Pituitary adenoma: he aha ia, nā kumu nui a me ka mālama ʻana

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui
• 1. Lactotrophic adenoma
• 2. ʻO adenoma Somatotrophic
• 3. Corticotrophic adenoma
• 4. ʻO adenoma Gonadotrophic
• 5. Thyrotrophic adenoma
• 6. Hoʻonā huna ʻole adenoma
• Nā kumu o ka pituitary adenoma
• Pehea e hōʻoia ai i ke kuhi
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau
• ʻOki kino
• Nā Lapaʻau

ʻO ka pituitary adenoma, a i ʻike ʻia he pituitary adenoma, kahi ʻano maʻi pituitary tumine, he wahi i loaʻa i ka lolo a he kuleana no ka kaohi ʻana i ka hana ʻana o nā homone e like me ka cortisol, prolactin, ka hormone ulu a me nā hormoni e hoʻoulu ai i nā ovaries a me nā testicle. , o kahi laʻana.

He kakaikahi kēia ʻano tumo a, no ka mea he maikaʻi ia, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoweliweli i ke ola, akā hiki iā ia ke kumu i nā hōʻailona e hōʻemi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola e like me ka infertility, hoʻoliʻiliʻi libido, hana waiū a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona neurological e like me headache a hapa hapa o ka hihio.

Ke hōʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli e hōʻike i kahi adenoma i ka pituitary gland, he mea nui e nīnau aku i ka endocrinologist, neurologist a i ʻole oncologist e hana i nā hoʻokolohua diagnostics, e ʻike i ka pilikia a hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau kūpono kūpono.

Nā hōʻailona nui

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻo nā ʻōuli maʻamau o ka pituitary adenoma he maʻi ʻeha, hoʻemi ka hihiʻo, hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka moekolohe a me nā loli i ka wā menstrual i nā wahine.

Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hōʻike a ʻokoʻa e like me ke ʻano o ka hormone i hoʻopili ʻia e ka adenoma.

1. Lactotrophic adenoma

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka adactoma pituitary ʻo Lactotrophic e hyperprolactinemia, ʻo ia ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hormone prolactin, kuleana no ka hana waiū. I kēia ʻano adenoma ka hōʻailona nui ka hana ʻana o ka waiū i nā poli o nā kāne a me nā wahine ʻaʻole waiū.

Hoʻohui ʻia, hōʻemi ʻia nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi i ka makemake moekolohe, ka hānau ʻole, nā loli a me ka impotence i nā kāne.

2. ʻO adenoma Somatotrophic

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka Somatotrophic pituitary adenoma me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hana ʻana o ka hormone ulu a hiki ke hoʻonui i ka nui a me ka mānoanoa o nā manamana lima a me nā manamana wāwae, me kahi hoʻonui i ka lae, ka iwi a me ka ihu e hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka maka. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano he acromegaly, i nā mākua, a gigantism paha, i nā keiki.

Hoʻohui ʻia, nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e pili pū me ka ʻeha hui, nāwaliwali o nā mākala, hoʻemi i ka makemake moekolohe, nā loli i ka pōʻai menstrual, hoʻonui i ka hana ʻana o ka hou a luhi paha.

3. Corticotrophic adenoma

Pili ka Corticotrophic pituitary adenoma i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hana ʻana o ka hormona Cortisol, ʻo ia ke kuleana no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose koko a me ka waiho ʻana o ka momona i nā aʻa a me nā meaola.

ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki i kēia ʻano penitary adenoma ke kumu i ka maʻi o Cushing e kumu ai nā ʻōuli o ke kaupaona wikiwiki ʻana, ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka momona ma ka maka a me ke kua, nāwaliwali o nā mākala, nā lauoho ma nā pepeiao a me nā pilikia o ka ʻili e like me ka huehue a me ka hoʻōla maikaʻi ʻole, no ka laʻana.

Hoʻohui, hiki i kēia ʻano pituitary adenoma ke kumu o ke kaumaha a me ke ʻano o ka naʻau.

4. ʻO adenoma Gonadotrophic

ʻO ka adadoma pituitary ʻo Gonadotrophic pili i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana o nā hormones e kāohi ana i ka ovulation i nā wahine a me ka sperm i nā kāne. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe ʻano kikoʻī o kēia ʻano pituitary adenoma.

5. Thyrotrophic adenoma

ʻO Thyrotrophic adenoma kahi ʻano o ka pituitary adenoma kahi e hoʻonui ʻia ai ka hana ʻana o nā hormone thyroid i hiki ke hana i ka hyperthyroidism. ʻO nā ʻōuli o kēia ʻano adenoma pituitary me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka puʻuwai, ka hopohopo, ka hoʻonāukiuki, ka pohō kaumaha, ka haʻalulu a me ke kuhi ʻana o ka ʻōnohi maka.

6. Hoʻonā huna ʻole adenoma

ʻO ka adenoma pituitary non-secretory kahi ʻano o ka adituoma pituitary ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i ka hana ʻana o nā homone, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻonui i nā hormoni a hōʻike pinepine ʻole i nā ʻōuli. Eia nō naʻe, inā e hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana o ka adenoma, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokau i ka pituitary gland a hopena i nā loli hormonal.

Nā kumu o ka pituitary adenoma

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā kumu o ka pituitary adenoma, eia naʻe hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi e hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻano tumo ma muli o nā loli o ka DNA o nā hunaola a i ʻole i ka poʻe i loaʻa nā ʻano pilikia ʻē aʻe e like me:

• ʻO nā neoplasia endocrine nui: ʻO kēia maʻi kahi maʻi hoʻoilina maʻamau i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā loli o DNA e kumu ai i kahi tumo a i ʻole hoʻonui ʻia ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻōpala like ʻole i loko o ke kino, me ka pituitary gland, ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ka makaʻu o ka pituitary adenoma;
• ʻO ka maʻi maʻi ʻo McCune-Albright: hiki ke hoʻololi i kēia maʻi genetic rare ma muli o nā loli o ka DNA a hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hana o nā hormones o ka pituitary gland a, me nā pilikia i nā iwi a me nā ʻili;
• Pākuʻi Carney: He maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻohana laha ʻole ia e hiki ai i ka pituitary adenoma a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e pili ana e like me ka prostate a me ka thyroid a me nā ovist cista.

Eia hou, hiki i ka pāhawewe ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o nā loli i ka DNA a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka adituoma pituitary.

Pehea e hōʻoia ai i ke kuhi

ʻO ke kuhi o ka pituitary adenoma i hana ʻia e kahi neurologist a i ʻole oncologist e like me nā ʻōuli a me nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e kālailai i nā pae hormonone a me nā:

• Cortisol i ka mimi, kuha a i ʻole koko;
• ʻO ka hormone Luteotrophic a me ka hormone stimulate i ke koko;
• Prolactin i loko o ke koko;
• Hālau Glycemic;
• ʻO nā homone thyroid e like me TSH, T3 a me T4 i loko o ke koko.

Eia hou, e hōʻoia i ke kuhi, hiki i ke kauka ke noi i kahi MRI o ka pituitary gland.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

Hiki ke hana i ka mālama ʻana i ka adituoma pituitary me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka lāʻau a i ʻole ke ʻoki a pili i ka ʻano adenoma a me ka nui o ka tumo.

ʻOki kino

Kuhi ʻia ke kaha inā ʻaʻohe mea huna o ka pituitary adenoma a ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 cm. Eia hou, ma kēia hihia hōʻike wale ʻia ka lāʻau ʻokiʻoki inā loaʻa ka ʻōuli o ka nalo a i ʻole ka loli i ka hihiʻo.

Ke emi ka tumo huna ʻole ma mua o 1 cm a i ʻole me nā hōʻailona ʻole, hana ʻia ka mālama ʻana me ka mālama lāʻau olakino pinepine ʻana a me ke kiʻi ʻana o ka resonance ʻume mākenēki e loiloi i ka ulu ʻana o ka tumo i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. inā pono, hiki i ke kauka ke paipai i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka lāʻau a i ʻole ke ʻoki kino.

Eia hou, no ka pituitary adenomas kahi e loli ai ka hormone ulu a i ʻole ka cortisol, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ke kahakaha, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau.

Nā Lapaʻau

Hoʻololi nā lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka adenoma me ke ʻano o ka adenoma a hoʻopili pū me:

• Pegvisomanto, octreotide a i ʻole lanreotide: i kuhikuhi ʻia no somatotrophic adenoma;
• Ketoconazole a i ʻole mitotane: i kuhikuhi ʻia no ka adenoma corticotrophic;
• Cabergoline a i ʻole bromocriptine: kuhikuhi ʻia no ka adenoma lactotrophic.

Eia hou, hiki i ke kauka ke paipai i ka radiotherapy i nā hihia o somatotrophic a i ʻole corticotrophic adenoma.