Hana ʻino nā Nitrates a me nā Nitrite i nā meaʻai?

Anter

• He aha nā nitrates a me nā nitrites?
• Kahi e loaʻa ai nā nitrates a me nā nitrites
• Pehea ka nitrates i ke kaomi o ke koko a me ke olakino puʻuwai
• Hiki i nā nitrates ke hoʻoulu i ka hana kino?
• Nā pilikia o nā nitrates a me nā nitrites
• Pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka hōʻike ʻana o nitrosamine
• Ke laina lalo

ʻO nā nitrates a me nā nitrites nā mea hoʻohui kūlohelohe i ke kino o ke kanaka a me kekahi mau meaʻai, e like me nā mea kanu. Hoʻopili pū nā mea hana iā lākou i nā meaʻai i hoʻoponopono ʻia, e like me ka bacon, e mālama ai iā lākou a hoʻolōʻihi iā lākou i mea lōʻihi.

I kekahi ʻano, hiki ke weliweli nā nitrates a me nā nitrites. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa paha iā lākou nā pono olakino.

Loiloi kēia ʻatikala i nā nitrates a me nā nitrites i ka papaʻai.

He aha nā nitrates a me nā nitrites?

ʻO Nitrates a me nā nitrites ʻelua mau ʻano hui like ʻole.

ʻO Nitrates (NO3) kahi o hoʻokahi atoma nitrogen a ʻekolu mau ʻokoma oxygen. Nitrites (NO2) komo i hoʻokahi nitrogen ʻĀtoma a me ʻelua oxygen ʻĀtoma.

Kūleʻa ʻole ʻo Nitrates, ʻo ia hoʻi kūpaʻa lākou a ʻaʻole paha e loli a hana i ka ʻeha.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā bacteria i loko o ka waha a i ʻole nā ​​ʻenemoni i loko o ke kino ke hoʻolilo iā lākou i mau nitrite, a he mea ʻino paha kēia.

Ma ka huli, hiki i nā nitrites ke lilo i:

• nitric oxide, kahi mea pono no ke kino
• nitrosamines, i hiki ke hōʻeha

Aia kekahi ʻike hou aku e pili ana i kēia mau mea ma lalo.

Hoʻohui nā mea hana i nā nitrite i kaʻiʻo e mālama iā lākou. ʻO lākou ke kumu no ke aha e hoʻōla ai ka ʻiʻo a ʻulaʻula paha. I kaʻiʻo, huli nā nitrites i nitride oxide. Hana kēia me nā protein i kaʻiʻo, hoʻololi i kona kala a kōkua i ka mālama ʻana iā ia. (1).

Me ka ʻole o nā nitrites a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe, huli koke ka ʻai i kaʻiʻo.

ʻO nā nitrates a me nā nitrites he mau pūhui i loko o nā ʻokoma a me nā ʻokikene oxygen. Hiki i nā Nitrates ke lilo i nitrite, a laila hiki ke hana i kekahi nitric oxide (maikaʻi) a i ʻole nitrosamines (maikaʻi ʻole).

Kahi e loaʻa ai nā nitrates a me nā nitrites

Hoʻohui pinepine nā mea hana meaʻai i nā nitrates a me nā nitrite i nā ʻiʻo i hana ʻia, e like me ka puaʻa, ka ham, nā sausages, a me nā ʻīlio wela.

Kōkua kēia mau mea hoʻohui i:

• pale i ka ulu ʻana o nā koʻohune ʻino
• hoʻohui i kahi ʻono paʻakai
• hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hiʻohiʻona o kaʻiʻo ma ka hāʻawi ʻana iā ia i kahi ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha

ʻO ka lawe kiʻekiʻe ʻana o nā ʻiʻo i hana ʻia e hoʻonui ai i ka makaʻu no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka maʻi digestive. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe ʻo nā nitrates a me nā nitrites ke kumu o ka hoʻonui i ka makaʻu (2,).

Eia nō naʻe, kū kūlohelohe nā nitrates a me nā nitrite i nā mea kanu, i hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha i ka makaʻu no kekahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe (, 5).

I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, e like me kahi noiʻi, loaʻa i ka poʻe ma kahi o 80% o kā lākou ʻai nitrates mai nā mea kanu ().

Hoʻopuka pū ke kino i nā nitrates a hūnā iā lākou i lawā (7, 8).

Hoʻopili ka Nitrates a me nā nitrites mai ka ʻōnaehana digestive i loko o ke koko, a laila i ka lawaiʻa, a hoʻi i loko o ka ʻōnaehana digestive ().

He mea pono paha lākou i ka mālama ʻana i kou kino i ke olakino, ʻoiai ke ʻano he antimicrobial i ka ʻōnaehana digestive. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i ka luku ʻana i nā koʻohune, e like me Salmonella (, ).

Hiki iā lākou ke lilo i nitric oxide (NO), kahi mole mole hōʻailona nui ().

Kūlohelohe pū kekahi nā Nitrates i ka wai. I kekahi mau wahi, hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea hoʻomomona ke alakaʻi i nā kiʻekiʻe o nā nitrates i hiki ke hōʻeha i nā keiki. No kēia kumu, hoʻoponopono nā luna olakino i nā pae nitrate i ka wai inu ().

Aia nā Nitrates ma kahi liʻiliʻi i nā ʻiʻo i hana ʻia a me nā nui i nā meaʻai olakino e like me nā mea kanu. Kū lākou i loko o ka wai inu, a hana ke kino o ke kanaka i nā nitrates.

Pehea ka nitrates i ke kaomi o ke koko a me ke olakino puʻuwai

Ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana, nalowale ka nitrite i kahi oxygen atom. A laila, lilo ia i nitric oxide, kahi mole mole nui.

Loaʻa nā hana like ʻole o Nitric oxide (NO) i ke kino. Hiki ke onaona i nā nui, akā hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ke kino (14).

ʻO ka mea nui loa, he mole mole hōʻailona kēlā. Hele ia ma waena o nā paia artery a hoʻouna i nā hōʻailona i nā huna puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi a puni nā aʻa, e haʻi ana iā lākou e hoʻomaha ().

Ke hoʻomaha kēia mau huna, laha nā kīʻaha koko, a iho i lalo ke koko.

ʻO Nitroglycerin kahi lāʻau i loaʻa nā nitrates. Hoʻohana nā mea lawelawe olakino iā ia e mālama i ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka puʻuwai a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe ().

Hiki i ka Nitroglycerin ke pale a hōʻole i ka angina, kahi ʻano o ka ʻeha o ka umauma i kū ʻia ke loaʻa ʻole ka oxygen i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai ma muli o ke kahe o ke kahe o ke koko.

Hiki ke hoʻololi i nā nitratesʻai a me nā nitrites i nitride oxide, hoʻonui i nā kīʻaha koko, a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko ().

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi e hiki i nā meaʻai i kiʻekiʻe i nā nitrates a me nā nitrites, e like me ka beetroot a i ʻole ka wai beetroot, ke hoʻemi i ke kahe o ke koko. I hoʻokahi o nā noi ʻana, hāʻule ke kahe o ke koko a i 4-10 mm / Hg ma kahi o kekahi mau hola (,,).

ʻO ke kahe kiʻekiʻe ke kumu nui o ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ka hahau, nā ʻano maʻamau i hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

I ke kino, hiki i nā nitrite ke lilo i nitric oxide (NO), kahi mole mole hoʻoliʻiliʻi e hoʻonui ai nā kīʻaha koko a hoʻēmi i ke koko.

Hiki i nā nitrates ke hoʻoulu i ka hana kino?

Hōʻike nā noiʻi e hiki i nā nitrates ke hoʻonui i ka hana kino, keu hoʻi i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o ka hoʻomanawanui kiʻekiʻe.

Hoʻohana pinepine kekahi poʻe i ka wai beetroot a i ʻole ka wai beetroot no kēia kumu, no ka mea, loaʻa nā kiʻekiʻe o nā nitrates iā lākou.

ʻO ke kumu o kēia hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana kino ma muli o nā nitrates e hoʻonui nei i ka pono o ka mitochondria. ʻO Mitochondria nā ʻāpana o nā hunaola e hoʻohua i ka ikehu ().

Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi ʻana e hiki i ka beetroot ke hōʻemi i ke kumukūʻai oxygen o ka hoʻoikaika kino e 5.4%, hoʻonui i ka manawa i ka luhi ke holo ʻia e 15%, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana sprinting e 4% (,,).

Hōʻike nā noiʻi e hiki i nā nitratesʻai a me nā nitrites ke hoʻonui i ka hana kino, keu hoʻi i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka hana kiʻekiʻe.

Nā pilikia o nā nitrates a me nā nitrites

ʻO nā nitrates a me nā nitrite he mau mea pono nui, akā hiki iā lākou ke lilo i mea weliweli inā hana lākou i nā nitrosamines. Hiki ke hana i nā Nitrosamines inā kuke ʻoe i nā nitrates a i ʻole nitrites i ka wela nui. (25).

Aia kekahi mau ʻano nitrosamines, a he nui nā mea e hiki ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu no ka maʻi ʻaʻai. (26).

ʻO Nitrosamines kekahi o nā carcinogens nui i ka uahi paka, no ka laʻana.

Hiki i ka Bacon, nā ʻīlio wela, a me nā meaʻai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o nā sodium nitrite ʻelua. Nui lākou i ka protein, i hana ʻia e nā amino acid. I ka hōʻike ʻana i ka wela nui, hana kēia hui i nā kūlana kūpono no nā nitrosamines e hana ().

ʻO ke kuke ʻana i nā mea ʻai, eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana i nā nitrosamines. Kākaʻikahi ka poʻe e kuke i nā mea kanu i ka wela nui, a ʻaʻohe nui o ka protein.

Ke loaʻa nā nitrites a me nā amino acid, hiki ke hana i nā hui carcinogenic i kapa ʻia he nitrosamines i ka wā kuke ʻana me ka wela nui.

Pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka hōʻike ʻana o nitrosamine

Pono nā mea hana hana e kaupalena i ka nui o nā nitrite a lākou e hoʻohana ai i nā ʻiʻo i hana ʻia e ke kānāwai, no ka mea ʻo nā pilikia e kau ʻia e nitrosamines.

Pono lākou e hoʻohui i ka wikamina C, kahi e kāohi ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nitrosamine ().

ʻO kaʻiʻo i hana ʻia āu e ʻai ai i kēia lā he ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nitrite ma mua o kāna hana i mau makahiki i hala aku nei.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kou makaʻi ʻana o ka nitrosamine i ke koho ʻana i ke koho naʻauao i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻiʻo i hana ʻia, e like me ka bacon.

Kūʻai kekahi mau puka i nā bacon maikaʻi ʻole me ka ʻole nitrate. Pono e hōʻike i nā mea hoʻohui i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka pēpē i loko o nā nitrates.

Pono ʻoe e kaha i nā lepili no:

• sodium nitrate (E251)
• sodium nitrite (E250)
• potassium nitrate (E252)
• potassium nitrite (E249)

He mea pono e nānā i nā mea hoʻohui. ʻO kekahi o nā ala kūlohelohe a me nā ʻokanika o ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻiʻo, e like me ka paʻakai keleka, hiki ke loaʻa nā nitrates. A ʻo kahi hopena, loaʻa paha i kekahi mau bacon "nitrate free" ʻoi aku nā nitrates ma mua o ka bacon maʻamau (29).

E hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka puaʻa haʻahaʻa i nā nitrates, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo i kēia mau mea:

• Kūʻai i kahi kūloko kahi e hiki ai a i ʻole mai kahi mākeke mahiʻai.
• E ʻike i kahi mea hoʻolako i nā puaʻa mai nā puaʻa i hānai ʻia.
• Fry a kuke paha i ka puaʻa ma kahi wela haʻahaʻa no ka lōʻihi a pale i ka puhi ʻana iā ia.

Hōʻike kahi aʻo kahiko i ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i ka bacon i loko o ka hawewe uila ke ala maikaʻi loa e hōʻemi ai i ke kūkulu ʻana o nitrosamine (30).

Eia kahi wikiō me nā ʻōkuhi pehea e hana ai i kēia.

ʻO nā Nitrates kekahi ʻano o ka preservative, a ʻo ka bacon i haʻahaʻa i nā nitrates ʻaʻole paha e lōʻihi e like me ka lōʻihi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama iā ia no ka lōʻihi loa e ka hau ʻana.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kāu makaʻu o ka ʻike nitrosamine ma ke koho pono ʻana i nā huahana i hana ʻia i haʻahaʻa i nā mea hoʻohui i loaʻa nā nitrates.

Ke laina lalo

ʻO nā nitrates a me nā nitrites nā mea hoʻohui kūlohelohe i ke kino o ke kanaka a me kekahi mau meaʻai. Hoʻohui pū ʻia lākou i kekahi mau meaʻai i hana ʻia e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola.

Hiki iā lākou ke loli i loko o ka nitric oxide, hoʻonui i kou mau kīʻaha koko, a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kahe o ke koko. Eia kekahi, hoʻonui lākou i ka hana kino.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hana i nā nitrosamines hui pū kekahi carcinogenic inā ʻoe e kuke i nā nitrates a i ʻole nā ​​nitrites i ka wela nui, kahi e loaʻa ai kahi olakino olakino.

Ma muli o nā kānāwai koʻikoʻi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā nitrite i nā meaʻai i hoʻoponopono ʻia i kēia lā, ʻoiai nā mea hana e kaupalena i ka nui a lākou e hoʻohana ai.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kou makaʻi ʻana o ka nitrosamine i ke aʻo pono ʻana i ka lepili ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻiʻo i hana ʻia e loaʻa ai kahi huahana me ka palena a ʻaole paha nā mea hoʻohui i loaʻa nā nitrates.