ʻO nā ho'āʻo ʻana o Bacillus Acid-Fast (AFB)

Anter

• He aha nā hoʻokolohua bacillus wikiwiki (acid) (AFB)?
• No ke aha lākou e hoʻohana ai?
• No ke aha wau e pono ai i kahi hōʻike AFB?
• He aha ka hana ma ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o AFB?
• Pono wau e hana i kekahi mea e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hoʻāʻo?
• Aia kekahi mau pilikia i ka hoʻāʻo?
• He aha ke ʻano o nā hopena?
• Aia kekahi mea ʻē aʻe e pono iaʻu e ʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o AFB?
• Nā kūmole

He aha nā hoʻokolohua bacillus wikiwiki (acid) (AFB)?

ʻO ka bacillus ʻakika wikiwiki (AFB) kahi ʻano o nā maʻi bacteria e kumu ai i ka maʻi pākī a me kekahi mau maʻi ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka maʻi puʻupuʻu, ʻike ʻia he TB, kahi maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi nui e hoʻopili nui i nā māmā. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me ka lolo, ka iwi kuamoʻo, a me nā puʻupaʻa. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ka TB mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi kanaka ma o ka ʻū ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻū ʻana.

Hiki i ka TB ke hoʻopaʻa a hana paha. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka latent TB, loaʻa iā ʻoe nā koʻohune TB i kou kino akā ʻaʻole ʻoe e maʻi a hiki ʻole ke hoʻolaha i ka maʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka TB hana, loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi a hiki ke hoʻolaha i ka maʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

Kauoha pinepine ʻia nā hoʻāʻo AFB no ka poʻe me nā ʻōuli o ka TB hana. Nānā nā hoʻokolohua i ka hiki ʻana o nā koʻohune AFB i loko o kou sputum. ʻO ka sputum kahi mucus mānoanoa i ʻūhū ʻia mai nā ake māmā. ʻOkoʻa ia mai kuha a i kuha paha.

ʻElua ʻano nui o nā hoʻokolohua AFB:

• Hamo AFB. I kēia hōʻike, ua "hamo ʻia" kāu hāpana ma kahi kiʻi aniani a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope. Hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i nā hopena i 1-2 mau lā. Hiki i kēia mau hopena ke hōʻike i kahi maʻi hiki a likelike paha, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻawi i kahi ʻike paʻa.
• Moʻomeheu AFB. I kēia hōʻike, lawe ʻia kāu laʻana i kahi lab a waiho ʻia i kahi wahi kūikawā e paipai ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā bacteria. Hiki i kahi moʻomeheu AFB ke hōʻoia pono i kahi hōʻailona o ka TB a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻē aʻe. Akā he 6-8 mau pule e ulu a lawa ka bacteria e ʻike ai i kahi maʻi.

Nā inoa ʻē aʻe: hamo AFB a me ka moʻomeheu, moʻomeheu TB a me ka noʻonoʻo, mycobacteria smear a me ka moʻomeheu

No ke aha lākou e hoʻohana ai?

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā hoʻāʻo AFB no ke kuhi ʻana i kahi maʻi tuberculosis (TB) maʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e kōkua i ke kuhi ʻana i nā ʻano maʻi ʻē aʻe o AFB. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka maʻi lepera ka mea i makaʻu ʻia i kekahi manawa, akā ʻo ka maʻi laha a maʻalahi hoʻi e hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i nā aʻa, nā maka, a me ka ʻili. Lilo ʻulaʻula i ʻulaʻula a me ka flaky, me ka nalo o ka manaʻo.
• ʻO kahi maʻi e like me ka TB e pili nui i ka poʻe me ka maʻi HIV / AIDS a me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nawaliwali.

Hiki paha ke hoʻohana i nā hoʻokolohua AFB no ka poʻe i ʻike mua ʻia me ka TB. Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua ke hōʻike inā ke holo nei ka lāʻau, a inā hiki ke pāhola ʻia ka maʻi i kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe.

No ke aha wau e pono ai i kahi hōʻike AFB?

Pono paha ʻoe i kahi hōʻike AFB inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ka TB hana. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• ʻUha ka lōʻihi o ʻekolu pule a ʻoi paha
• E hoʻomake ana i ke koko a me / a i ʻole ka sputum
• ʻEha ʻeha
• Fiva
• Ka luhi
• Hoʻoulu ka pō
• ʻO ka pohō kaumaha i wehewehe ʻole ʻia

Hiki i ka TB hana ke hana i nā hōʻailona ma nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino ma mua o ka māmā. Hoʻololi nā ʻōuli ma muli o ka ʻāpana o ke kino e hoʻopili ʻia. No laila pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo inā loaʻa iā ʻoe:

• ʻEha kua
• Koko i kou mimi
• ʻEha poʻo
• ʻEha hui
• Nawaliwali

Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻāʻo inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau ʻano pilikia. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke makaʻu kiʻekiʻe loa i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka TB inā ʻoe:

• Ua launa nui aku me kekahi i ʻike ʻia me ka TB
• Loaʻa iā HIV a i ʻole kahi maʻi ʻē aʻe e hoʻonāwaliwali i kou ʻōnaehana pale
• Noho a hana paha ma kahi me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi TB. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia i nā hale noho ʻole, nā hale kahu, a me nā hale paʻahao.

He aha ka hana ma ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o AFB?

Pono kāu mea mālama ola i kahi laʻana o kāu sputum no kahi ʻāpana AFB a me kahi moʻomeheu AFB. Hana mau ʻia nā hōʻike ʻelua i ka manawa like. E kiʻi i nā laulau sputum:

• E noi ʻia ʻoe e moe hohonu a kuha i loko o kahi ipu sterile. Pono ʻoe e hana i kēia no ʻelua a ʻekolu paha lā i ka lālani. Kōkua kēia i ka ʻike o kāu hāpana i ka maʻi bacteria no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi pilikia e ʻūlū i ka sputum lawa, hiki i kāu mea hāʻawi ke noi iā ʻoe e hanu i kahi mist saline (paʻakai) hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hou ka hohonu.
• Inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻokiʻoki i ka sputum lawa, hiki i kāu mea hāʻawi ke hana i kahi hana i kapa ʻia he bronchoscopy. I kēia kaʻina hana, e kiʻi mua ʻoe i ka lāʻau no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻeha. A laila, e hoʻokomo ʻia kahi puʻupuʻu lahilahi, kukui i loko o kou waha a ihu a i loko o kāu mau airways. Hōʻiliʻili ʻia paha ka laʻana e ka omo a i ʻole me kahi palaki liʻiliʻi.

Pono wau e hana i kekahi mea e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hoʻāʻo?

ʻAʻole ʻoe i kahi hoʻomākaukau kūikawā no kahi hamo AFB a i ʻole moʻomeheu.

Aia kekahi mau pilikia i ka hoʻāʻo?

ʻAʻohe mea makaʻu i ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi hāpana sputum e ke kahe ʻana i loko o kahi pahu. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi bronchoscopy, ʻeha paha kou ʻāʻī ma hope o ke kaʻina hana. Aia kekahi wahi liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi a me ke kahe ʻana ma ka pūnaewele kahi i lawe ʻia ai ka hāpana.

He aha ke ʻano o nā hopena?

Inā maikaʻi ʻole kāu mau hopena ma kahi pāheona AFB a i ʻole moʻomeheu, ʻaʻohe paha ʻoe he TB ʻeleu. Akā hiki nō paha ke manaʻo ʻaʻole lawa nā bacteria i ka laʻana no kāu mea mālama ola e hana i kahi hōʻailona.

Inā maikaʻi kāu AFB smear, ʻo ia hoʻi he TB paha kāu a i ʻole he maʻi ʻino ʻē aʻe, akā pono kahi moʻomeheu AFB e hōʻoia i ke kuhi. Hiki i nā hopena moʻomeheu ke hala i mau pule, no laila hoʻoholo paha kāu mea hāʻawi e mālama i kāu maʻi i kēia manawa.

Inā maikaʻi kāu moʻomeheu AFB, ʻo ia hoʻi he maʻi TB kāu a i ʻole he ʻano ʻoi aʻe o ka maʻi AFB. Hiki i ka moʻomeheu ke hoʻomaopopo i kāu ʻano maʻi. I ka manawa i loiloi ʻia ʻoe, e kauoha paha kāu mea hāʻawi i kahi "hōʻoia susceptibility" ma kāu laʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua susceptibility e kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kahi antibiotic e hāʻawi ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa.

Inā he mau nīnau kāu e pili ana i kāu hopena, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka olakino.

E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, nā pae kuhikuhi, a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā hopena.

Aia kekahi mea ʻē aʻe e pono iaʻu e ʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o AFB?

Inā mālama ʻole ʻia, hiki i ka TB ke make. Akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hihia o ka TB hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo e like me ke kuhikuhi a kāu mea mālama ola. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ka TB ma mua o ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano maʻi bacteria. Ma hope o kekahi mau pule ma nā antibiotic, ʻaʻole ʻoe e lele hou aku, akā e loaʻa mau ana ka TB. E hoʻōla ai i ka TB, pono ʻoe e ʻai i nā lāʻau antibiotic no ʻeono a ʻeiwa mau mahina. Aia ka lōʻihi o ka manawa i kou olakino holoʻokoʻa, makahiki, a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe. He mea nui e lawe i nā lāʻau ʻalopika no ka mea ke haʻi aku kāu mea lawelawe iā ʻoe, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻO ke kū ʻana i ke kakahiaka hiki ke hoʻihoʻi i ka maʻi.

Nā kūmole

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ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana i ka ʻike ma kēia pūnaewele i pani no ka mālama olakino ʻoihana a ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo paha. Kāhea aku i ka mea mālama ola inā he nīnau kāu e pili ana i kou olakino.