Pehea e maopopo ai i ka hōʻoia koko
Anter
- ESR - ka helu sedimentation erythrocyte
- CPK - Creatinophosphokinase
- TSH, huina T3 a me T4 huina
- PCR - Pūmua C-reactive
- TGO a me TGP
- PSA - Benign Prostatic Antigen
- Nā hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe
E hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke koko he mea pono e hoʻolohe i ke ʻano o ka hoʻāʻo a ke kauka i kauoha ai, nā kumukūʻai kūmole, ke keʻena hoʻokolohua kahi i hana ʻia ai ka hōʻike a me ka hopena i loaʻa, a pono e wehewehe ʻia e ke kauka.
Ma hope o ka helu ʻana o ke koko, ʻo nā hoʻokolohua koko i noi nui ʻia ʻo VHS, CPK, TSH, PCR, nā ake a me nā hōʻike PSA, he hōʻailona maikaʻi loa kēia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. E ʻike i nā hōʻoia koko e ʻike i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
ESR - ka helu sedimentation erythrocyte
Nonoi ʻia ka hōʻike VSH e nānā i nā hana hoʻohaunaele a infectious paha, a noi pinepine ʻia me ka helu o ke koko a me ke ana C-reactive protein (CRP). Ke nānā nei kēia nīnau i ka nānā ʻana i ka nui o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula e sediment i 1 hola. I loko o kāne malalo o 50, ka ʻO normal VSH a 15 mm / h a i 30mm / h no nā kāne ma mua o 50 mau makahiki. No ka mea wahine ma lalo o 50 mau makahiki, ke kumukūʻai maʻamau o Aia ʻo VSH a 20 mm / h a i ka 42mm / h no nā wahine ma mua o 50 mau makahiki. E hoʻomaopopo he aha ka hōʻike VHS a he aha ka mea e hōʻike ai.
Loiloi ia i ka hanana o nā kaʻina infectious a me nā hoʻolālā, me ka noi ʻia e nānā i ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi a me ka pane ʻana i ka lāʻau. | Kiʻekiʻena: Anuanu, tonsillitis, maʻi maʻi urinary tract, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, mumū, maʻi ʻaʻai a me ka ʻelemakule. Haahaa: Polycythemia vera, anemia ʻili o ka maʻi maʻi, maʻi puʻuwai congestive a i ke alo o nā ulcer. |
CPK - Creatinophosphokinase
Nonoi ʻia ka hoʻokolohua koko CPK i mea e nānā ai i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi e pili ana i nā mākala a me ka lolo, ke noi nui ʻia nei e nānā i ka hana o ka puʻuwai, e noi pū ʻia me myoglobin a me troponin. ʻ waiwai kūmole o CPK iā mākou aia nā kāne ma waena o 32 a me 294 U / L a i loko nā wahine ma waena o 33 a me 211 U / L. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka hōʻike CPK.
Loiloi i ka hana naʻau, lolo a me nā mākala | Kiʻekiʻena: Infarction, hahau, hypothyroidism, haʻalulu a puhi uila paha, ʻalekohola mau, edema pulmonary, embolism, dystrophy muscular, hoʻoikaika kino nui, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, nā intramuscular injection i hala iho nei a ma hope o ka hopu ʻana, ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka cocaine. |
TSH, huina T3 a me T4 huina
Noi ʻia ke ana o TSH, T3 a me T4 i mea e loiloi ai i ka hana o ka thyroid. ʻO ke kumukūʻai kūmole o ka hoʻāʻo TSH ma waena o 0.3 a me 4µUI / mL, i ʻokoʻa paha ma waena o nā hale hana. E aʻo hou aʻe no ke aha ka hōʻike TSH.
| TSH - ʻO ka hormone hoʻouluulu thyroid | Kiʻekiʻena: ʻO hypothyroidism i mālama ʻole ʻia, ma muli o ka hemo ʻana o kahi ʻāpana o ka thyroid. Haahaa: Hyperthyroidism |
| T3 - Huina triiodothyronine | Kiʻekiʻena: I ka mālama ʻana me T3 a i ʻole T4. Haahaa: Nā maʻi nui i ka laulā, postoperative, i ka ʻelemakule, hoʻokē ʻai, hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau e like me propranolol, amiodarone, corticosteroids. |
| T4 - Huina thyroxine | Kiʻekiʻena: Myasthenia gravis, hāpai keiki, pre-eclampsia, maʻi nui, hyperthyroidism, anorexia nervosa, hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau e like me amiodarone a me propranolol. Haahaa: Hypothyroidism, nephrosis, cirrhosis, maʻi ʻo Simmonds, pre-eclampsia a i ʻole ke kūleʻa ʻana o ke kōpaʻa mau. |
PCR - Pūmua C-reactive
ʻO ka protein C-reactive kahi protein i hana ʻia e ke akepaʻa nāna i noi ʻia i noi ʻia ke hoʻopiʻi ʻia ka maʻi a i ʻole ke maʻi i ke kino, e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia i ke koko ma lalo o kēia mau ʻano. ʻ kūlike ke koko CRP maʻamau i 3 mg / L, ʻokoʻa paha ma waena o nā keʻena hoʻokolohua. E ʻike pehea e maopopo ai i ka hōʻike PCR.
| Hōʻike inā loaʻa ka mumū, maʻi, a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻa puʻuwai. | Kiʻekiʻena: Hoʻomaʻamaʻa arterial, nā maʻi bacteria e like me appendicitis, otitis media, pyelonephritis, pelvic inflammatory disease; maʻi ʻaʻai, maʻi o Crohn, infarction, pancreatitis, fever rheumatic, rheumatoid arthritis, obesity. |
TGO a me TGP
ʻO ka TGO a me ka TGP he mau enzyme i hana ʻia e ke akepaʻa a hoʻonui ʻia ka piʻina o ke koko ke loaʻa nā liona i kēia meaola, i manaʻo ʻia he mau hōʻailona maikaʻi loa no ka maʻi hepa, cirrhosis a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻ waiwai maʻamau o TGP loli ma waena o 7 a me 56 U / L a ʻo ka TGO ma waena o 5 a me 40 U / L. E aʻo pehea e maopopo ai i ka hōʻike TGP a me ka hōʻike TGO.
| TGO a i ʻole AST | Kiʻekiʻena: ʻO ka make ʻana o ka cell, infarction, cirrhosis koʻikoʻi, hepatitis, pancreatitis, maʻi ʻōpū, maʻi ʻaʻai, ʻona, ʻāʻī, ʻehaʻeha, ʻehaʻeha, mustrular dystrophy, gangrene. Haahaa: Ka maʻi maʻisā i kāohi ʻole ʻia, beriberi. |
| TGP a i ʻole ALT | Kiʻekiʻena: Hepatitis, jaundice, cirrhosis, maʻi ʻaʻai ate. |
PSA - Benign Prostatic Antigen
ʻO PSA kahi hōmona i hana ʻia e ka prostate, a noi pinepine ʻia e ke kauka e loiloi i ka hana o kēia gland. ʻ Aia ka waiwai kuhikuhi PSA ma waena o 0 a me 4 ng / mL, akā hiki ke loli e like me ka makahiki o ke kāne a me ke keʻena hoʻokolohua kahi i hoʻokolokolo ʻia ai, me ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā waiwai e hōʻike mau ʻia ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. E aʻo pehea e maopopo ai i ka hopena o ka hōʻike PSA.
| Loiloi i ka hana o ka prostate | Kiʻekiʻena: Hoʻonui prostate, prostatitis, paʻa mimi nui, biopsy nila nila prostate, res-urethral resection o ka prostate, maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. |
Nā hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe
Nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe i hiki ke kauoha ʻia e loiloi i ke olakino olakino o kekahi kanaka:
- Heluhelu koko: lawelawe e nānā i nā keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻulaʻula o ke koko, pono i ka ʻike o anemia a me ka leukemia, no ka laʻana - E aʻo pehea e wehewehe ai i ka helu o ke koko;
- Kolesterol: noi ʻia e loiloi iā HDL, LDL a me VLDL, e pili ana i ka pilikia o ka maʻi maʻi ʻōpū;
- Urea a me ka creatinine: lawelawe e loiloi i ke kēkelē o ka hōʻino kīnā ʻole a hiki ke hana ʻia mai ke ana o kēia mau mea i ke koko a i ʻole ka mimi - Hoʻomaopopo pehea e hana ai ka hōʻoia mimi;
- Glucose: noi ʻia e ʻike pono i ka maʻi kō. A ʻo nā hoʻokolohua e pili ana i ka kolesterol, e nānā i nā pae glucose i ke koko he mea pono no ka mea e hoʻokē ʻai ana ma kahi o 8 mau hola - E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka hoʻokēʻai e hana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko;
- ʻAkika Uric: lawelawe e loiloi i ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa, akā pono e pili me nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe, e like me ke ana ʻana o ka urea a me ka creatinine, no ka laʻana;
- Albumin: lawelawe e kōkua i ka loiloi i ke kūlana olakino o kēlā me kēia a hōʻoia i ka hanana o nā maʻi puʻuwai a me nā puʻupaʻa, no ka laʻana.
ʻ hoʻāʻo koko hāpai hāpai ʻo Beta hCG, ka mea hiki ke hōʻoia i ka hāpai ʻana ma mua o ka lohi o ka menstruation. E ʻike pehea e ʻike ai i nā hopena o ka hōʻike beta-hCG.
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