Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma

Anter

• Ke kū nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma
• Kahua 0
• Kahua 1
• Kahua 2
• Kahua 3
• Kahua 4
• Outlook

ʻIke a me ka hoʻokū ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

Ke kuhi mua ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, hāʻawi ʻia i kahi pae. Pili ka pae i ka nui o ka tumo a kahi i pālahalaha ai.

Hoʻohana nā kauka i nā ʻano hoʻokolohua like ʻole e ʻike i ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopili i nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi, e like me ka scan CT, MRI, ultrasound, a me X-ray, a me ka hana koko a me kahi biopsy o kaʻiʻo umauma i hoʻopilikia ʻia.

I mea e loaʻa ai ka ʻike ʻoi aku o kāu koho a me nā koho lapaʻau, makemake ʻoe e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma i loaʻa i ka wā o ka wā ma mua e loaʻa paha kahi kuʻina ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hopu ʻia i nā wā hope.

Ke kū nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma

Hoʻoholo ke kaʻina hoʻonohonoho inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka umauma i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me nā lymph node a i ʻole nā ​​mea nui. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo ke Kōmike Hui ʻAmelika no ka ʻōnaehana TNM maʻi ʻaʻai.

I ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho ʻana o TNM, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i kā lākou pae T, N, a me M.

• T kuhikuhi i ka nui o ka ʻōiwi a pehea ka laha ʻana i loko o ka umauma a i nā wahi kokoke.
• N kū i ka nui o kona pālahalaha ʻana i ka lymph node.
• M ho'ākāka metastasis, a i ʻole pehea ka laha ʻana i nā ʻokena mamao.

I ke kū ʻana o TNM, pili kēlā me kēia leka me kahi helu e wehewehe ai i ka holo ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. I ka manawa i hoʻoholo ʻia ai ke kahua o ka TNM, ua hoʻohui ʻia kēia ʻike i loko o ke kaʻina i kapa ʻia ʻo "pae hoʻonohonoho ʻana."

ʻO ka hoʻuluulu ʻana o ka pae ka hana hoʻonohonoho maʻamau i loaʻa nā pae mai 0 a 4. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka helu, ʻo ka mua o ka pae maʻi ʻaʻai.

Kahua 0

Kēia pae wehewehe noninvasive ("in situ") umauma maʻi 'aʻai. ʻO Ductal carcinoma ma situ (DCIS) kahi laʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pae 0. Ma DCIS, ua hoʻomaka paha nā kinikini precancerous e hana akā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ma waho o nā kahe waiū.

Kahua 1

Kuhi kēia pae i ka ʻike mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma invasive. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 2 centimetres i ke anawaena (a ma kahi o 3/4 ʻīniha). Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau maʻi ʻōpū umauma i ʻelua mau ʻāpana (1A a me 1B) e pili ana i nā pae hoʻohālikelike.

Kahua 1A ʻo ia hoʻi, he 2 kenimika a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka tumo, a ʻaʻole pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā wahi āpau o ka umauma.

Kahua 1B ke kumu o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o nā pūnana lymph. ʻO ka maʻamau i kēia wā, ʻaʻole i loaʻa kahi tumo discrete i ka umauma a i ʻole ka ʻūhā he 2 centimika a ʻoi iki paha.

Kahua 2

Hōʻike kēia paepae i nā maʻi ʻaʻai umauma invasive a he ʻoiaʻiʻo kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ke ana o ka tumo ma lalo o 2 mau kenimika (3/4 iniha), akā ua pālahalaha ʻia i nā lymph nodes ma lalo o ka lima.
• Aia ka tumo ma waena o 2 a me 5 mau kenimika (ma kahi o 3/4 ʻīniha a i 2 ʻīniha) a ʻaʻole paha i pāhola ʻia i nā lymph node ma lalo o ka lima.
• ʻOi aku ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 5 mau kenimika (2 iniha), akā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ʻia i nā lymph node.
• ʻAʻole loaʻa kahi tumo discrete i ka umauma, akā ʻo ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka umauma ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 2 millimeter i loaʻa i 1-3 mau lymph node ma lalo o ka lima a kokoke paha i ka umauma.

Māhele ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma pae 2 i ka pae 2A a me 2B.

I loko o pae 2A, ʻaʻole loaʻa kahi tumo i ka umauma a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka tumo ma mua o 2 centimita. Hiki ke loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā lymph node ma kēia kiko, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 2 centimetres akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 5 centimetere a ʻaʻole pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node.

I loko o pae 2B, ʻoi aku paha ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 2 mau kenimika akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 5 centimita, a ʻike ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā pūnana lymph, a ʻoi aku paha ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 5 kenimika, akā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node.

Kahua 3

Ua neʻe nā kanesa pae 3 i nā kiko o ka umauma a me nā wahi e pili ana akā ʻaʻole i hoʻolaha ʻia i nā wahi mamao o ke kino.

• Kahua 3A ʻoi aku ka nui o nā tumors ma mua o 5 mau kenimika (2 iniha) a pālahalaha ʻia i hoʻokahi a i ʻekolu mau lymph node ma lalo o ka lima, a i ʻole he nui a pālahalaha ʻia i nā lymph node he nui.
• A pae 3B Ua palahalaha aku ka ʻōpuʻu o nā nui i nā hunaola kokoke i ka umauma - ka ʻili a me nā mākala o ka umauma - a ua pālahalaha ʻia paha i nā pūnana lymph ma loko o ka umauma a ma lalo o ka lima.
• Kahua 3C ʻo ke kanesa kahi tumo o nā nui i pālahalaha ʻia:
  • i 10 aʻoi aku paha nā lymph ma lalo o ka lima
  • i nā lymph nodes ma luna a ma lalo paha o ka iwi iwi a kokoke i ka ʻāʻī ma ka ʻaoʻao like o ke kino e like me ka umauma ʻeha.
  • i nā lymph node ma loko o ka umauma iho a ma lalo o ka lima

Kahua 4

Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma pae ma nā wahi mamao o ke kino, e like me nā akemāmā, ke ake, nā iwi, a me ka lolo. I kēia manawa, manaʻo ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai a holomua loa nā koho lapaʻau ʻana.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻōla hou ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai no ka mea e hoʻopili ʻia nā mea nui. Akā aia nō kekahi mau lapaʻau ʻana e hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi a mālama i ke ʻano maikaʻi o ke ola.

Outlook

Ma muli o ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o nā wā mua, he mea nui e kiʻi i nā kānana maʻamau a haʻi i kāu kauka inā ʻaʻohe mea maʻamau. Ua hopu ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma ma mua, ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāu loaʻa ʻana o kahi hopena maikaʻi.

ʻO ke aʻo ʻana e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kanesa hiki ke manaʻo kaumaha a weliweli hoʻi. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i ʻike i ka mea āu e ʻike nei hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i kēia mau hopohopo. E ʻike i ke kākoʻo mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e noho nei me ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma.

E ʻike i ke kākoʻo mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e noho nei me ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. Hoʻoiho i ka polokalamu manuahi a Healthline ma aneʻi.