Hiki i ka ACA ke hoʻopau i nā makuahine hānai hānai?

Anter

• No ke aha he mea nui ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū no ka ulu ʻana o kahi pēpē
• ʻO nā pale i kēia manawa i nā māku hana
• Pehea e pale ʻia ai ka hānai waiū i ka ACA?
• 1. Kākoʻo hānai umauma wahi hana
• He aha nā kānāwai e pale aku ai i nā makuahine ma ka pae mokuʻāina?
• Pehea ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā kuleana makuahine ma ka U.S. i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe?

ʻO kekahi o nā nīnau mua a nā makuahine e pane ai ma hope o ka hānau ʻana inā paha e hānai lākou i ka waiū a i ʻole ʻaʻole. ʻO ka nui a ʻoi aku paha o nā wahine o ka U.S. e ʻōlelo nei "ʻae."

I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, e like me ka, ʻehā o kēlā me kēia keiki ʻelima i hānau ʻia i 2013 i hoʻomaka e hānai. Ma mua o ka hapalua o lākou e hānai waiū ana i nā mahina ʻeono, a kokoke i ka hapakolu o ka hānai ʻana i nā mahina he 12.

"Ke ulu nui nei ka makemake o ka hānai ʻana i nā waiū i nā makahiki i hala aku nei," wahi a Kauka Lauren Hanley, ka loea i ka lāʻau hānai hānai ma Massachusetts General Hospital a me ka noho o ka Gynecology Expert Work Group on Breastfeeding for the American Congress of Obstetrician (ACOG).

"ʻO ka nui o kā mākou aʻo ʻana e pili ana i ka umauma a me ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū a me nā pōmaikaʻi he nui, ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana o nā wahine i ka hānai ʻana," i hoʻohui ʻo ia.

No ke aha he mea nui ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū no ka ulu ʻana o kahi pēpē

Wahi a ka a me UNICEF, pono i nā pēpē ke loaʻa ka waiū umauma a hiki i ka piha ʻana o lākou i 6 mau makahiki. A laila mai 6 mau mahina a hiki i ka liʻiliʻi o 2 mau makahiki, pono lākou e loaʻa ka waiū umauma, a me ka meaʻai.

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka CDC e hoʻonui i ka pākēneka o nā makuahine o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i hānai waiū a hiki i kahi pahuhopu 81.9 pakeneka. I kēia manawa, kū nā mokuʻāina 29 i kēlā pahuhopu.

ʻOiai ke paipai nei kēlā helu, hōʻike kā lākou ʻikepili i ka wā e pili ana i ka lōʻihi, ʻaʻole hana nā makuahine he nui i ʻeono mahina o ka hānai ʻana. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, 51.8 wale nō pākēneka o nā makuahine o ʻAmelika Huipū ʻia e hānai mau nei i ka helu o ka mahina ʻeono, a 30.7 wale nō pākēneka ma ka māka makahiki hoʻokahi.

Hōʻike kēia ʻoiai makemake ka hapanui o nā makuahine e hānai i kā lākou keiki, "ʻaʻole paha lākou e loaʻa i ke kākoʻo e pono ai, e like me nā mea mālama ola, nā lālā ʻohana, a me nā luna hana," e like me ka CDC.

ʻO nā pale i kēia manawa i nā māku hana

"Maopopo iā mākou makemake ka hapa nui o nā makuahine e hānai. Ma mua o 80 pākēneka e koho i ka hānai a hoʻomaka i ka haukapila, "wahi a Megan Renner, ka luna hoʻomalu o ka United States Breastfeeding Committee (USBC). "Maopopo iā mākou ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa kahi a mākou i uku ʻole ai i ka ʻohana i kahi ana nui loa ke hoʻi mākou i ka hana a nā makuahine, ʻike mākou i nā helu hānai waiū e hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui loa i ka hala ʻana o nā pule.

"He mea hōʻeha maoli nō ia i ka manawa e makemake ai nā makuahine e hānai hānai akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa iā lākou ke kākoʻo mai ko lākou ʻohana a i ʻole ka luna hana a i ʻole nā ​​mea lawelawe olakino."

ʻOiai nā pōmaikaʻi i ʻike ʻia i ka makuahine a me ka pēpē, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kauka Hanley he nui nō nā ālaina ma ka U.S. i hoʻolilo i ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū maikaʻi i mea paʻakikī.

"Aia i waena o kēia ka nui o kā mākou uku hana o nā wahine a me ka nele o ka uku hānai hānau. No laila, ʻo nā kaomi e hoʻi i ka hana wikiwiki ma hope o ka hānau ʻana he pilikia nui loa i nā wahine e hoʻokele i ka hānai waiū, ka makua, a me ka hana ʻana ma waho o ka home, "i ʻōlelo ʻo ia.

ʻO kēia ke kumu o ke koʻikoʻi o nā mea hānai hānai i ka Affordable Care Act (ACA), hoʻohui ʻo ia.

Pehea e pale ʻia ai ka hānai waiū i ka ACA?

I ka makahiki 2010, ua kau inoa ʻo Pelekikena Obama i ka ACA i kānāwai. Aia he ʻekolu mau hoʻolako o ka ACA i loaʻa ka hopena pololei i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā hoʻopukapuka hou a me nā kākoʻo no nā ʻohana hānai.

1. Kākoʻo hānai umauma wahi hana

ʻO ka ʻāpana 4207 o ka ACA, "Wā Hoʻomaha Wae kūpono no nā makuahine kahu maʻi," koi nā luna hana me nā limahana he 50 a ʻoi aku ka manawa no ka hoʻomaha ʻana i nā makuahine no hoʻokahi makahiki a hāʻawi i wahi pilikino (ʻaʻole ia lumi ʻauʻau) e hana pēlā. ʻO kēia ka manawa mua e loaʻa ai ka pale pekelala no ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū ma ka hana. ʻOiai pili wale nō ka hoʻolako ʻenehana i nā limahana hana ʻole (hola), he nui nā luna hana i hāʻawi i kēia kākoʻo i kā lākou limahana uku.

"Loaʻa kēia i ka ʻāina pekelala no ka manawa mua ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka ACA, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hemolele ke ʻano o ka uhi ʻana, he manawa nui ia e hōʻike ai i ke kākoʻo no nā māmā hana e makemake ana e hānai," wahi a Renner. ʻOi loa no ka mea i kākoʻo ʻia me ka balota bipartisan unanimous i ke komite olakino Senate.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Renner he mea nui e mālama ʻia ka hoʻolako ma loko o nā hana e hoʻopau, pani a hōʻano hou paha i ka ACA, ʻoiai ua manaʻo ʻo ia ʻaʻole e hoʻopili ʻia ka hāʻawi i kēlā mau hoʻolālā. ʻO ia no ka mea ke hana ʻia nei i ka ʻahaʻōlelo e hoʻopau ai i ka ACA ma o ke kaʻina i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi kālā. Kuhi kēia i nā pono o ka ACA e pili ana i ka hoʻolilo kālā ʻana o ke aupuni pekelala. ʻAʻole kū ka "Manawa Wā no nā makuahine kahu maʻi" i kēia pae hoʻohālikelike.

ʻOiai pale ʻia ka hānai waiū i ka hana ma kahi o ka wahi hana, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Renner aia ʻelua mau mea hānai umauma ʻē aʻe o ka ACA e makaʻu nei.

He aha nā kānāwai e pale aku ai i nā makuahine ma ka pae mokuʻāina?

Aia kekahi mau ʻano o ke kānāwai hānai waiū ma ka pae mokuʻāina. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā e hānai ai i ka waiū a i ʻole ka paipa ʻana i ka lehulehu a i ʻole ma ka hana, nui nā makuahine i kū i nā kaohi o ke kaiaulu.

"Hoʻomau ʻia nā wahine e hōʻino ʻia a hōʻino ʻia no ka hānai ʻana i kā lākou pēpē i ka lehulehu ʻoiai nā kānāwai e pale aku iā lākou ma nā ʻāina āpau," wahi a Kauka Hanley.

Pehea ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā kuleana makuahine ma ka U.S. i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe?

ʻO nā ʻano e pili ana i ka hānai waiū ʻana i ka lehulehu a me ka hana ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka U.S., akā ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Wahi a kahi noiʻi ākea e pili ana i nā ʻano lehulehu e pili ana i ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū i ʻike ʻia, ma ʻEulopa, ʻokoʻa loa nā kānāwai a me nā ʻano e ka ʻāina. Paipai ʻia ka hānai hānai ʻana i ka lehulehu ma Scandinavia a me Kelemania, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe kānāwai kikoʻī e pale aku ana iā ia ma ka hope. ʻO nā wahine ma ka Balkans a me ke Kaiwaenahonua, ʻoi aku ka noʻonoʻo o ka waiū i ka lehulehu, ʻoiai he kānāwai ko lākou e pale ana i kā lākou kuleana e hana pēlā.

ʻO ka U.S. kekahi o ʻewalu mau ʻāina wale nō - a ʻo ia wale nō ka ʻāina loaʻa kālā kiʻekiʻe - ʻaʻole ia i hāʻawi i ka manawa hoʻomaha no ka wā hānau makuahine i uku ʻia.

Ke hilinaʻi nei nā mākua ma kahi o kā lākou poʻe hana e hāʻawi ai iā lākou e haʻalele, akā he 12 pākēneka wale nō o nā limahana ʻoihana pilikino ka loaʻa.

A ʻo kahi hopena, ʻaneʻane ka hapalua o nā makuahine hou e hoʻi i ka hana i loko o ʻekolu mau mahina, e hana pinepine nei i nā hola like ma mua. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea kupanaha ʻole e koho ka poʻe he nui e haʻalele i ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū ma mua o ka māka o ka mahina ʻeono, a i ʻole hōʻalo loa iā ia.