ma ka haukapila, akā hiki ke hana ʻia i nā keʻena kūikawā, no nā mākua a me nā keiki. I ka hihia o nā pēpē, hana mau ʻia ka hōʻiliʻili me kahi ʻūlū liʻiliʻi ma ka wāwae, me ka ʻole o ka nila.

I loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, hana ʻia ka hoʻokolokolo ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka waihoʻoluʻu fluorescent i kaha ʻia me nā mea ʻino e ʻike ʻia i loko o ka hāpana. A laila, waiho ʻia ke koko me ka kala i kapa ʻia i loko o kahi pahu i piha ka moʻomeheu o nā hunaola kanaka i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he Hep-2 cells, ka mea e ʻae ai i ka ʻike pono ʻana i nā ʻano hale a me nā ʻāpana o ka pōʻaiapuni. Pēlā e hiki ai ke hana i ke kuhi, ʻoiai hana ʻia ia mai ke ʻano fluorescence i ʻike ʻia ma o ka microscope.

He aha ka hoʻomākaukau e pono ai

ʻAʻohe ʻano hoʻomākaukau kūikawā no ka hōʻike FAN, koi wale ʻia e hoʻomaopopo i ke kauka e pili ana i ka lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia a me nā pilikia olakino hiki.

He aha ka manaʻo o nā hopena

I ka poʻe olakino, maikaʻi ʻole ka hopena FAN a ʻole hoʻi reactive, me nā waiwai e like me 1/40, 1/80 a me 1/160. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo i kēlā me kēia manawa maikaʻi ʻole, ʻaʻohe maʻi autoimmune. No laila, ʻoiai inā maikaʻi ʻole ia, a e like me nā ʻōuli i hōʻike ʻia, kauoha paha ke kauka i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia ʻaʻole ia he maʻi autoimmune.

Ke maikaʻi ka hopena, a i ʻole reagent, hōʻike mau ia nā waiwai o 1/320, 1/640 a i ʻole 1/1280. Hoʻohui ʻia, aia kekahi hiʻohiʻona positivity e pili ana i ka fluorescence i ʻike ʻia ma lalo o ka microscope, i mea e kōkua maikaʻi ai e hoʻokaʻawale i ke ʻano o nā maʻi a hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia.

• Nukelea homogeneous: hiki ke hōʻike i ke alo o lupus, rheumatoid arthritis a i ʻole ʻōpio idiopathic arthritis, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka antibody i ʻike ʻia. Inā ʻike ʻia ke alo o anti-DNA, anti-chromatin a me anti-histone antibodies, he hōʻailona kēia o ka lupus;
• Centromeric kiko kiko: he mea maʻa mau ia o scleroderma;
• ʻImi maikaʻi nukelea: hōʻike mau i ka maʻi o Sjögren a i ʻole lupus, e pili ana i ka lāʻau i ʻike ʻia;
• Mānoanoa ka nukelea: lupus, rheumatoid arthritis a i ʻole systemic sclerosis e like me nā mea i ʻike ʻia he mea ʻino;
• Cytoplasmic kiko kiko: hiki iā ia ke polymyositis a i ʻole dermatomyositis;
• ʻO ka membrane nukili hoʻomau: hiki ke hōʻike i ka hepatitis autoimmune a i ʻole lupus;
• Nucleolar kiko: he hōʻailona maʻamau ia o ka sclerosis ʻōnaehana.

Pono e wehewehe a loiloi ʻia kēia mau hopena e ke kauka a, i ka aneane o nā hihia āpau, pono nā hōʻike hou aʻe ma mua o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka ʻike.