Nā Lāʻau Antiemetic

Anter

• Nā ʻano o nā lāʻau antiemetic
• Antiemetics no ka maʻi neʻe
• Antiemetics no ka maʻi ʻōpū
• Antiemetics no ka chemotherapy
• Antiemetics no ke ʻoki kino
• Antiemetics no ka maʻi kakahiaka
• Nā hopena o nā lāʻau antiemetic
• Nā lāʻau antiemetic kūlohelohe
• Palekana nā lāʻau antiemetic no ka hāpai ʻana
• Palekana nā lāʻau antiemetic no nā keiki
• No ka maʻi neʻe
• No ka gastroenteritis
• ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

He aha nā lāʻau antiemetic?

Kau ʻia nā lāʻau antiemetic e kōkua me ka nausea a me ka luaʻi e pili ana i nā hopena ʻē aʻe o nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Pākuʻi paha kēia i nā lāʻau no ka anesthesia i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā o ke ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole chemotherapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau antiemetic no ka nausea a me ka luaʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e:

• maʻi neʻe
• maʻi kakahiaka i ka wā hāpai
• nā hihia koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi ʻōpū (gastroenteritis)
• nā maʻi ʻē aʻe

Hana kēia mau lāʻau i ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i nā mea loaʻa nā neurotransmitter e pili ana i ka luaʻi. ʻO nā Neurotransmitters nā hunaola e loaʻa nā hōʻailona e hoʻouna i kahi hoʻāʻo nerve. Kūpilikiʻi nā ala e kaohi ai i kēia mau hopena o ke kino. ʻO ke ʻano o ka lāʻau antiemetic i hoʻohana ʻia e kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kumu.

Nā ʻano o nā lāʻau antiemetic

Lawe ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau antiemetic e ka waha. Loaʻa nā mea ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano he injection a i ʻole he patch i kau ʻia i kou kino no laila ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e ale i kekahi mea. ʻO ke ʻano o ka lāʻau antiemetic āu e ʻai ai ma muli o ka hopena o kāu hōʻailona.

Antiemetics no ka maʻi neʻe

Loaʻa nā antihistamines e pale aku ai i ka nausea a me ka luaʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi neʻe ma luna o ka counter (OTC). Hana lākou ma ka mālama ʻana i kou pepeiao o loko mai ka ʻike ʻana i ka neʻe a hoʻokomo pū:

• dimenhydrinate (Dramamine, Gravol)
• meclizine (Dramamine emi hiamoe, Bonine)

Antiemetics no ka maʻi ʻōpū

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi ʻōpū, a i ʻole gastroenteritis, e kahi maʻi maʻi a mea maʻi paha. Hana ka lāʻau OTC bismuth-subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) ma ka uhi ʻana i ka uhi o kou ʻōpū. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo i ka glucose OTC, fructose, a i ʻole phosphoric acid (Emetrol).

Antiemetics no ka chemotherapy

ʻO kausea a me ka luaʻi kekahi ʻāpana maʻamau o ka mālama ʻana i ka chemotherapy. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau antiemetic ma mua a ma hope o ka chemotherapy e pale ai i nā ʻōuli.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i kākau ʻia:

• serotonin 5-HT3 mea loaʻa antagonists: dolasetron (Anzemet), granisetron (Kytril, Sancuso), ondansetron (Zofran, Zuplenz), palonosetron (Aloxi)
• antagonists dopamine: prochlorperazine (Compazine), domperidone (Motilium, ʻaʻole loaʻa i ka US), olanzapine (Zyprexa)
• Nā poʻe ʻenemi receptor NK1: aprepitant (Emend), rolapitant (Varubi)
• Corticosteroids: dexamethasone (DexPak)
• cannabinoids: cannabis (mariuana lapaʻau), dronabinol (Marinol)

Antiemetics no ke ʻoki kino

ʻO ka nausea postoperative a me ka luaʻi (PONV) hiki ke kumu ʻia e ka anesthesia i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā o kahi ʻoki. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia no ka mālama ʻana iā PONV:

• serotonin 5-HT3 mea loaʻa antagonists: dolasetron, granisetron, ondansetron
• antagonists dopamine: metoclopramide (Reglan), droperidol (Inapsine), domperidone
• Corticosteroids: dexamethasone

Antiemetics no ka maʻi kakahiaka

Kūleʻa ka maʻi kakahiaka i ka wā hāpai. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau antiemetic ke ʻole inā koʻikoʻi.

ʻO Hyperemesis gravidarum kahi pilikia hāpai e hoʻonāukiuki i ka nausea a me ka luaʻi. Inā loaʻa kēia ʻano iā ʻoe, hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha:

• antihistamines, e like me dimenhydrinate
• wikamina B-6 (pyridoxine)
• ʻO nā antagonists dopamine, e like me prochlorperazine, promethazine (Pentazine, Phenergan)
• metoclopramide inā hana ʻole nā ​​lāʻau ʻē aʻe

Nā hopena o nā lāʻau antiemetic

Pili nā hopena ʻaoʻao i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau antiemetic āu e lawe ai:

• bismuth-subsalicylate: alelo ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, noho hina hina-ʻeleʻele hina
• antihistamines: luuluu, waha maloʻo
• antagonists dopamine: waha maloʻo, māluhiluhi, paʻa paʻa, tinnitus, nā ʻāʻī muso, hoʻomaha ʻole
• ʻO nā agonists nā neurokinin receptor: hoʻemi i ka urination, waha maloʻo, ʻehaʻeha puʻuwai
• serotonin 5-HT3 mea loaʻa antagonists: kōpaʻa, waha maloʻo, luhi
• Corticosteroids: hoʻouluʻai, huehue, hoʻonui i ka makemake a me ka make wai
• cannabinoids: nā loli i ka ʻike, piko

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau mea, e nīnau i kāu kauka:

• ke kaumaha o ka nausea a i ʻole ka luaʻi
• paʻa paʻa
• nāwaliwali o nā mākala
• haʻalulu
• lilo o ka hoʻolohe ʻana
• puʻuwai wikiwiki
• hiamoe nui
• haʻi waha
• nā hōʻailona psychological, e like me nā hallucination a i ʻole huikau

Nā lāʻau antiemetic kūlohelohe

ʻO ka antiemetic maoli i kaulana loa ka ginger (ʻO Zingiber officinale). Loaʻa iā Ginger nā antagonists 5-HT3 i kapa ʻia he gingerols. Hōʻike nā noiʻi hoʻokolohua he maikaʻi paha ka luʻulu i ka mālama ʻana i ka nausea a me ka luaʻi. Piʻi i ka wai ʻōiwi hou i loko o ka wai wela e hana ai i ke kī, a hoʻāʻo paha i ka ginger candied, biscuits ginger, a i ʻole ale ginger.

Aromatherapy me ka peppermint aila nui paha he ala e lanakila ai i ka nausea a me ka luaʻi. E hoʻāʻo e ʻānai i nā kulu ʻelua i ka hope o kou ʻāʻī a lawe i nā hanu hohonu.

Hōʻike ʻia ʻo Cannabis kekahi. Loaʻa i kēia manawa ma ke kānāwai ma nā mokuʻāina he nui, akā e manaʻo ʻia paha he lāʻau kū ʻole i ke kānāwai i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

Palekana nā lāʻau antiemetic no ka hāpai ʻana

Palekana nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me meclizine a dimenhydrinate no nā wahine hāpai. Loaʻa ka palekana o ka Vitamin B-6 a me nā antagonists dopamine, akā hoʻohana wale ʻia ia i nā hihia koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi kakahiaka.

ʻAʻole palekana ʻo Cannabis a i ʻole mariuana i ka wā hāpai. Pili ka lāʻau i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa hānau hānau a hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka lolo a me nā pilikia o ka hana i nā keiki. Paipai ʻole ʻo Pepto-Bismol.

Palekana nā lāʻau antiemetic no nā keiki

He mea maikaʻi mau ke nīnau aku i ke kauka ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka lāʻau i nā keiki.

No ka maʻi neʻe

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Dimenhydrinate a me diphenhydramine (Benadryl) e mālama ai i ka nausea i nā keiki ma mua o 2 mau makahiki, akā e mālama pono i nā ʻōkuhi lāʻau.

No ka gastroenteritis

Ua ʻike ʻia nā noiʻi hou e palekana paha ka ondansetron no nā keiki me kahi hihia koʻikoʻi o gastroenteritis.

ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Promethazine e nā pēpē a me nā keiki ʻōpio. Mai hāʻawi i ka bismuth-subsalicylate i nā keiki he 12 mau makahiki a ʻoi paha.

ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

Nui nā lāʻau antiemetic no ka mālama ʻana i ka nausea a me ka luaʻi, akā ʻo ka lāʻau āu e hoʻāʻo ai e kaukaʻi i ka mea e hopena ai i kāu hōʻailona. E nānā pono e heluhelu pono i nā lepili a i ʻole hāhai i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kāu kauka. No nā hihia maʻalahi o ka nausea a i ʻole ka luaʻi, e hoʻāʻo i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka ginger.