He aha ka maʻi hiamoe, nā hōʻailona nui a me ka mālama ʻana

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui
• Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi
• Pehea e hoʻoili ai
• Nā koho lapaʻau

ʻO ka maʻi hiamoe, ʻike ʻepekema ʻia e like me ke kanaka ʻApelika trypanosomiasis, kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka protozoan ʻO Trypanosoma brucei piliwaiwai arhodesiense, ke hoʻoili ʻia e ka nahu o ka lele tsetse, i ʻike pinepine ʻia ma nā ʻāina ʻApelika.

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā ʻōuli o kēia maʻi ma hope o kekahi mau pule ma hope o ka nahu, akā naʻe, hiki ke hala i mau mahina e kū a pili kēia i nā ʻano o ka lele a me ka pane o ke kino o ke kanaka i ka microorganism, no ka laʻana.

Ke hōʻike koke ʻia nā hōʻailona he mea nui e nīnau aku i ka mea hana maʻamau, no ka mea ma hope o ke kuhi ʻana i ka maʻi hiamoe he mea pono ia e hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau i ka wā hiki loa, no ka mea inā ulu nui ia hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola o ke kanaka, ma muli o nā ʻeha i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka parasite i loko o ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana a me nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka lolo.

Nā hōʻailona nui

Hoʻololi nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi hiamoe mai kēlā me kēia kanaka a hilinaʻi i ke kahua o ka maʻi, e like me:

• ʻOihana Cutaneous: i kēia wā, hiki ke nānā i nā papula ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻili, a laila e ʻino a lilo i mea maʻi ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele, a pehu hoʻi i kapa ʻia he maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻōuli ma kahi o 2 mau pule ma hope o ka nahu ʻana o ka lele tsetse, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ka poʻe keʻokeʻo a ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia i ka poʻe ʻeleʻele;
• Pākuʻi Hemolymphatic: ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina o ka nahu ʻana o ka insect, hiki ka microorganism i ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic a me ke koko, e alakaʻi ana i ka helehelena o ka wai i ka ʻāʻī, ʻeha poʻo, kuni a me nā ʻulaʻula i hohola i ke kino.
• Ke kahua Meningo-encephalitic: ʻo ia ke kahua kiʻekiʻe loa o ka maʻi hiamoe a me ka hiamoe, kahi i hiki ai ka protozoan i ke kikowaena pūnaewele, e hōʻino ana i ka lolo i ʻike ʻia e ka hilahila o ka noʻonoʻo, ka hiamoe nui, nā loli i ka hana a me nā pilikia me ke kaulike o ke kino

Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki i ka maʻi hiamoe ke hana i nā loli ʻē aʻe i ke kino, e like me nā maʻi o ka puʻuwai, nā iwi a me ke ake, a hiki i nā ʻano maʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ka pulumonia, malaria. E nānā hou aʻe e pili ana i nā hōʻailona nui o ka malaria.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi

Hana ʻia ke kuhi o ka maʻi hiamoe e ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua koko e nānā ai i ke kū ʻana o nā protein ponoʻī, i kapa ʻia ʻo IgM immunoglobulins, a e ʻike ai inā aia nā mea ʻino e hoʻopuni nei i ke kahe o ke koko. Inā loaʻa ka maʻi hiamoe o ke kanaka, aia paha i nā loli ʻē aʻe ke hōʻike i ke koko e like me ka anemia a me ka monositosis. E ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i ka mea monositosis.

Pono nā kānaka me nā maʻi e hiamoe ana e hōʻiliʻili i ka iwi o ka iwi a me ka lumbar puncture e kālailai ai, ma ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, kahi i hiki ai ka protozoa i ke kahe o ke koko a me ka lolo a lawelawe pū i ka helu ʻana i nā hunaola pale i ka wai cerebrospinal, ʻo ia ka wai i puni i ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo.

Pehea e hoʻoili ai

ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o ka lawe ʻana i nā maʻi hiamoe ma o ka nahu ʻana o ka lele tsetse, mai ka ʻohana ʻO Glossinidae. I nā hihia pinepine ʻole, hiki i ka maʻi ke ala aʻe ma muli o ka nahu o kekahi ʻano lele a i ʻole nā ​​makika, nāna i nahu ma mua i kahi kanaka i loaʻa i ka protozoan, no ka laʻana.

ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka lele tsetse ma nā wahi kaiāulu o ʻApelika, ma nā wahi e loaʻa ai nā mea kanu, ka wela a me ka wela kiʻekiʻe. I ka manawa e maʻi ʻia, lawe kēia lele i ka parasite no ke koena o kona ola, a hiki ke hoʻohaumia i kekahi mau kānaka.

No laila, he mea nui e hana i nā ana e pale ai i ka nahu lele tsetse, e like me:

• E ʻaʻahu i nā kapa komo lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kala kūlike ʻole, ʻoiai e ʻumeʻume ka lele i nā kala ʻōlinolino;
• E hōʻalo i ka pili kokoke i ka laʻalāʻau, no ka mea hiki i ka lele ke noho i loko o nā kumu ulu liʻiliʻi;
• E hoʻohana i ka mea hoʻopunipuni insect, ke pale aku i nā ʻano lele ʻē aʻe a me nā makika i hiki ke hoʻoili i ka maʻi.

Eia hou, hiki i ka maʻi parasite ke hele aʻe mai nā makuahine a i nā keiki, e ala aʻe mai nā nahu pōpilikia ʻole me nā nila kolohe a i ʻole e hana ma hope o nā pilina pili me ka ʻole o ka ʻume.

Nā koho lapaʻau

Hoʻololi ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa e like me ka makahiki o ke kanaka a kaukaʻi ʻia i ke degere o ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi, a inā mālama ʻia ma mua o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana waena, ʻoi aku ka ikaika ʻole o nā lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia, e like me pentamidine a i ʻole suramine. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi, pono e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau ikaika me nā hopena ʻē aʻe, e like me melarsoprol, eflornithine a i ʻole nifurtimox, a pono e lawelawe i ka haukapila.

Pono e hoʻomau ʻia kēia mālama ʻana a hiki i ka hoʻopau loa ʻia ʻana o ka parasite mai ke kino a, no laila, pono e hana hou ʻia ke koko a me nā wai ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i ka hoʻopau loa ʻia ʻana o ka parasite.Ma hope o kēlā, pono e mālama i kahi kiaʻi no 24 mau mahina, e nānā ana i nā ʻōuli a me ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻokolokolo maʻamau, i ʻole e puka hou ka maʻi.