Uha Maka Maka

Anter

• Nā ʻano o ka haki
• ʻO nā hakina orbital rim
• Nā hakina Blowout (a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana paia orbital comminuted)
• ʻO nā ʻūhā o trap
• Nā ʻōuli o ka haki paʻa o ka maka
• Ke hōʻike nei i ka haki
• Ke mālama nei i ka haki
• ʻOki kino
• Lā palena manawa hoʻōla
• He aha ke kuanaʻike?
• Hiki paha ke pale ʻia kēia?

Hōʻike Overview

ʻO ke kumu o ka maka, a i ʻole orbit, ke kīʻaha iwi e hoʻopuni ana i kou maka. ʻEhiku mau iwi ʻokoʻa e hana i ke kumu.

Aia i ka maka o ka maka kou maka a me nā mākala āpau e hoʻoneʻe iā ia. Aia i loko o ke kumu kou mau waimaka, nā aʻa cranial, nā kīʻaha koko, nā ligament, a me nā aʻa ʻē aʻe.

Māhele ʻia ka maka o ka maka i ʻehā mau ʻāpana. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēlā me kēia e nā iwi ʻokoʻa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke haki i hoʻokahi o kēia mau ʻāpana o ka maka o ka maka.

• ʻO ka paia haʻahaʻa, a i ʻole ka papahele orbital, i haku ʻia e ka iwi ā luna (maxilla), ʻāpana o ka iwi papalina (zygomatic), a me kahi ʻāpana o ka pākaha paʻakikī (iwi palatine). ʻO nā haki i ka papa haʻahaʻa i hele pinepine ʻia mai kahi hahau i ka ʻaoʻao o ka maka. Hiki mai kēia mai kahi pūlima aku, kahi mea ʻōpala, a i ʻole kahi ulia kaʻa.
• ʻO ka iwi pili pili hana pū i ka paia o ka maka o ka maka o ka maka. Holo nā aʻalolo koʻikoʻi he nui ma waena o kēia wahi. Hiki iā lākou ke hōʻino ʻia e ka hahau ʻana i ka papalina a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao o ka maka.
• ʻO ka paia waena Hoʻokumu mua ʻia e ka iwi ethmoid e hoʻokaʻawale i kou lua nasal mai kou lolo. ʻO ka trauma Blunt i ka ihu a i ʻole ka maka o ka maka kahi kumu maʻamau o ka haki i ka paia waena.
• ʻO ka pā kiʻekiʻea i ʻole kaupaku, o ke kumu o ka maka i hana ʻia e kahi ʻāpana o ka iwi mua, a i ʻole ka lae. ʻO nā haki i ka paia ʻoi loa, akā hiki iā lākou ke kū hoʻokahi a i ʻole me ka hōʻino ʻia i nā wahi ʻelua ʻē aʻe.

Ua loaʻa i hoʻokahi noiʻi he 28 pākēneka o ka poʻe me nā ʻāpana o ka maka i loaʻa i nā ʻeha o ka maka i hiki ke hoʻopili i ka ʻike.

Nā ʻano o ka haki

Pili paha kekahi a i ʻole o nā iwi ʻehiku i loko o ka haʻi o ka maka.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka maka o ka maka i:

ʻO nā hakina orbital rim

Kū kēia i ka wā e kuʻi ikaika ka maka o ka maka me kahi mea paʻakikī, e like me ke kaʻa hoʻokele i kahi ulia kaʻa. E haki paha kahi ʻāpana o ka iwi a pahu i ka ʻaoʻao o ka pā.

ʻO ka pōʻino ma kahi ma mua o hoʻokahi o nā kumu o ka maka. ʻO kahi ʻano maʻamau o ka uha rb orbital e pili ana i nā ʻāpana nui ʻekolu o ka maka o ka maka. Kapa ʻia ka haki tripod, a i ʻole ka haʻi zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC).

Nā hakina Blowout (a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana paia orbital comminuted)

Kū pinepine kēia ʻano o ka haki ke hahau ʻia ʻoe e kahi mea i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka maka o ka maka, e like me ka lima a i ʻole ka mea ʻaihue. Hiki ke hopena i nā ʻāpana he nui, a i ʻole comminuted, ka iwi.

Hana ʻia ka blowout ke kuʻi ʻia a i ʻole ka pā ʻana i ka maka i ka hopena o ke kaomi i ka wai o ka maka. Lawe ʻia kēia kaomi i ke kumu o ka maka, e hoʻohaki iā ia i waho. A i ʻole, kihi aʻe ka paia i loko mai ka ikaika ma ka palena.

ʻO nā ʻūhā o trap

Aia kēia i nā keiki, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ko lākou mau iwi ma mua o ka poʻe mākua. Ma kahi o ka haki ʻana, pelu ka iwi o ka maka o ka maka i waho, a hoʻi koke i ke kūlana. No laila, ka inoa "puka paʻa."

ʻOiai ʻaʻole haki nā iwi, ʻo ka haki o ka trap traphere kahi hōʻeha koʻikoʻi. Hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻino nerve mau.

Nā ʻōuli o ka haki paʻa o ka maka

Nā ʻōuli o ka haki kumu o ka maka me:

• ʻike pālua a i ʻole ʻike hoʻemi
• pehu o ka lihilihi
• ʻeha, ʻāpā, haehae, a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana a puni ka maka
• nausea a me ka luaʻi (ʻo ka mea maʻamau i nā haki trapside)
• ʻōniu a i ʻole ʻōpuʻu ka maka, a i ʻole ka eyelid laʻi
• hiki ʻole ke hoʻoneʻe i kou maka i kekahi mau ʻaoʻao

Ke hōʻike nei i ka haki

E nānā kāu kauka i ka wahi o nā maka i hōʻino ʻia a me kāu ʻike. E nānā pū lākou i kou kaomi maka. ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o ka maka maka kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻino ʻia o ke aʻalolo optic a me ka makapō.

Kauoha paha kāu kauka i nā kukuna X e kōkua ai e ʻike i nā haki o nā iwi o ka maka o ka maka. Hoʻohana ʻia paha kahi scan CT e hāʻawi i nā kikoʻī hou aku no ka ʻeha.

ʻO ke loea o ka maka, i kapa ʻia he ophthalmologist, e pili paha inā aia he mea hōʻino i ka ʻike a i ʻole ka neʻe o ka maka. ʻO ka haki i ka hale orbital e koi paha i ke kūkākūkā ʻana me kahi neurologist a i ʻole neurosurgeon.

Ke mālama nei i ka haki

ʻAʻole koi nā ʻōiwi o nā maka i ke ʻoki mau. E hoʻoholo kāu kauka inā hiki i kou haki ke hoʻōla iā ia iho.

E aʻo ʻia paha ʻoe e hōʻalo i ka puhi ʻana o kou ihu no mau pule ma hope o ka ʻeha. ʻO kēia ka mea e pale aku ai i ka maʻi e hohola ana mai nā sinus a i nā ʻaʻa kumu o ka maka ʻoiai kahi wahi liʻiliʻi i kahi iwi haʻi.

Kauoha paha kāu kauka i ka ʻehu decongestant nasal e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka pono o ka puhi ʻana o ka ihu a i ʻole ke kaniʻu ʻana. Kau kauka kekahi mau kauka he nui i nā lāʻau antibiotic e pale i kahi maʻi.

ʻOki kino

Aia ma luna o nā pae hoʻohālikelike no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kahakaha i nā haki blowout. Eia kekahi mau kumu e pono ai ke ʻoki ʻana:

• Inā hoʻomau ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻike pālua no nā lā ma hope o ka ʻeha, pono paha ke kahakaha. Hiki i ka hihiʻo pālua ke hōʻailona o ka hōʻino ʻana i kekahi o nā mākala maka e kōkua i ka neʻe ʻana o kou maka. Inā hele wikiwiki ka ʻike lua, hoʻomaka ʻia paha ia e ka pehu ʻana a ʻaʻole pono ka lāʻau.
• Inā hoʻoneʻe ka ʻeha i ka maka o ka maka i loko o ke kumu (enophthalmos), he hōʻailona paha kēia no ke ʻoki.
• Inā ua hōʻino ʻia kahi hapalua a ʻoi paha o ka paia inferior, pono paha ke kīpoki e pale ai i ka helehelena o ke alo.

Inā pono ke ʻoki, kali paha kāu kauka lāʻau i ʻelua mau pule paha ma hope o ka ʻeha e ʻae i ka iho o ka ʻōhū. ʻAe kēia i kahi hoʻokolokolo pololei ʻana o ka maka o ka maka.

ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o ke ʻoki ʻana he ʻoki liʻiliʻi ma ka kihi o waho o kou maka a hoʻokahi ma loko o kou lihilihi. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi ala ʻē aʻe, endoscopy, e ka nui o nā kauka. I kēia kaʻina hana, hoʻokomo ʻia nā kāmela ʻokiʻoki a me nā mea kani ma o ka waha a ihu paha.

Pono kēia ʻoki ʻana i ka anesthesia laulā, ʻo ia hoʻi e hiamoe ʻoe no ke kaʻina hana a ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kahi ʻeha.

Lā palena manawa hoʻōla

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻoki, hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i ke koho o kahi noho pō i ka haukapila a i ʻole kahi ʻoki. I ka home, pono ʻoe i ke kōkua no ʻelua a ʻehā mau lā paha.

E kauoha paha kāu kauka i nā lāʻau antibiotic waha, corticosteroids e like me prednisone, a me nā mea pepehi ʻeha, maʻamau no hoʻokahi pule. E aʻo paha ka mea lapaʻau iā ʻoe e hoʻohana i nā pūʻolo hau ma ia wahi no hoʻokahi pule. Pono ʻoe e hoʻomaha, pale i ka puhi ʻana i kou ihu, a pale i ka hana ikaika no ka mea ma hope o ke kaha ʻana.

E noi ʻia ʻoe e hoʻi i ke kauka i loko o kekahi mau lā ma hope o ke kaha ʻana, a malia paha i loko o ʻelua mau pule aʻe.

He aha ke kuanaʻike?

ʻOiai hiki ke weliweli i nā haki maka, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e ola maikaʻi.

Inā ʻoe i hele i ke ʻoki kino me ka hihi ʻike lua, lōʻihi paha ia i ʻelua a ʻehā mau mahina ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole e hele ma hope o ʻehā a ʻeono mau mahina, pono paha ʻoe i ka ʻoki ʻana o nā mākala a i ʻole nā ​​aniani hoʻoponopono pololei.

Hiki paha ke pale ʻia kēia?

ʻO ke kau ʻana i nā maka aniani pale i ka wā e hana ana a i ʻole ke komo ʻana i nā haʻuki hiki ke kōkua i ke pale ʻana i nā haki maka ʻehā.

Hiki ke kūpono i nā aniani, pale pale maka aniani, a me nā pale maka, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka hana.