ʻO Cholera: he aha ia, nā ʻōuli, nā kumu a me nā lāʻau

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui
• He aha ke kumu o ke kolera
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau
• Nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻomaikaʻi a me nā mea ʻino
• Pehea e hōʻalo ai i ka hopu ʻana

ʻO Cholera kahi maʻi maʻi hiki ke loaʻa ma o ka lawe ʻana i ka wai a me nā meaʻai i hoʻohaumia ʻia e nā bacteriaʻO Vibrio cholerae. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o kēia ʻano maʻi a kumu ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hōʻino ʻana ma nā wahi i nele i ka wai paipu a i ʻole me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kumu ʻole kūpono ʻole, kahi e loaʻa ʻole ai ka hōʻiliʻili ʻōpala a i ʻole ka hamo hamo, no ka laʻana.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia he kumu no nā ʻōuli, hiki i kekahi poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi ke hoʻomohala i kahi ʻano ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nui o nā koʻohune i lawe ʻia a me ke kūlana olakino o ka mea maʻi, i hiki ke hōʻike iā ia iho mai ka maʻi palahī a hiki i ka maʻi pākī ʻino loa.

Nā hōʻailona nui

I kekahi mau hihia, he asymptomat ka cholera a i ʻole lawe i 2 a 5 mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka wai a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai hoʻohaumia ʻia no nā ʻōuli mua e ʻike ʻia, ʻo nā mea nui:

• Mākī nui loa, ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i ka hola, e kupu mai ana no ka mea ʻo nā koʻohune o ke koʻohune ke kumu o nā hunaola e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā ʻōpū;
• Nā noho wai keʻokeʻo i ke kala, e like me ka waiū a i ʻole ka wai laiki;
• ʻO Nusea a me ka luaʻi paʻa mau;
• Loaʻa ʻole o ka hana mimi;
• Ka luhi a me ka nāwaliwali nui loa;
• Make wai, me ka make wai loa, a me ka waha maloʻo a me ka ʻili;
• Hoʻonui i ka helu o ka puʻuwai a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke koko.

He mea nui e ʻike ʻia ka cholera a mālama koke ʻia e pale i nā pilikia mai ka hanana ʻana, e like me ka make wai nui, ka nerosis renal, ka hypoglycemia a me ka haʻalulu hypovolemic, ka mea e hopena i ka make ma lalo o 24 mau hola, no ka laʻana.

Noho ka bacteria i nā feces no 7 a 14 mau lā, a hiki ke lilo i kumu no ka haumia no nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, keu hoʻi ke holoi ʻole ʻoe i kou mau lima ma hope o ka hele ʻana i ka lua. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui e hoʻomau i ka mālama ʻana e like me ke kuhikuhi a ke kauka inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā ʻōuli.

He aha ke kumu o ke kolera

Hiki ke haumia ke kanaka i ke komo ʻana i ka wai a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai i haumia me nā bacteria, no ka mea, hoʻopau ʻia ia ma o ka luaʻi ʻana a me ka diarrhea, a hiki ke pālahalaha maʻalahi ʻia. No laila, he mea maʻamau ka lawe ʻia o ka maʻi ma waena o ka poʻe e noho ana i ka nohona like, e like me nā kamaʻāina o ka hale like a i ʻole nā ​​poʻe e hele ana i ke kula a me kahi hana like.

Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana o ka iʻa iʻa i hoʻohaumia ʻia a me nā crustacea a i ʻole kai kai hiki ke kumu i ka maʻi, no ka mea, he mahele ka bacteria i loko o ke kai. Hiki i nā muliwai, nā wai a me nā loko wai i hoʻohaumia ʻia ke hana i nā maʻi ahulau ma kekahi mau wahi a, no laila, he mea nui e inu wale i ka wai kānana a i hoʻolapalapa ʻia paha.

Ma muli o ka māhuahua o nā bacteria ma waena o nā feces ma waena o 5 a me 40ºC, a kūpaʻa hoʻi i ka paʻahau, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā maʻi maʻi cholera ma nā wahi lehulehu o ka lehulehu, me nā kūlana hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻole a me ka nele o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻamau.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

ʻAʻohe pono no kekahi lapaʻau kūikawā no ka cholera, koi wale ʻia ia e mālama i ka lawe ʻana o nā wai a i ʻole ke serum e hōʻalo ai i ka make wai i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi diarrhea nui. ʻO ka serum rehydration oral, i kūʻai ʻia i nā hale kūʻai lāʻau, a i ʻole ka serum homemade, hoihoi pū kekahi e pale a mālama i ka make wai, e pani ana i ka nui o nā wai a me nā minelala i nalowale i ka palahī a me ka luaʻi.

ʻAʻole koi ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau e hōʻoki i ka maʻi diarrhea a me ka luaʻi, no ka mea hiki ke pale aku i nā toxins i hana ʻia e nā microorganism mai ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, inā kū aʻe nā ʻōuli ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu paha no ke kanaka, hiki i ke kauka ke hōʻike i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau no ka maʻi kai, ʻeha a hoʻopiha i ka microbiota ʻōpū.

I nā hihia ʻoi loa, ke kumu o ka make wai ʻana i nā ʻōuli e like me ka poni a i ʻole ka luhi nui loa, pono paha e noho i ka haukapila e hana pololei i ke serum i loko o ka aa a nānā i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi. Eia hou, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pono nā antibiotic e hoʻopau i ka cholera, hiki i ke kauka ke koi aku i nā hihia ʻoi loa, ke ʻike ʻia ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Sulfametoxazol-Trimethoprim, Doxycycline a i ʻole Azithromycin i mea e hōʻemi ai i ka lawe ʻana o ka maʻi bacteria.

Nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻomaikaʻi a me nā mea ʻino

ʻO nā hōʻailona nui o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka cholera ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka luaʻi a me ka maʻi kō, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kala a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nāwaliwali. ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka worsening ka pallor, ka pohō kaumaha, nā maka pihoʻi, ka waha maloʻo, ka ʻili maloʻo, a me ke kuʻi wikiwiki o ka puʻuwai, ka ʻū a me ka hopu ʻana. Inā loaʻa kēia mau ʻōuli, pono ke mālama ʻia ke kanaka i ka haukapila i mea e loaʻa ai ka lāʻau kūpono.

Hoʻohui ʻia, ke koʻikoʻi, hiki i ka cholera ke hana i ka make wai i loko o kekahi mau hola a hiki i kēia pilikia ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻino puʻupaʻa, hoʻololi i ka ʻōpū, arrhythmia puʻuwai, ke koko haʻahaʻa a me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka naʻau.

Pehea e hōʻalo ai i ka hopu ʻana

ʻ ʻO Vibrio cholerae, ʻo ia ka maʻi lele o ka maʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke kū i ke ana wela ma luna o 80ºC, no laila e pale aku i ka cholera e ʻōlelo ʻia e inu i ka wai kānana, e hoʻolapalapa i ka wai wai ma mua o ke komo ʻana iā ia, a me ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai wela i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, a me ka pale ʻana i nā meaʻai maka e like me nā salakeke a me nā sushi.

Ke hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka meaʻai, he mea nui e holoi i kou mau lima a hoʻolohe i ka meaʻai, ʻo ia hoʻi nā hua i loaʻa ka ʻili lahilahi, kahi e pulu i ka wai me kahi chlorine liʻiliʻi e hoʻopau ʻia ai ka maʻi. Ma waho aʻe o ka holoi ʻana i kou mau lima ma mua o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka meaʻai, pono ʻoe e holoi i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai i nā manawa āpau āu e hoʻohana ai i ka lua a me nā wā āu e luaʻi ana a me ka diarrhea I kēia ala hiki ke pale i ka lawe ʻana o nā bacteria.

Pono e hoʻohana i kēia mau papa hana pale i nā wahi me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻole, me kahi lehulehu-nui a i ʻole i ʻeha i kahi pōʻino kūlohelohe, no ka laʻana.

Ma waho aʻe o nā hana pale, kekahi ala ʻē aʻe e pale aku ai i ka cholera ma o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻana, i loaʻa i nā ʻāina e makaʻu nui ana i ka maʻi cholera a no nā mea huakaʻi a limahana paha e hele i nā wahi hopena. E aʻo i nā mea āpau e pili ana i ka lāʻau kō kolera.