ʻO nā hōʻailona hōʻailona kiʻekiʻe loa o ka maʻi thyroid

Anter

• Pehea e kuhikuhi ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid
• He aha nā ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid
• Pehea e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid
• Pehea ka ukali ma hope o ka mālama ʻana
• Hiki ke hoʻi i ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid?

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid kahi ʻano tumo i hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia i ka hapanui o ka manawa ke hoʻomaka mua ʻia kāna lapaʻau ʻana, no laila he mea nui e makaʻala i nā ʻōuli e hōʻike i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ʻo ia hoʻi:

1. Lū a puʻupuʻu paha i ka ʻāʻī, kahi e ulu wikiwiki nei;
2. ʻO ka pehu i ka ʻāʻī ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka wai;
3. ʻEha ma ke alo o ka ʻāʻī hiki ke hoʻomālamalama i nā pepeiao;
4. Hoarseness a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻololi leo ʻē aʻe;
5. Hanu paʻakikī, me he mea lā ua paʻa kekahi i ka ʻāʻī;
6. Mū mau ʻaʻole pili ia i ke anuanu a me ka maʻi kō;
7. Pilikia i ka ale ʻana a i ʻole ke ʻano o kekahi mea i paʻa i ka ʻāʻī.

ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka makahiki 45, i kēlā me kēia manawa ke hōʻike ʻia kekahi o kēia mau ʻōuli, ʻo ka palpation o kahi puʻupuʻu a i ʻole puʻupuʻu i ka ʻāʻī, koi ʻia e nīnau aku i ka endocrinologist a i ʻole ke kauka lāʻau a ʻāʻī paha e hana nā hoʻokolohua diagnostics, ʻike inā aia kekahi pilikia me ka thyroid a hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau kūpono.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kēia mau ʻōuli ke hōʻike i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe liʻiliʻi e like me ka reflux gastroesophageal, nā maʻi hanu, nā pilikia kani leo, a me nā cyst thyroid a me nā nodule paha, nā mea maʻamau a hāʻawi ʻole i kahi pōʻino olakino, a pono e nānā ʻia, no ka mea i ka hapanui nā hihia, ʻaʻohe kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid.

E ʻike pū i nā ʻōuli e hōʻike ai i nā loli ʻē aʻe i ka thyroid: nā ʻōuli thyroid.

Pehea e kuhikuhi ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid

No ke kuhi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid he mea pono e hele i ka endocrinologist e nānā i ka ʻāʻī o kēlā me kēia a ʻike i nā loli e like me ka pehu ʻana, ʻeha a i ʻole ke kū ʻana o kahi puʻupuʻu. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e hana i kahi hoʻokolohua koko e nānā i ka nui o nā hormones TSH, T3, T4, thyroglobulin a me ka helu helu, a ke hoʻololi ʻia e hōʻike i nā loli i ka thyroid.

Hoʻohui ʻia, pono e hana i kahi ultrasound o ka pākana thyroid a me ka ʻiʻini nui o ka nila (FNAP) e hōʻoia i ke kū ʻana o nā hunaola malignant i ka gland, ka mea e hoʻoholo maoli inā he maʻi ʻaʻai ia.

Loaʻa ka waiwai maʻamau o ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia me ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid haʻahaʻa i nā hoʻokolohua koko, ʻo ia ke kumu he mea nui e hana ʻia ka biopsy i nā manawa a ke kauka e hōʻike ai a e hana hou ʻia, inā hōʻike kēia i kahi hopena hopena ʻole, a hiki i ka wā ua hōʻoia ʻia o kahi nodule benign.

I kekahi manawa, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid wale nō ia ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana e hemo i ka nodule i hoʻouna ʻia i ka hale hōʻikeʻike.

He aha nā ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid

Aia nā ʻano like ʻole o ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid e like me ke ʻano o nā hunaola i hoʻopili ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea maʻamau e hoʻopili ʻia:

• Papillary carcinoma: ʻo ia ka ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid, e hōʻike ana ma kahi o 80% o nā hihia, ulu lohi ia, ʻo ia ka ʻano maʻalahi e mālama;
• ʻO ka carcinoma Follicular: he ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid ma mua o ka papillary, akā loaʻa pū kekahi ka wānana maikaʻi, maʻalahi e mālama;
• Ka maʻi kanesa medullary: kākaʻikahi wale nō, e pili ana i 3% wale nō o nā hihia, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana, me ka liʻiliʻi o ka manawa e ola ai;
• ʻO ka carcinoma Anaplastic: he kākaʻikahi loa ia, e pili ana i 1% o nā hihia, akā ikaika loa ia, ʻaneʻane make mau.

ʻO ka Papillary a i ʻole ka follicular thyroid cancer kahi kiʻekiʻe o ke ola, ʻoiai hiki ke hapalua ke ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻa ma kahi pae holomua loa, keu hoʻi inā aia nā metastases i hoʻolaha ʻia i loko o ke kino. No laila, i ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano tumo o ke kanaka, pono lākou e ʻike i ke kahua a aia paha he metastases a ʻaʻole paha, no ka mea e hoʻoholo ana kēia i nā lāʻau e kūpono ai no kēlā me kēia hihia.

Pehea e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nui o ka tumo a ʻo nā koho lapaʻau nui e hoʻopili ʻia me ke kahakaha, iodotherapy a me ka hormone therapy. I nā hihia ʻoi loa, hōʻike ʻia ka chemotherapy a me radiation therapy, akā ʻo nā ʻano lapaʻau āpau e hōʻike mau ʻia e ka endocrinologist a i ʻole ke kauka lāʻau a me ka ʻāʻī.

• ʻOki kino: ʻike ʻia he thyroidectomy, pili ia i ka hemo ʻana o ka gland holoʻokoʻa, i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka ʻāʻī ʻana i ka ʻāʻī, e hemo ai ka ganglia mai ka ʻāʻī e hoʻopili ʻia. E ʻike pehea e hana ai ke ʻoki ma: Ke kahakaha thyroid.
• Hoʻololi Hormone: ʻO ka mea aʻe, pono e lawe i ka lāʻau e pani i nā hormone i hana ʻia e ka thyroid, no ke ola, i kēlā me kēia lā, i ka ʻōpū nele. E ʻike he aha kēia mau lāʻau;
• ʻO Chemo a i ʻole Radiotherapy: Hiki iā lākou ke hōʻike ʻia i ka hihia o ka tumo holomua;
• Lawe i iodine radioactive: Ma kahi o 1 mau mahina ma hope o ka hemo ʻana o ka thyroid, pono e hoʻomaka i ka ʻanuʻu lapaʻau ʻelua, ʻo ia ka lawe ʻana i iodine radioactive, kahi e hoʻopau loa ai i nā hunaola thyroid a, no laila, nā meheu āpau o ka tumo. E aʻo i nā mea āpau e pili ana i ka iodotherapy.

E nānā pū i ke wikiō e hiki mai ana a aʻo i ka meaʻai e lawe ai e hana i kēia lapaʻau:

ʻAʻohe pono loa ʻo Chemotherapy a me radiotherapy i ka hihia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid no ka mea ʻaʻole pane maikaʻi kēia ʻano tumo i kēia ʻano mālama.

Pehea ka ukali ma hope o ka mālama ʻana

Ma hope o ka mālama ʻana e hoʻoneʻe i kahi tumo thyroid, pono e hoʻokō ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e nānā ai inā ua hoʻopau loa ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana i nā hunaola malignant a inā lawa paha ka mea hou e like me ka makemake o ke kanaka.

Aia nā hōʻike i koi ʻia:

• Scintigraphy a i ʻole PCI - ʻimi kino holoʻokoʻa: he hoʻokolohua kahi e lawe ai ke kanaka i kahi lāʻau a laila komo i kahi hāmeʻa e hana i nā kiʻi o ke kino holoʻokoʻa, i mea e loaʻa ai nā hunaola tumora a i ʻole nā ​​metastases ma loko o ke kino. Hiki ke hana i kēia hoʻokolokolo, mai 1 a 6 mau mahina, ma hope o ka iodotherapy. Inā loaʻa nā hunaola malignant a i ʻole nā ​​metastases, hiki i ke kauka ke koi aku e lawe i kahi papa iodine radioactive hou e hoʻopau ai i nā kikoʻī o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, akā lawa ka mahele hoʻokahi o iodotherapy.
• Kahi ultrasound: Hiki iā ia ke kuhikuhi inā he mau loli i ka ʻāʻī a me nā piko o ka haʻi;
• Nā ho'āʻo koko no ka pae TSH a me kouroglobulin, i kēlā me kēia 3, 6 a i ʻole 12 mau mahina, ʻo ka pahuhopu kāu mau waiwai e <0.4mU / L.

ʻO ka maʻamau, noi wale ke kauka no 1 a 2 paha scans o ke kino holoʻokoʻa a laila hana wale ʻia ka ukali me ka ultrasound o ka ʻāʻī a me nā hoʻokolohua koko. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka makahiki, ke ʻano a me ke kahua o ka tumo, a me ke kūlana olakino olakino o ke kanaka, hiki ke hana hou ʻia kēia mau hoʻokolohua no kekahi manawa o 10 mau makahiki, a ʻoi paha, i ka manaʻo o ke kauka.

Hiki ke hoʻi i ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid?

ʻAʻole hiki i ka tumo ke ʻike ʻia ke hiki ke pālahalaha ma waena o ke kino, me nā metastases, akā ʻo ke ala ʻoi loa e ʻike inā aia nā keena ʻino ma ke kino e hana i nā hoʻokolohua a ke kauka e noi ai, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ultrasounds a me scintigraphy, a e mālama pono me he mea lā e ʻai pono, hoʻoikaika kino mau a loaʻa i nā ʻano nohona maikaʻi.

Eia nō naʻe, inā huhū ka tumo a i ʻole inā ʻike ʻia i kahi wā i ʻoi aku ka holomua, aia paha he mea hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, me nā metastase e ʻoi pinepine ana i nā iwi a i ʻole ka lung, no ka laʻana.