Mea Kākau: Monica Porter
Lā O Ka Hana: 19 Malaki 2021
HōʻAno Hou I Ka Lā: 19 Nowemapa 2024
Anonim
Never Hike Alone: The Ghost Cut - A Friday the 13th Fan Film Anthology | Feature Film | (2020) HD
Wikiō: Never Hike Alone: The Ghost Cut - A Friday the 13th Fan Film Anthology | Feature Film | (2020) HD

Anter

He aha ka hoʻokolohua kinoea koko?

Hoʻopili kahi hoʻokolohua kinoea koko i ka nui o ka oxygen a me carbon dioxide i loko o ke koko. Hoʻohana ʻia paha ia e hoʻoholo ai i ka pH o ke koko, a i ʻole pehea ka acidic. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ma ke ʻano he kānana kinoea koko a i ʻole hoʻokolohua aʻa koko arterial (ABG).

Hāpai kāu mau hunaola ʻulaʻula i ka oxygen a me carbon dioxide i loko o kou kino. ʻIke ʻia kēia mau mea he mau ʻino koko.

Ke hele nei ke koko i loko o kou mau māmā, kahe ka oxygen i loko o ke koko ʻoiai ke kahe ʻana o carbon dioxide mai ke koko i loko o nā akemāmā. Hiki i ka hoʻokolohua kinoea koko ke hoʻoholo i ka hiki i kou mau māmā ke neʻe i ka oxygen i loko o ke koko a hemo i ka carbon dioxide mai ke koko.

Hiki i nā kaulike ʻole i ka oxygen, carbon dioxide, a me nā pae pH o kou koko ke hōʻike i ke alo o kekahi ʻano olakino. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

  • hakuʻala ʻole
  • puʻuwai puʻuwai
  • mimikō kaohi ʻole ʻia
  • hemorrhage
  • lāʻau make kemika
  • kahi lāʻau hoʻowalewale lāʻau
  • pīhoihoi

Hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kahi hoʻokolohua kinoea ke hōʻike nei ʻoe i nā ʻōuli o kekahi o kēia mau ʻano. Pono ka hōʻoia i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o kahi koko liʻiliʻi mai kahi aʻa. He hana palekana a maʻalahi ia e lawe ai i kekahi mau minuke e hoʻopau.


No ke aha e hana ʻia ai kahi hoʻokolohua kinoea koko?

Hāʻawi kahi hoʻokolohua kinoea koko i ke ana kikoʻī o ka oxygen a me nā pae kalapona i loko o kou kino. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i kāu kauka e hoʻoholo pehea ka maikaʻi o kāu mau māmā a me nā puʻupaʻa e hana.

ʻO kēia kahi hōʻike i hoʻohana mau ʻia i ka wahi o ka haukapila e hoʻoholo ai i ka hoʻokele o nā mea maʻi maʻi nui. ʻAʻole ia he kuleana nui i ka hoʻonohonoho mālama mua, akā hoʻohana ʻia paha i kahi keʻena hana pulmonary a i ʻole ke keʻena maʻi.

Hiki paha i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kahi hoʻokolohua kinoea koko inā ʻoe e hōʻike nei i nā ʻōuli o ka oxygen, carbon dioxide, a i ʻole pH kaulike ʻole. Hiki i nā ʻōuli ke hoʻopili pū me:

  • pokole o ka hanu
  • paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana
  • huikau
  • nausea

ʻO kēia mau hōʻailona he hōʻailona paha ia o kekahi ʻano olakino, e like me ka hānō a me ka maʻi pulmonary maʻi mau (COPD).

Hiki paha i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kahi hoʻokolohua kinoea koko inā manaʻo lākou ke ʻike nei ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau ʻano:

  • maʻi lolo
  • maʻi maʻi ʻōpū
  • maʻi metabolic
  • ʻeha a poʻo a ʻāʻī paha e pili ana i ka hanu ʻana

ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i nā kaulike ʻole i kāu pae pH a me nā pae kōkō e hiki pū ke kōkua i kāu kauka e nānā i ka mālama ʻana no kekahi mau ʻano, e like me nā maʻi lolo a me nā puʻupaʻa.


Kauoha pinepine ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua kinoea koko me nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe, e like me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka glucose i ke koko e nānā i nā pae kō kō a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke kōkō kine e loiloi i ka hana o ka hakuʻala.

He aha nā pilikia o ka hoʻāʻo kinoea koko?

No ka mea ʻaʻole koi kahi hoʻokolohua kinoea i kahi laʻana nui o ke koko, ua manaʻo ʻia ia he hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

Eia nō naʻe, pono ʻoe e haʻi mau i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā kūlana olakino e hiki ke hoʻokahe iā ʻoe ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. Pono nō ʻoe e haʻi iā lākou inā e lawe ana ʻoe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole kauka, e like me nā mea lahilahi o ke koko, e hoʻopili paha i kou kahe ʻana.

Nā hopena ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke kōkō koko i:

  • ke kahe ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻeha ʻana ma ka pūnaewele puncture
  • e maule ana
  • hōʻiliʻili koko ma lalo o ka ʻili
  • maʻi ma ka puncture kahua

E haʻi i kāu kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hopena i manaʻo ʻole ʻia a hoʻolōʻihi ʻia paha.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai kahi hoʻokolohua kinoea koko?

Pono kahi hoʻokolohua kinoea koko i ka hōʻiliʻili o kahi liʻiliʻi o ke koko. Hiki ke kiʻi ʻia ke koko arterial mai kahi aʻa i kou lima, ka lima, a i ʻole ke ʻūlū, a i ʻole ka laina arterial preexisting inā ʻoe i ka haukapila i kēia manawa. Hiki i kahi laʻana gas koko ke ʻona, mai kahi aʻa a preexisting IV a capillary paha, kahi e koi ai i kahi kuʻikuʻi liʻiliʻi i ka kuʻekuʻe.


E hoʻomaʻemaʻe mua kahi mea mālama ola i ka pūnaewele injection me kahi antiseptic. Ke loaʻa iā lākou kahi aʻa, e hoʻokomo lākou i kahi nila i loko o ke aʻa a huki i ke koko. ʻIke paha ʻoe i kahi ʻōkuʻuʻuʻu ke hele ka nila. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā aʻa o ke aniani ma mua o nā uaua, a ʻike paha kekahi i kahi hoʻokolohua kinoea koko ʻoi aku ka ʻeha ma mua o ke kahakaha ʻana o ke koko mai kahi aa.

Ma hope o ka hemo ʻana o ka nila, e paʻa ka ʻenehana i kaomi no kekahi mau minuke ma mua o ke kau ʻana i kahi kaula ma luna o ka ʻeha kuʻi.

E kālailai ʻia ka laʻana koko e kahi mīkini lawe lima a i ʻole kahi hale hana ma ka pūnaewele. Pono e kālailai i kahi laʻana ma loko o 10 mau minuke o ke kaʻina hana e hōʻoia i kahi hopena hōʻike pololei.

Ka wehewehe ʻana i nā hopena o kahi hoʻāʻo kinoea koko

Hiki i nā hopena o kahi hoʻokolohua kinoea koko ke kōkua i kāu kauka e kuhi i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole a i ʻole e hoʻoholo i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano, e like me nā maʻi o ka mumū. Hōʻike pū ia inā ke uku ʻia nei kou kino no ke kaulike ʻole.

Ma muli o ka hiki ke uku ʻia i kekahi mau waiwai e hoʻopololei i nā waiwai ʻē aʻe, he mea nui ia e unuhi ke kanaka i ka hopena i kahu mālama i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia me ka ʻike i ka unuhi ʻana i ke kōkō.

Nā ana o ka hoʻāʻo:

  • PH ke koko arterial, e kuhikuhi ana i ka nui o nā ion hydrogen i ke koko. Kapa ʻia kahi pH ma lalo o 7.0 i ka acidic, a ʻo ka pH i ʻoi aku ma mua o 7.0 i kapa ʻia he kumu, a alkaline paha. Hōʻike paha kahi pH koko haʻahaʻa i ka nui o ka acidic o kou koko a ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kalapona kalapona. Hōʻike kahi pH kiʻekiʻe i ke koko i ke kumu o kou koko a he kiʻekiʻe ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka bicarbonate.
  • Bicarbonate, ʻo ia kahi kemika e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka pH o ke koko mai ka lilo i acidic a i ʻole ke kumu.
  • Puʻe hapa o ka oxygen, kahi ana o ke kaomi o ka oxygen i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ke koko. Hoʻoholo ia pehea e hiki ai i ka oxygen ke kahe mai nā māmā i loko o ke koko.
  • Paʻa puʻe o carbon dioxide, kahi ana o ke kaomi o carbon dioxide i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ke koko. Hoʻoholo ia pehea e hiki ai i ka carbon dioxide ke kahe i waho o ke kino.
  • Ka māʻona oxygen, ʻo ia kahi ana o ka nui o ka oxygen e lawe ʻia e ka hemoglobin i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

Ma ka laulaha, pili nā waiwai maʻamau i:

  • pH arterial koko: 7.38 a 7.42
  • bicarbonate: 22 i ka 28 milliequivalents i kēlā me kēia lita
  • puʻe hapa o ka oxygen: 75 i ka 100 mm Hg
  • puʻe hapa o carbon dioxide: 38 a 42 mm Hg
  • oxygen māʻona: 94 a 100 pakeneka

E emi paha kāu mau oxygen oxygen inā noho ʻoe ma luna o ka pae kai.

E loaʻa i nā kumukūʻai maʻamau kahi pae kuhikuhi ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa inā lākou mai kahi laʻana venous a capillary paha.

Hiki i nā hopena maʻamau nā hōʻailona o kekahi ʻano olakino, e like me nā mea i ka papa aʻe.

PH ke kokoʻO BicarbonateʻĀpana puʻe o carbon dioxideKūlanaNā kumu maʻamau
Ma lalo o 7.4HaahaaHaahaaʻAtosis metabolabolicHewa ʻiʻo, haʻalulu, ketoacidosis diabetic
ʻOi aku ma mua o 7.4KiʻekiʻenaKiʻekiʻenaAlkalosis MetabolicʻO ka luaʻi kūpilikiʻi, potassium koko haʻahaʻa
Ma lalo o 7.4KiʻekiʻenaKiʻekiʻenaAcidosis hanuNā maʻi lepa, e komo pū ana me ka pulumonia a me COPD
ʻOi aku ma mua o 7.4HaahaaHaahaaAlkalosis hanuʻO ka hanu wikiwiki loa, ʻeha, a hopohopo paha

Hiki ke loli ka pae maʻamau a me nā kaulike ʻole e pili ana i ka lab. No ka mea hoʻohana kekahi i nā ana a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano hana e kālailai i nā hāpana koko.

E hui mau ʻoe me kāu kauka e kūkākūkā i kāu mau hopena hōʻike ma ke kikoʻī. E hiki iā lākou ke haʻi iā ʻoe inā makemake ʻoe i ka hoʻāʻo hou a inā ʻoe e pono i kahi lapaʻau.

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