Mea Kākau: William Ramirez
Lā O Ka Hana: 16 Kepakemapa 2021
HōʻAno Hou I Ka Lā: 13 Nowemapa 2024
Anonim
Cannabidiol (CBD) and Health | Pharmacology
Wikiō: Cannabidiol (CBD) and Health | Pharmacology

Anter

He lāʻau kemika ʻo Cannabidiol i ka mea kanu Cannabis sativa, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo mariuana a hemp paha. Ma o 80 mau kemika i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he cannabinoids, i ʻike ʻia ma ka mea kanu Cannabis sativa. ʻOiai ʻo delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) ka mea hana nui i ka pakalōlō, loaʻa pū ʻia ka cannabidiol mai ka hemp, kahi i loaʻa nā THC liʻiliʻi loa.

ʻO ka hele ʻana o ka Bila Hoʻolālā ʻo 2018 i hana i ke kānāwai e kūʻai aku i nā huahana hemp a hemp ma ka U.S. Akā ʻaʻole ia he kumu he kū kānāwai nā huahana cannabidiol āpau i loaʻa ʻia i ka hemp. Ma muli o ke aʻo ʻia ʻana o ka cannabidiol ma ke ʻano he lāʻau hou, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia i ke kānāwai i loko o nā meaʻai a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻopili meaʻai. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo cannabidiol i nā huahana i kūʻai ʻia aku me nā koi therapeutic. Hiki ke hoʻokomo wale ʻia ʻo Cannabidiol i nā huahana "cosmetic" a inā loaʻa ma lalo o 0.3% THC. Akā aia nō nā huahana i kapa ʻia e like me nā mea hoʻopihapihaʻai ma ka mākeke i loaʻa ka cannabidiol. ʻO ka nui o ka cannabidiol i loko o kēia huahana ʻaʻole hōʻike pololei ʻia i ka lepili huahana.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Cannabidiol no ka maʻi hopu (epilepsy). Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka hopohopo, ʻeha, kahi maʻi maʻi i kapa ʻia dystonia, maʻi Parkinson, maʻi Crohn, a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe he nui, akā ʻaʻohe hōʻike ʻepekema maikaʻi e kākoʻo i kēia mau hoʻohana.

Nā Laʻau Laʻau Kūlohelohe Kūlohelohe nā helu kūpono e pili ana i nā hōʻike ʻepekema e like me ka pālākiō e hiki mai ana: Ka maikaʻi, ka hopena maikaʻi, ka hopena maikaʻi, ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole, ka maikaʻi ʻole, ka maikaʻi ʻole, a me ka lawa ʻole o nā hōʻike i ka helu.

Nā helu kūpono no CANNABIDIOL (CBD) penei:


Pili paha ia no ...

  • Ka maʻi hōʻeha (epilepsy). Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi huahana cannabidiol kikoʻī (Epidiolex, GW Pharmaceuticals) e hōʻemi i ka hopu ʻana i nā mākua a me nā keiki me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole e pili ana i ka hopu ʻana. ʻO kēia huahana kahi lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi hopu i hoʻokumu ʻia e Dravet syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome, a i ʻole tuberous sclerosis complex. Hōʻike ʻia hoʻi e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka hopu ʻana i ka poʻe me ka maʻi Sturge-Weber, ka maʻi ʻeha e pili ana i ka maʻi febrile (EPES), a me nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi kikoʻī e hoʻokumu i ka epileptic encephalopathy. Akā ʻaʻole ia i ʻae ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i kēia ʻano ʻano ʻūlū ʻē aʻe. Lawe pinepine ʻia kēia huahana me nā lāʻau anti-seizure kuʻuna. Ke aʻo ʻia nei kekahi mau huahana cannabidiol i hana ʻia i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua no ka maʻi epilepsy. Akā, kaupalena ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana, a ʻaʻohe o kēia huahana e ʻae ʻia e like me nā lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia.

ʻAʻole lawa nā hōʻike e hōʻike i ka pono no ...

  • ʻO kahi ʻano maʻi maʻi ʻōpū (Crohn disease). Hōʻike ka noiʻi mua i ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol ʻaʻole ia e hōʻemi i ka hana maʻi i nā mākua me ka maʻi Crohn.
  • Diabetes. Hōʻike ka noiʻi mua i ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol ʻaʻole hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kaohi glucose koko i nā mākua me ka maʻi diabetes type 2.
  • ʻO kahi maʻi neʻe i kahakaha ʻia e nā kuʻikuʻi musele hoʻoikaika ʻole (dystonia). ʻAʻole maopopo inā maikaʻi ka cannabidiol no dystonia.
  • Kahi kūlana hoʻoilina i kahakaha ʻia e ke kino kīnā ʻole (fragile- X Syndrome). Hōʻike ka noiʻi mua i ka noi ʻana i ka gel cannabidiol e hōʻemi i ka hopohopo a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka lawena i nā keiki me ka maʻi X palupalu.
  • Kahi kahi e hoʻouka ai kahi transplant i ke kino (maʻi graft-versus-host a i ʻole GVHD). ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Graft-versus-host kahi pilikia e hiki ke hana ma hope o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka iwi iwi. Ua loaʻa kahi noiʻi mua i ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol i kēlā me kēia lā e hoʻomaka ana i 7 mau lā ma mua o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka iwi iwi a hoʻomau no 30 mau lā ma hope o ke kanu ʻana hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa o ke kanaka e hoʻomohala iā GVHD.
  • ʻO kahi maʻi lolo i hoʻoili ʻia e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana, ka naʻau, a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana (maʻi Huntington). Hōʻike ka noiʻi mua i ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol i kēlā me kēia lā ʻaʻole hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi Huntington.
  • Sclerosis maha (MS). Hōʻike ka noiʻi mua i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka spray cannabidiol ma lalo o ke alelo e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ʻeha a me ka ʻūʻī o nā mākala i ka poʻe me MS.
  • Ka haʻalele ʻana mai heroin, morphine, a me nā lāʻau opioid ʻē aʻe. Hōʻike ka noiʻi mua i ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol no 3 mau lā e hōʻemi paha i ka ʻiʻini a me ka hopohopo i ka poʻe me ka maʻi heroin.
  • Maʻi ʻo Parkinson. Hōʻike ka noiʻi mua e hiki i ka cannabidiol ke hōʻemi i ka hopohopo a me nā hōʻailona psychotic i ka poʻe me ka maʻi Parkinson.
  • Schizophrenia. Hōʻike ka noiʻi mua i ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hōʻailona a me ke olakino i nā poʻe me schizophrenia.
  • Ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhipaka. Hōʻike ka ʻimi noiʻi mua i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka cannabidiol me ka mea inhaler no hoʻokahi pule e hōʻemi paha i ka nui o nā uahi i puhi ʻia e ka poʻe puhipaka e hoʻāʻo nei e haʻalele.
  • Ke ʻano o ka hopohopo i kaha ʻia e ka makaʻu i kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano nohona kaiāulu āpau. Hōʻike ka noiʻi mua e hiki i ka cannabidiol ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopohopo i ka poʻe me kēia maʻi. Akā maopopo ʻole inā kōkua ia e hōʻemi i ka hopohopo i ka wā e kamaʻilio lehulehu ana.
  • ʻO kahi hui o nā kūlana ʻeha e hoʻopili i ka iwi ā a me nā mākala (nā maʻi temporomandibular a i ʻole TMD). Hōʻike ka noiʻi mua i ka noi ʻana i kahi aila i loaʻa ka cannabidiol i ka ʻili e hōʻemi paha i ka ʻeha i ka poʻe me TMD.
  • Poino ke aʻa i nā lima a me nā wāwae (neuropathy ākea).
  • Bipolar kāna hana.
  • ʻO Insomnia.
  • Nā kūlana ʻē aʻe.
Pono nā hōʻike hou aʻe e helu i ka pono o cannabidiol no kēia mau hoʻohana.

Loaʻa nā hopena ma Cannabidiol i ka lolo. ʻAʻole maopopo ke kumu kūpono o kēia mau hopena. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka cannabidiol ke pale aku i ka haki ʻana o kahi kemika i ka lolo e pili ana i ka ʻeha, ka naʻau, a me ka hana noʻonoʻo. ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka haki ʻana o kēia kemika a hoʻonui i kāna mau pae i ke koko me he mea lā e hōʻemi ana i nā hōʻailona psychotic e pili ana i nā kūlana e like me schizophrenia. Hiki iā Cannabidiol ke pale i kekahi o nā hopena psychoactive o delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Eia kekahi, ʻo ka cannabidiol me he mea lā e hōʻemi i ka ʻeha a me ka hopohopo.

Ke lawe ʻia e ka waha: Cannabidiol is SAFE MAU PONO ke lawe ʻia e ka waha a pīpī paha ma lalo o ke alelo kūpono. Cannabidiol i loko o nā koina a hiki i 300 mg i kēlā me kēia lā i lawe ʻia e ka waha me ka maluhia a hiki i 6 mau mahina. ʻO nā mahele kiʻekiʻe o 1200-1500 mg i kēlā me kēia lā i lawe ʻia e ka waha me ka maluhia a hiki i 4 mau pule. ʻAe ʻia kahi huahana cannabidiol i kuhikuhi ʻia (Epidiolex) e lawe ʻia e ka waha i nā kaha a hiki i 25 mg / kg i kēlā me kēia lā. Cannabidiol sprays i hoʻopili ʻia ma lalo o ke alelo i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaha o 2.5 mg a hiki i 2 mau pule.

ʻO kekahi mau hopena i hōʻike ʻia o ka cannabidiol e komo pū me ka waha maloʻo, ke koko haʻahaʻa, ke poʻo o ke kukui, a me ka hiamoe. Ua hōʻike pū ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka ʻeha o ke akepaʻa i kekahi mau maʻi, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia.

Ke hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻili: ʻAʻole lawa ka ʻike hilinaʻi e ʻike ai inā palekana ʻo cannabidiol a he aha nā hopena ʻē aʻe.

Nā mālama a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kūikawā:

Hāpai a me ka hānai umauma: Cannabidiol is POSSIBLY UNSAFE e hoʻohana inā hāpai ʻoe a hānai umauma paha. Hiki ke hoʻohaumia ʻia nā huahana Cannabidiol me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe e hoʻopōʻino paha i ka fetus a pēpē paha. Noho ma ka ʻaoʻao palekana a pale i ka hoʻohana.

Nā keiki: ʻO kahi huahana cannabidiol i kuhikuhi ʻia (Epidiolex) ʻo ia SAFE MAU PONO ke lawe ʻia e ka waha i nā kaha a i 25 mg / kg i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻAe ʻia kēia huahana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau keiki 1 makahiki a ʻoi paha.

Maʻi maʻi ate: Pono paha ka poʻe me ka maʻi ate e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau ma lalo o ka cannabidiol ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā mea maʻi olakino.

Maʻi ʻo Parkinson: Ke hōʻike nei kekahi o nā noiʻi mua e lawe ana i nā kaona kiʻekiʻe o ka cannabidiol i mea e neʻe ai ka muscle a haʻalulu hoʻi i kekahi poʻe me ka maʻi Parkinson.

Kānāwai
E akahele me kēia hui ʻana.
ʻO Brivaracetam (Briviact)
Hoʻololi a haki ʻia ʻo Brivaracetam e ke kino. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka wikiwiki o ke kino e wāwahi i ka brivaracetam. Hoʻonui paha kēia i nā pae o brivaracetam i ke kino.
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Hoʻololi a haki ʻia ʻo Carbamazepine e ke kino. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka wikiwiki o ke kino e wāwahi i ka carbamazepine. Hoʻonui paha kēia i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka carbamazepine i ke kino a hoʻonui i kāna hopena.
Clobazam (Onfi)
Hoʻololi a haki ʻia ʻo Clobazam e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ka ate i ka clobazam. Hoʻonui paha kēia i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe o clobazam.
Eslicarbazepine (Aptiom)
Hoʻololi a haki ʻia ʻo Eslicarbazepine e ke kino. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ke kino e wāwahi i ka eslicarbazepine. Hoʻonui kēia i nā pae o eslicarbazepine i ke kino e kahi liʻiliʻi.
Everolimus (Zostress)
Hoʻololi a wāwahi ʻia ʻo Everolimus e ke kino. Hiki i ka Canababiol ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka wikiwiki o ke kino e haki i ka everolimus. Hoʻonui paha kēia i nā kiʻekiʻe o everolimus i ke kino.
Likiuma
ʻO ka lawe ʻana i nā kaha kiʻekiʻe o ka cannabidiol e hoʻonui paha i nā pae o ka lithium. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka lithium toxicity.
Hoʻololi nā lāʻau i ke ake (Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) substrates)
Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau a wāwahi ʻia e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke ake i kekahi mau lāʻau. I ke kumumanaʻo, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kekahi mau lāʻau i wāwahi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e hoʻonui ai i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke ake.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke akepaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo chlorzoxazone (Lorzone) a me theophylline (Theo-Dur, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe).
Ua hoʻololi ʻia nā lāʻau e ke ake (Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) substrates)
Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau a wāwahi ʻia e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke ake i kekahi mau lāʻau. I ke kumumanaʻo, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kekahi mau lāʻau i wāwahi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e hoʻonui ai i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā mālama ʻoe i nā lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke ake.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke akepaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo amitriptyline (Elavil), haloperidol (Haldol), ondansetron (Zofran), propranolol (Inderal), theophylline (Theo-Dur, kekahi), verapamil (Calan, Isoptin, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe
Hoʻololi nā lāʻau i ke ake (Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) substrates)
Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau a wāwahi ʻia e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke ake i kekahi mau lāʻau. I ke kumumanaʻo, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kekahi mau lāʻau i wāwahi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e hoʻonui ai i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke ake.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e like me theophylline (Theo-Dur, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), omeprazole (Prilosec, Omesec), clozapine (Clozaril, FazaClo), progesterone (Prometrium, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), lansoprazole (Prevacid), flutamide (Eulexin), oxaliplatin (Eloxatin ), erlotinib (Tarceva), a me ka caffeine.
Hoʻololi nā lāʻau i ke ake (Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) substrates)
Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau a wāwahi ʻia e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke ake i kekahi mau lāʻau. I ke kumumanaʻo, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kekahi mau lāʻau i wāwahi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e hoʻonui ai i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā mālama ʻoe i nā lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke ake.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke akepaʻa ʻo ia ka nikotine, chlormethiazole (Heminevrin), coumarin, methoxyflurane (Penthrox), halothane (Fluothane), valproic acid (Depacon), disulfiram (Antabuse), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻololi nā lāʻau i ke ake (Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) substrates)
Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau a wāwahi ʻia e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke ake i kekahi mau lāʻau. I ke kumumanaʻo, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kekahi mau lāʻau i wāwahi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e hoʻonui ai i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke ake.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke akepaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ketamine (Ketalar), phenobarbital, orphenadrine (Norflex), secobarbital (Seconal), a me dexamethasone (Decadron).
Hoʻololi nā lāʻau i ke ake (Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) substrates)
Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau a wāwahi ʻia e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke ake i kekahi mau lāʻau. I ke kumumanaʻo, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kekahi mau lāʻau i wāwahi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e hoʻonui ai i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā mālama ʻoe i nā lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke ake.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e komo pū me nā mea pale proton pump me omeprazole (Prilosec), lansoprazole (Prevacid), a me pantoprazole (Protonix); diazepam (Valium); carisoprodol (Soma); nelfinavir (Viracept); a me kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻololi nā lāʻau i ke ake (Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) substrates)
Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau a wāwahi ʻia e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke ake i kekahi mau lāʻau. I ke kumumanaʻo, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kekahi mau lāʻau i wāwahi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e hoʻonui ai i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke ake.
ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke akepaʻa ʻo ia hoʻi ka amiodarone (Cordarone), carbamazepine (Tegretol), chloroquine (Aralen), diclofenac (Voltaren), paclitaxel (Taxol), repaglinide (Prandin) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻololi nā lāʻau i ke ake (Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) substrates)
Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau a wāwahi ʻia e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke ake i kekahi mau lāʻau. I ke kumumanaʻo, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kekahi mau lāʻau i wāwahi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e hoʻonui ai i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke ake.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke akepaʻa me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal (NSAIDs) e like me diclofenac (Cataflam, Voltaren), ibuprofen (Motrin), meloxicam (Mobic), piroxicam (Feldene), a me celecoxib (Celebrex); amitriptyline (Elavil); warfarin (Coumadin); glipizide (Glucotrol); losartan (Cozaar); a me kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻololi nā lāʻau i ke ake (Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) substrates)
Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau a wāwahi ʻia e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke ake i kekahi mau lāʻau. I ke kumumanaʻo, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kekahi mau lāʻau i wāwahi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e hoʻonui ai i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke ake.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke akepaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo amitriptyline (Elavil), codeine, desipramine (Norpramin), flecainide (Tambocor), haloperidol (Haldol), imipramine (Tofranil), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), ondansetron (Zofran), paroxetine (Paxil ), risperidone (Risperdal), tramadol (Ultram), venlafaxine (Effexor), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻololi nā lāʻau i ke ake (Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) substrates)
Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau a wāwahi ʻia e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke ake i kekahi mau lāʻau. I ke kumumanaʻo, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kekahi mau lāʻau i wāwahi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e hoʻonui ai i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke ake.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke akepaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi ka alprazolam (Xanax), amlodipine (Norvasc), clarithromycin (Biaxin), cyclosporine (Sandimmune), erythromycin, lovastatin (Mevacor), ketoconazole (Nizoral), itraconazole (Sporanox) (fezofenad) (Halcion), verapamil (Calan, Isoptin) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui.
Hoʻololi nā lāʻau i ke ake (Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) substrates)
Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau a wāwahi ʻia e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke ake i kekahi mau lāʻau. I ke kumumanaʻo, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kekahi mau lāʻau i wāwahi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e hoʻonui ai i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabidiol, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke ake.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e like me ka testosterone, progesterone (Endometrin, Prometrium), nifedipine (Adalat CC, Procardia XL), cyclosporine (Sandimmune), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻololi ʻia nā lāʻau i ke ake (Glucuronidated drug)
Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau a wāwahi ʻia e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke ake i kekahi mau lāʻau. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kekahi mau lāʻau i wāwahi ʻia e ke akepaʻa e hoʻonui paha i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe o kēia mau lāʻau.
ʻO kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e ke akepaʻa ʻo ia hoʻi ka acetaminophen (Tylenol, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a me ka oxazepam (Serax), haloperidol (Haldol), lamotrigine (Lamictal), morphine (MS Contin, Roxanol), zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Nā lāʻau e hōʻemi ai i ka haki ʻana o nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e ke akepaʻa (Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) mea kāohi)
Ua wāwahi ʻia ʻo Cannabidiol e ke ake. Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hōʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ka ate i ka cannabidiol. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kēia mau lāʻau e hoʻonui paha i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe o cannabidiol.
ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau e hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha i ka haki cannabidiol i ke ake e komo pū me cimetidine (Tagamet), fluvoxamine (Luvox), omeprazole (Prilosec); ticlopidine (Ticlid), topiramate (Topamax), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Nā lāʻau e hōʻemi ai i ka haki ʻana o nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe i ke akepaʻa (Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) mea hoʻopili)
Ua wāwahi ʻia ʻo Cannabidiol e ke ake. Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hōʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ka ate i ka cannabidiol. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kēia mau lāʻau e hoʻonui paha i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe o cannabidiol.
ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau e hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ka ate i ka cannabidiol me amiodarone (Cordarone), clarithromycin (Biaxin), diltiazem (Cardizem), erythromycin (E-mycin, Erythrocin), indinavir (Crixivan), ritonavir (Norvir), saquinavir (Fortovase , Invirase), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui.
Nā lāʻau e hoʻonui ai i ka haki ʻana o nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e ke akepaʻa (Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inducers)
Ua wāwahi ʻia ʻo Cannabidiol e ke ake. Hoʻonui paha kekahi mau lāʻau i ka wikiwiki o ke ake e wāwahi i ka cannabidiol. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kēia mau lāʻau e hōʻemi paha i nā hopena o ka cannabidiol.
ʻO kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau e pili ana i ka carbamazepine (Tegretol), phenobarbital, phenytoin (Dilantin), rifampin, rifabutin (Mycobutin), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Nā lāʻau e hoʻonui ai i ka haki ʻana o nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e ke akepaʻa (Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) inducers)
Ua wāwahi ʻia ʻo Cannabidiol e ke ake. Hoʻonui paha kekahi mau lāʻau i ka wikiwiki o ke ake e wāwahi i ka cannabidiol. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol me kēia mau lāʻau e hōʻemi paha i nā hopena o ka cannabidiol.
ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau e hoʻonui ai i ka haki ʻana o ka cannabidiol i ke akepaʻa e like me ka carbamazepine (Tegretol), prednisone (Deltasone), a me rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane).
Methadone (Dolophine)
Ua wāwahi ʻia ʻo Methadone e ke ake. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haʻihaʻi o ke ake i ka methadone. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol me ka methadone e hoʻonui paha i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe o ka methadone.
Rufinamide (Banzel)
Hoʻololi a haki ʻia ʻo Rufinamide e ke kino. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka wikiwiki o ke kino e haki i ka rufinamide. E hoʻonui paha kēia i nā pae o rufinamide i ke kino e kahi liʻiliʻi.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau hōʻoluʻolu (depressants CNS)
Hiki paha iā Cannabidiol ke hiamoe a hiamoe. ʻO nā lāʻau i kumu e hiamoe ai i kapa ʻia ʻo nā mea hōʻohi. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol me nā lāʻau hoʻohiamoe e hoʻonāukiuki paha.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau hoʻohiehie e komo pū me benzodiazepines, pentobarbital (Nembutal), phenobarbital (Luminal), secobarbital (Seconal), thiopental (Pentothal), fentanyl (Duragesic, Sublimaze), morphine, propofol (Diprivan), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Sirolimus (Rapamune)
Hoʻololi a haki ʻia ʻo Sirolimus e ke kino. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ke kino e haki iā sirolimus. Hoʻonui paha kēia i nā pae o sirolimus i ke kino.
Stiripentol (Diacomit)
Hoʻololi ʻia ka Stiripentol a wāwahi ʻia e ke kino. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka wikiwiki o ke kino e wāwahi i ka stimipentol. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i nā pae o ka stimipentol i loko o ke kino a hoʻonui i kāna hopena.
ʻO Tacrolimus (Prograf)
Hoʻololi ʻia ʻo Tacrolimus a wāwahi ʻia e ke kino. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hōʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke kino i ka tacrolimus. Hoʻonui paha kēia i nā pae o ka tacrolimus i ke kino.
Topiramate (Tompamax)
Hoʻololi ʻia ʻo Topiramate a wāwahi ʻia e ke kino. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻopau ʻana o ke kino i ka topiramate. Hoʻonui kēia i nā pae o topiramate i ke kino e kahi liʻiliʻi.
Valproate
Hiki i ka Valproic acid ke hōʻeha i ke ake. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol me ka waikawa valproic e hoʻonui i ka manawa o ka ʻeha o ke ake. Pono paha e kāpae ʻia ʻo Cannabidiol a me / a i ʻole valproic acid, a i ʻole e hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha ka lāʻau.
Warfarin
Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻonui i nā pae o warfarin, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu no ke kahe. Pono paha e kāpae ʻia ʻo Cannabidiol a me / a i ʻole warfarin, a i ʻole e hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha ka lāʻau.
Zonisamide
Hoʻololi a haki ʻia ʻo Zonisamide e ke kino. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka haki o ke kino i ka zonisamide. E hoʻonui paha kēia i nā pae o zonisamide i ke kino e kahi liʻiliʻi.
Nā mea kanu a me nā mea hoʻopihapiha me nā mea hoʻohiamoe
Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hana i ka hiamoe a hiamoe paha. Ke hoʻohana nei ia me nā mea kanu a me nā mea hoʻopili ʻē aʻe i like ka hopena e hopena i ka hiamoe nui. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau mea kanu a me nā mea hoʻopihapiha me ka calamus, California poppy, catnip, hops, Jamaican dogwood, kava, L-tryptophan, melatonin, sage, SAMe, St. John's wort, sassafras, skullcap, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻAlekohola (Ethanol)
ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol me ka waiʻona e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka cannabidiol i lawe ʻia e ke kino. Hoʻonui paha kēia i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe o cannabidiol.
Nā mea momona a me nā mea momona
Lawe i ka cannabidiol me kahi pāʻina i kiʻekiʻe i ka momona a i ʻole ma ka liʻiliʻi loaʻa kekahi momona, hoʻonui i ka nui o ka cannabidiol i lawe ʻia e ke kino. Hoʻonui paha kēia i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe o cannabidiol.
Waiu
ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka cannabidiol me ka waiū e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o ka cannabidiol i lawe ʻia e ke kino. Hoʻonui paha kēia i nā hopena a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe o cannabidiol.
Ua aʻo ʻia nā mahele aʻe i ka noiʻi ʻepekema:

NA MAKAHIKI

E ka waha:
  • No ka maʻi epilepsy: Ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi huahana cannabidiol i kuhikuhi ʻia (Epidiolex). ʻO ka lāʻau i hoʻomaka ʻia no ka maʻi Lennox-Gastaut a me ka maʻi Dravet he 2.5 mg / kg ʻelua mau manawa i kēlā me kēia lā (5 mg / kg / lā). Ma hope o hoʻokahi pule hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka lāʻau i 5 mg / kg i ʻelua mau lā i kēlā me kēia lā (10 mg / kg / lā). Inā ʻaʻole pane ke kanaka i kēia mahele lāʻau, ʻo ka nui i makemake ʻia he 10 mg / kg i ʻelua mau manawa i kēlā me kēia lā (20 mg / kg / lā). ʻO ka paukū e hoʻomaka nei no ka complex tuberous sclerosis complex he 2.5 mg / kg i ʻelua mau manawa i kēlā me kēia lā (5 mg / kg / lā). Hiki ke hoʻonui i kēia i nā wā o kēlā me kēia pule inā pono, a i ka palena o 12.5 mg / kg i ʻelua mau lā (25 mg / kg / lā). ʻAʻoheʻike ʻepekema ikaika e pono ai nā huahana cannabidiol nonprescription no ka maʻi epilepsy.
KEIKI

E ka waha:
  • No ka maʻi epilepsy: Ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi huahana cannabidiol i kuhikuhi ʻia (Epidiolex). ʻO ka lāʻau i hoʻomaka ʻia no Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome a me Dravet Syndrome he 2.5 mg / kg ʻelua mau manawa i kēlā me kēia lā (5 mg / kg / lā). Ma hope o hoʻokahi pule hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka mahele lāʻau i 5 mg / kg ʻelua mau manawa i kēlā me kēia lā (10 mg / kg / lā). Inā ʻaʻole pane ke kanaka i kēia lāʻau, ʻo ka maximum i koi ʻia he 10 mg / kg i ʻelua mau manawa i kēlā me kēia lā (20 mg / kg / lā). ʻO ka paukū e hoʻomaka nei no ka complex tuberous sclerosis complex he 2.5 mg / kg i ʻelua mau manawa i kēlā me kēia lā (5 mg / kg / lā). Hiki ke hoʻonui i kēia i nā wā o kēlā me kēia pule inā pono, a i ka palena o 12.5 mg / kg i ʻelua mau lā (25 mg / kg / lā). ʻAʻoheʻike ʻepekema ikaika e pili pono nā huahana cannabidiol nonprescription no ka maʻi epilepsy.
2 - [(1R, 6R) -3-Methyl-6-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl] -5-pentylbenzene-1,3-diol, CBD.

E aʻo hou aʻe ai pehea i kākau ʻia ai kēia ʻatikala, e ʻoluʻolu e ʻike i ka Nā Laʻau Laʻau Kūlohelohe Kūlohelohe ʻano hana.


  1. Singh RK, Dillon B, Tatum DA, Van Poppel KC, Bonthius DJ. Nā hana laʻau-lāʻau ma waena o Cannabidiol a me Lithium. Open Neurol keiki. 2020; 7: 2329048X20947896. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  2. ʻO Izgelov D, ʻo Davidson E, ʻo Barasch D, ʻo Regev A, ʻo Domb AJ, ʻo Hoffman A. ʻO ka noiʻi ʻo Pharmacokinetic o ka synthetic cannabidiol oral formulated i nā mea manawaleʻa olakino. ʻO Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2020; 154: 108-115. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  3. ʻO Gurley BJ, Murphy TP, Gul W, Walker LA, ElSohly M. ʻikepili a me ko Label Claims ma Cannabidiol (CBD)-Loaʻa nā huahana i loaʻa mai nā Kūʻai Kūʻai ma ka Mokuʻāina ʻo Misisipi. J Meaʻai Meaʻai. 2020; 17: 599-607. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  4. McGuire P, Robson P, Cubala WJ, a me al. Cannabidiol (CBD) ma ke ʻano he Adjunction Therapy ma Schizophrenia: He Multicenter Randomised Controlled Trial. Am J Psychiatry. 2018; 175: 225-231. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  5. ʻO Cortopassi J. Warfarin hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono i koi ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka cannabidiol a me ka titration. ʻO Am J Health Syst pharm. 2020; 77: 1846-1851. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  6. Bloomfield MAP, Green SF, Hindocha C, et al. Nā hopena o ka cannabidiol koʻikoʻi ma ke kahe o ke kahe a me kona pili i ka hoʻomanaʻo: kahi ʻili arterial labeling magnetic resonance imaging study. ʻO J Psychopharmacol. 2020; 34: 981-989. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  7. Wang GS, Bourne DWA, Klawitter J, et al. ʻO ka hoʻolei ʻana o ka waha Cannabidiol-Rich Cannabis Extracts i nā Keiki me ka maʻi Epilepsy. ʻO Clinic Pharmacokinet. 2020. E nānā abstract.
  8. ʻO Taylor L, Crockett J, Tayo B, Checketts D, Sommerville K. ʻO ka haʻalele loa ʻana o cannabidiol (CBD): kahi hoʻokolokolo i hoʻokolokolo ʻia. Epilepsy Behav. 2020; 104 (Pt A): 106938. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  9. McNamara NA, Dang LT, Sturza J, et al. ʻO Thrombocytopenia i nā maʻi pediatric ma ka concabent cannabidiol a me ka valproic acid. Epilepsia. 2020. E nānā abstract.
  10. Rianprakaisang T, Gerona R, Hendrickson RG. ʻO ka ʻaila cannabidiol kalepa i hoʻohaumia ʻia me ka cannabinoid synthetic AB-FUBINACA i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi mea maʻi pediatric. ʻO Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2020; 58: 215-216. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  11. Morrison G, Crockett J, Blakey G, Sommerville K. A Phase 1, Open-Label, Pharmacokinetic Trial e noiʻi i nā hiki ke hana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau ma waena o Clobazam, Stiripentol, a me Valproate a me Cannabidiol i nā kumuhana olakino ʻO Clin Pharmacol lāʻau lapaʻau Dev. 2019; 8: 1009-1031. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  12. Miller I, Scheffer IE, Gunning B, et al. Ka hopena hopena o ka hopena o ka oral oral Cannabidiol vs Placebo ma ke ʻano o ka hopu ʻana i ka pinepine ma Dravet Syndrome: kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kaulike ʻole. JAMA Neurol. 2020; 77: 613-621. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  13. Lattanzi S, Trinka E, Striano P, et al. ʻO ka pono Cannabidiol a me ke kūlana clobazam: He loiloi ʻōnaehana a me nā meta-analysis. Epilepsia. 2020; 61: 1090-1098. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  14. ʻO Hobbs JM, Vazquez AR, Remijan ND, et al. ʻO ka loiloi o nā pharmacokinetics a me ka hiki anti-inflammatory ākea o ʻelua mau hoʻomākaukau cannabidiol waha i nā mākua olakino. ʻO Phytother Res. 2020; 34: 1696-1703. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  15. Ebrahimi-Fakhari D, Agricola KD, Tudor C, Krueger D, Franz DN. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka pahuhopu mechanicalistic o Rapamycin Inhibitor pae i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi tuberous Sclerosis. Pediatr Neurol. 2020; 105: 59-61. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  16. de Carvalho Reis R, Almeida KJ, da Silva Lope L, de Melo Mendes CM, Bor-Seng-Shu E. Efficacy a me ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka hopena cannabidiol a me ka lāʻau cannabis no ka epilepsy kūpaʻa lāʻau lapaʻau: Ka loiloi ʻōnaehana a me ka hoʻoponopono-meta. Epilepsy Behav. 2020; 102: 106635. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  17. Darweesh RS, Khamis TN, El-Elimat T. Ka hopena o ka cannabidiol ma luna o nā pharmacokinetics o carbamazepine i nāʻiole. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2020. E nānā abstract.
  18. ʻO Crockett J, Critchley D, Tayo B, Berwaerts J, Morrison G. A pae 1, i hoʻokolohua ʻole ʻia, ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana i ka lāʻau i ka hopena o nā ʻano pāʻina ʻai like ʻole, ka waiū holoʻokoʻa, a me ka waiʻona ma ka loaʻa ʻana o ka cannabidiol a me ka palekana i nā kumuhana olakino. Epilepsia. 2020; 61: 267-277. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  19. Chesney E, Oliver D, Green A, et al. Nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka cannabidiol: kahi loiloi ʻōnaehana a me nā meta-analysis o nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kaulike. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2020. E nānā abstract.
  20. Ben-Menachem E, Gunning B, Arenas Cabrera CM, et al. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua kaulike kaulike II e mākaʻikaʻi ai i ka pono no ka launa lāʻau lāʻau lāʻau lāʻau me Stiripentol a i ʻole Valproate ke hui ʻia me Cannabidiol i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi. Nā lāʻau CNS. 2020; 34: 661-672. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  21. ʻO Bass J, Linz DR. ʻO kahi hihia o ka ʻona mai Cannabidiol Gummy Ingestion. Cureus. 2020; 12: e7688. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  22. ʻO Hampson AJ, Grimaldi M, Axelrod J, Wink D. Cannabidiol a me (-) ʻO Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol he mau antioxidant neuroprotective. ʻO Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998; 95: 8268-73. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  23. Hacke ACM, Lima D, de Costa F, et al. Ke hōʻike nei i ka hana antioxidant o [delta] -tetrahydrocannabinol a me ka cannabidiol i ka Cannabis sativa extract. Loiloi. 2019; 144: 4952-4961. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  24. ʻO Madden K, ʻo Tanco K, ʻo Bruera E. ʻO ke olakino koʻikoʻi lāʻau lapaʻau ma waena o Methadone a me Cannabidiol. Pediatrics. 2020; e20193256. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  25. Hazekamp A. Ka pilikia me ka aila CBD. ʻO Cannabis Cannabinoids. 2018 Jun; 1: 65-72.
  26. Xu DH, Cullen BD, Tang M, Fang Y. Ka hopena o ka aila kumulāʻau cannabidiol ma ke kōkua Symptomat o ka peripheral Neuropathy o nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO Curr Biotechnol Curr. 2019 Dec 1. E nānā abstract.
  27. de Faria SM, de Morais Fabrício D, Tumas V, et al. Nā hopena o ka hoʻokele nui ʻana o ka cannabidiol i ka hopohopo a me nā haʻalulu i hoʻokomo ʻia e kahi Simulated Public Speaking Test i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻo Parkinson. ʻO J Psychopharmacol. 2020 Ian 7: 269881119895536. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  28. Nitecka-Buchta A, Nowak-Wachol A, Wachol K, et al. Ka hopena Myorelaxant o ka noi Transdermal Cannabidiol i nā mea maʻi me TMD: He Randomized, Double-Blind Trial. ʻO J Clin Med. 2019 Nov 6; 8. pii: E1886. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  29. Masataka N. Nā hopena Anxiolytic o ka hana Cannabidiol i hana hou ʻia i nā ʻōpio me nā maʻi kūwaho nohona. ʻO Psychol i Mua. 2019 Nov 8; 10: 2466. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  30. Appiah-Kusi E, Petros N, Wilson R, et al. Nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka cannabidiol wā pōkole i ka pane ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi kaiāulu i nā kumuhana ma ka hopena kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi psychosis. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2020 Ian 8. Nānā i nā mea ʻole.
  31. Hussain SA, Dlugos DJ, Cilio MR, Parikh N, Oh A, Sankar R. Synthetic pharmacement grade cannabidiol no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā spasms pēpē pēpē: kahi noiʻi multicenter pae-2. Epilepsy Behav. 2020 Ian; 102: 106826. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  32. Klotz KA, Grob D, Hirsch M, Metternich B, Schulze-Bonhage A, Jacobs J. Efficacy a me ke ahonui o Synthetic Cannabidiol no ka mālama ʻana i ka Epilepsy Resistant Drug. Neurol i mua. 2019 Dec 10; 10: 1313. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  33. "Hoʻolaha ʻo GW Pharmaceuticals plc a me kāna US Subsidiary Greenwich Biosciences, Inc. ʻO EPIDIOLEX® (cannabidiol) ua haʻi ʻia ka hopena o ka waha a ʻaʻole ʻo ia kahi mea i kāohi ʻia." ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo GW, 6 ʻApelila 2020. http://ir.gwpharm.com/node/11356/pdf. Ka hoʻokuʻu paʻi.
  34. ʻO Wiemer-Kruel A, ʻo Stiller B, ʻo Bast T. Cannabidiol e launa pū me Everolimus-Hōʻike o kahi mea maʻi me ka Komplekler Sclerosis Tuberous. Nā Neuropediatrics. 2019. E nānā abstract.
  35. ʻO nā mea hou a ka mea kūʻai aku ʻo FDA: He aha kāu e ʻike ai e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cannabis, e pili pū ana me CBD, ke hāpai a hānai hānai paha. ʻO ka U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). ʻOkakopa 2019. Loaʻa ma: https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/what-you-should- know-about-using-cannabis-including-cbd-when-pregnant-or-breastfeeding.
  36. ʻO Taylor L, Crockett J, Tayo B, Morrison G. A Phase 1, Open-Label, Parallel-Group, Hoʻokolohua Hoʻokahi Hana o nā Pharmacokinetics a me ka palekana o Cannabidiol (CBD) i nā kumuhana me ke akahai i ka hōʻino Hepatic nui. ʻO J Clin Pharmacol. 2019; 59: 1110-1119. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  37. Szaflarski JP, Hernando K, Bebin EM, et al. Hoʻohui ʻia nā pae plasma ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe me ka hopu hopu maikaʻi aʻe ma hope o ka mālama ʻana me ka cannabidiol papa lāʻau lapaʻau. Epilepsy Behav. 2019; 95: 131-136. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  38. Pretzsch CM, Voinescu B, Mendez MA, et al. ʻO ka hopena o ka cannabidiol (CBD) i ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka hana i ka lolo o nā mākua me ka ʻole autism spectrum maʻi (ASD). ʻO J Psychopharmacol. 2019: 269881119858306. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  39. Pretzsch CM, Freyberg J, Voinescu B, et al. Nā hopena o ka cannabidiol ma ka hauʻoli o ka lolo a me nā ʻōnaehana kaohi; kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua hoʻokahi i ka manawa o ka spectroscopy resonance magnetic i nā mākua me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka maʻi autism spectrum. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2019; 44: 1398-1405. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  40. ʻO Patrician A, Versic-Bratincevic M, Mijacika T, et al. Ninaninau i kahi ala lawe hou no ka Cannabidiol waha i nā kumuhana olakino: kahi Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Pharmacokinetics Study. ʻO Adv Ther. 2019. E nānā abstract.
  41. Martin RC, Gaston TE, Thompson M, et al. ʻO ka hana cognitive ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka cannabidiol lōʻihi i nā mākua me ka epilepsy kūpaʻa kūpaʻa. Epilepsy Behav. 2019; 97: 105-110. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  42. Leino AD, Emoto C, Fukuda T, Privitera M, Vinks AA, Alloway RR. Nā hōʻike o kahi lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau lapaʻau koʻikoʻi ma waena o cannabidiol a me tacrolimus. ʻO Am J Transplant. 2019; 19: 2944-2948. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  43. Laux LC, Bebin EM, Checketts D, et al. Ka palekana lōʻihi a me ka pono o ka cannabidiol i nā keiki a me nā mākua me ka Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome a me Dravet Syndrome e pale aku ana. Epilepsy Res. 2019; 154: 13-20. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  44. ʻO Knaub K, Sartorius T, Dharsono T, Wacker R, Wilhelm M, Schön C. He Pūnaewele Hōʻailona Hoʻolālā Pono Pono (SEDDS) Ma muli o ka ʻenehana VESIsorb Formulateing e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka bioavailability waha o Cannabidiol i nā kumuhana olakino. Molekule. 2019; 24. pii: E2967. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  45. Klotz KA, Hirsch M, Heers M, Schulze-Bonhage A, Jacobs J. Nā hopena o ka cannabidiol ma nā pae plasma brivaracetam. Epilepsia. 2019; 60: e74-e77. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  46. Heussler H, Cohen J, Silove N, et al. ʻO kahi pae 1/2, kahi loiloi hāmama o ka palekana, ke ahonui, a me ka pono o transdermal cannabidiol (ZYN002) no ka mālama ʻana i ka pediatric fragile X syndrome. ʻO J Neurodev Disord. 2019; 11:16. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  47. ʻO Couch DG, Cook H, Ortori C, Barrett D, Lund JN, O'Sullivan SE. Palmitoylethanolamide a me Cannabidiol Kāohi i ka mumū-i hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Hyperpermeability o ka Human Gut ma Vitro a me Vivo-A Randomized, Placebo-control, Double-blind Controlled Trial. ʻO Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2019; 25: 1006-1018. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  48. Birnbaum AK, Karanam A, Marino SE, et al. Ka hopena o ka meaʻai ma luna o nā pharmacokinetics o ka cannabidiol oral capsule i nā maʻi makua me ka epilepsy refractory. Epilepsia. 2019 Aug; 60: 1586-1592. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  49. Arkell TR, Lintzeris N, Kevin RC, et al. Cannabidiol (CBD) ʻike i ka cannabis vaporised ʻaʻole ia e pale i ka tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) -e hōʻemi ʻia o ka hoʻokele a me ka ʻike. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2019; 236: 2713-2724. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  50. Anderson LL, ʻAbesaloma NL, Abelev SV, et al. ʻO ka cannabidiol Coadministred a me ka clobazam: nā hōʻike preclinical no ka launa ʻana o ka lāʻau pharmacodynamic a me ka pharmacokinetic. Epilepsia. 2019. Nānā i ka abstract.
  51. ʻIkepili huahana no Marinol. AbbVie. ʻO Kikako ʻAkau, IL 60064. ʻAukake 2017.Loaʻa ma: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_doc/label/2017/018651s029lbl.pdf.
  52. Epidiolex (cannabidiol) kuhikuhi i ka ʻike. Greenwich Biosciences, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, 2019. Loaʻa ma: https://www.epidiolex.com/site/default/files/EPIDIOLEX_Full_Prescribing_Information.pdf (kiʻi ʻia 5/9/2019)
  53. ʻO ka ʻōlelo a ke Komikina ʻo FDA ʻo Scot Gottlieb, M.D., ma ke kau inoa ʻana i ke Kanawai Hoʻomohala ʻAiʻai a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka ʻoihana i nā huahana i loaʻa i ka cannabis a me nā mea i loaʻa i ka cannabis. Pūnaewele ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ʻAi Makahiki. Loaʻa ma: https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/statement-fda-commissioner-scott-gottlieb-md-signing-agriculture-improvement-act-and-agencys. (Loaʻa iā Mei 7, 2019).
  54. Kānāwai Hoʻomohala Mahiʻai, S. 10113, 115th Cong. aiʻole S. 12619, 115th Cong. .
  55. Ka Hoʻomalu Hoʻokalakino Lapaʻau, ʻOihana Hoʻokolokolo. Nā Papa Kuhikuhi o nā Pono Kohi: Hoʻonoho i ka Hōʻike V o kekahi mau lāʻau i ʻae ʻia e FDA e paʻa ana iā Cannabidiol; Hoʻololi kūpono i nā Koina ʻae. Kauoha hope loa. ʻO Fed Regist. 2018 Sep 28; 83: 48950-3. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  56. Schoedel KA, Szeto I, Setnik B, et al. ʻO ka loiloi kūpono hiki ʻole o ka cannabidiol (CBD) i nā mea hoʻohana polydrug leʻaleʻa: ʻO ka hoʻokolohua kaulike, makapō makapō, kaohi hoʻokolokolo. Epilepsy Behav. 2018 Nov; 88: 162-171. hana: 10.1016 / j.yebeh.2018.07.027. Epub 2018 Oct 2. Nānā i ka abstract.
  57. Devinsky O, Verducci C, Thiele EA, et al. ʻO ka hoʻohana inoa wehe o ka CBD hoʻomaʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe (Epidiolex®) i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi deficit CDKL5 a me Aicardi, Dup15q, a me Doose syndromes. Epilepsy Behav. 2018 Sep; 86: 131-137. Epub 2018 Jul 11. E nānā abstract.
  58. Szaflarski JP, Bebin EM, Cutter G, DeWolfe J, et al. Hiki iā Cannabidiol ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke alapine a me ka paʻakikī o ka hopu ʻana a hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā hanana maikaʻi ʻole i kahi add-on add-on prospective study. Epilepsy Behav. 2018 ʻOkakopa; 87: 131-136. Epub 2018 Aug 9. Nānā i ka abstract.
  59. Linares IM, Zuardi AW, Pereira LC, et al. Hāʻawi ʻo Cannabidiol i kahi curve pane pane lāʻau U like ʻole i hoʻohuli ʻia i kahi hōʻike haʻi waha i hoʻohālikelike ʻia. ʻO Braz J Psychiatry. 2019 Ian-Feb; 41: 9-14. Epub 2018 ʻOkakopa 11. Nānā i ka abstract
  60. Poklis JL, Mulder HA, Maluhia MR. ʻO ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o ka cannabimimetic, 5F-ADB, a me dextromethorphan i loko o nā kūʻai e-wai cannabidiol e kūʻai aku ai. Forensic sci Int. 2019 Ian; 294: e25-e27. Epub 2018 Nov 1. Nānā i ka abstract.
  61. Hurd YL, Spriggs S, Alishayev J, et al. Cannabidiol no ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ke kuko i hoʻokomo ʻia e Cue a me ka hopohopo i nā kānaka ʻawaʻawa me ka heroin e hoʻohana ai i ka maʻi: kahi pālua makapō i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka Placebo-Controlled Trial. ʻO Am J Psychiatry. 2019: appiajp201918101191. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  62. Thiele EA, Marsh ED, Palani JA, et al. Cannabidiol i nā mea maʻi me ka hopu ʻana e pili ana me ka maʻi Lennox-Gastaut (GWPCARE4): kahi hoʻokolohua, hoʻokolohua makapō, kahi hoʻokolohua pae hoʻokolohua pae 3. Lancet. 2018 Mar 17; 391: 1085-1096. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  63. Devinsky O, Patel AD, Cross JH, et al. Ka hopena o Cannabidiol ma Drop Seizures ma ka Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2018 Mei 17; 378: 1888-1897. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  64. Pavlovic R, Nenna G, Calvi L, et al. Nā ʻano e like ai o "ʻAilani Cannabidiol": ʻike maʻi Cannabinoids, Terpene Fingerprint a me ke kūpaʻa o oxidation o nā hoʻomākaukau ʻĀulana ʻEulopa. Molekule. 2018 Mei 20; 23. pii: E1230. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  65. ʻO Jannasch F, Kröger J, Schulze MB. Nā Hanana Dieteta a me ʻAno 2 Diabetes: kahi ʻōnaehana moʻomeheu ʻōnaehana a me ka Meta-ʻIliʻili o ka Prospective Studies. ʻO J Nutr. 2017 Iune; 147: 1174-1182. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  66. Naftali T, Mechulam R, Marii A, et al. Palekana ʻo ka cannabidiol haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa akā palekana akā ʻaʻole pono i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻo Crohn, kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kaulike ʻole ʻia. ʻO Dig Dis Sci. 2017 Jun; 62: 1615-20. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  67. Kaplan EH, Offermann EA, Sievers JW, Comi AM. Ka lāʻau Cannabidiol no ka hopu ʻana i ka maʻi i Sturge-Weber Syndrome. Pediatr Neurol. 2017 Iune; 71: 18-23.e2. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  68. Yeshurun ​​M, Shpilberg O, Herscovici C, et al. Cannabidiol no ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi graft-versus-host-ma hope o ka transplantation cell hematopoietic allogeneic: nā hopena o kahi noi II pae. Ke Kuhi Brow Blood Marrow. 2015 ʻOkakopa; 21: 1770-5. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  69. ʻO Geffrey AL, Pollack SF, Bruno PL, Thiele EA. ʻO ka launa lāʻau lāʻau ma waena o clobazam a me cannabidiol i nā keiki me ka epilepsy refrakory. Epilepsia. 2015 Aug; 56: 1246-51. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  70. ʻO Devinsky ʻO, ʻo Marsh E, ʻo Friedman D, a me nā. Cannabidiol i nā mea maʻi me ka epilepsy kūpaʻa kūpaʻa: kahi hoʻowalewale intervened trial label. Lancet Neurol. 2016 Malaki; 15: 270-8. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  71. 97021 Jadoon KA, Ratcliffe SH, Barrett DA, et al. Ka maikaʻi a me ka palekana o ka cannabidiol a me tetrahydrocannabivarin ma nā glycemic a me nā lipid i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes type 2: kahi randomized, double-blind, placebo-control, parallel group pilot study. Mālama Diabetes. 2016 ʻOkakopa; 39: 1777-86. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  72. Gofshteyn JS, Wilfong A, Devinsky O, et al. Cannabidiol ma ke ʻano he kūpono kūpono no ka maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i ka maʻi febrile e pili ana i ka maʻi epilepsy (FIRES) i nā manawa koʻikoʻi a mau. J Keiki Neurol. 2017 Ian; 32: 35-40. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  73. Hess EJ, Moody KA, Geffrey AL, et al. Cannabidiol ma ke ʻano he lāʻau hou no ka epilepsy kūpaʻa lāʻau kūpaʻa ma tuberous sclerosis complex. Epilepsia. 2016 ʻOkakopa; 57: 1617-24.
  74. Gaston TE, Bebin EM, Cutter GR, Liu Y, Szaflarski JP; Polokalamu UAB CBD. Nā pilina ma waena o cannabidiol a me nā lāʻau antiepileptic i hoʻohana mau ʻia. Epilepsia. 2017 Sep; 58: 1586-92. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  75. Devinsky O, Cross JH, Laux L, et al. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo o ka cannabidiol no ka hopu lāʻau kūpaʻa lāʻau i ka Dravet Syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2017 Mei 25; 376: 2011-2020. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  76. Bonn-Miller MO, Loflin MJE, Thomas BF, Marcu JP, Hyke T, Vandrey R. Labeling pono o nā huahana cannabidiol i kūʻai ʻia ma ka pūnaewele. JAMA 2017 Nov; 318: 1708-9. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  77. Malfait AM, Gallily R, Sumariwalla PF, et al. ʻO ka cannabidiol non-psychoactive cannabidiol kahi lāʻau anti-arthritic waha i loko o ka murine collagen-induced arthritis. ʻO Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000; 97: 9561-6. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  78. Formukong EA, Evans AT, Evans FJ. ʻO ka hana analgesic a me ka anti-inflammatory o nā mea i koho ʻia o Cannabis sativa L. Hoʻāla 1988; 12: 361-71. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  79. Valvassori SS, Elias G, de Souza B, et al. Nā hopena o ka cannabidiol ma ka amphetamine-induced oxidative stress hanauna i kahi ʻano holoholona o mania. ʻO J Psychopharmacol 2011; 25: 274-80. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  80. Esposito G, Scuderi C, Savani C, et al. Cannabidiol i loko o vivo blunts beta-amyloid i hoʻokomo ʻia neuroinflammation ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka ʻōlelo IL-1beta a me iNOS. Br J Pharmacol 2007; 151: 1272-9. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  81. Esposito G, De Filippis D, Maiuri MC, et al. Hiki iā Cannabidiol ke kāohi i ka nitric oxide synthase protein expression a me ka hana nitric oxide i beta-amyloid stimulate PC12 neurons ma o ka p38 MAP kinase a me ka NF-kappaB komo. Neurosci Lett 2006; 399 (1-2): 91-5. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  82. Iuvone T, Esposito G, De Filippis D, et al. Cannabidiol: kahi lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻohiki hou no nā maʻi neurodegenerative? CNS Neurosci Ther 2009; 15: 65-75. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  83. Bisogno T, Di Marzo Y. Ke kuleana o ka ʻōnaehana endocannabinoid i ka maʻi o Alzheimer: nā ʻoiaʻiʻo a me nā kuhiakau. ʻO Curr Pharm Des 2008; 14: 2299-3305. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  84. Zuardi AW. Cannabidiol: mai kahi cannabinoid hana ʻole i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau me ka laulā o ka hana. ʻO Rev Bras Psiquiatr 2008; 30: 271-80. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  85. Izzo AA, Borelli F, Capasso R, et al. ʻO nā mea kanu non-psychotropic cannabinoids: nā manawa lapaʻau hou mai kahi lau nahele kahiko. ʻO Trends Pharmacol Sci 2009; 30: 515-27. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  86. ʻO Booz GW. Cannabidiol ma ke ʻano he ʻōnaehana therapeutic e kū mai nei no ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka hopena o ka mumū ma ke kaumaha oxidative. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51: 1054-61. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  87. ʻO pickens JT. ʻO ka hana sedative o ka cannabis e pili ana i ka delta’-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol a me ka ʻike cannabidiol. ʻO Br J Pharmacol 1981; 72: 649-56. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  88. Monti JM. Nā hopena Hypnoticlike o cannabidiol i kaʻiole. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1977; 55: 263-5. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  89. Karler R, Turkanis SA. Mālama i ka lāʻau cannabinoid Subakt: ka hana anticonvulsant a me ka haʻalele ʻana i kaʻiole i nāʻiole. Br J Pharmacol 1980; 68: 479-84. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  90. Karler R, Cely W, Turkanis SA. ʻO ka hana anticonvulsant o cannabidiol a me cannabinol. Life Sci 1973; 13: 1527-31. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  91. Consroe PF, Wokin AL. ʻO ka pilina anticonvulsant o ka cannabidiol a me ka ethosuximide i nāʻiole. ʻO J Farm Pharmacol 1977; 29: 500-1. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  92. Consroe P, Wolkin A. Cannabidiol-antiepilpetic lāʻau hoʻohālikelike a me nā pilina i nā hoʻokolohua i hopu ʻia i nāʻiole. ʻO J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1977; 201: 26-32. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  93. ʻO Carlini EA, Leite JR, Tannhauser M, Berardi AC. Palapala: Cannabidiol a me Cannabis sativa extract e pale aku i nāʻiole a me nāʻiole e pili ana i nā mea konohiki. ʻO J Pharm Pharmacol 1973; 25: 664-5. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  94. Cryan JF, Markou A, Lucki I. Ke nānā nei i ka hana antidepressant i nā rodents: nā hanana hou a me nā pono e hiki mai ana. ʻO Trends Pharmacol Sci 2002; 23: 238-45. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  95. El-Alfy AT, Ivey K, Robinson K, et al. ʻO ka hopena Antidepressant-like o delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol a me nā cannabinoids ʻē aʻe i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai Cannabis sativa L. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2010; 95: 434-42. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  96. Resstel LB, Tavares RF, Lisboa SF, et al. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea loaʻa 5-HT1A i ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻia e ka cannabidiol o ka hana a me ka pane ʻana i ka naʻau i ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi i nāʻiole. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 156: 181-8. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  97. Granjeiro EM, Gomes FV, ​​Guimaraes FS, et al. Nā hopena o ka lawelawe intracisternal o ka cannabidiol i ka naʻau a me nā pane e pili ana i ka hoʻoluhi koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi. ʻO Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 99: 743-8. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  98. Murillo-Rodriguez E, Millan-Aldaco D, Palomero-Rivero M, et al. ʻO Cannabidiol, kahi mea paʻa o Cannabis sativa, hoʻololi i ka hiamoe i nāʻiole. FEBS Lett 2006; 580: 4337-45. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  99. De Filippis D, Esposito G, Cirillo C, et al. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka mumū o ka ʻōpū ma o ka kaohi o ke axis neuroimmune PLoS Hoʻokahi 2011; 6: e28159. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  100. Bhattacharyya S, Fusar-Poli P, Borgwardt S, et al. Hoʻololi i ka hana mediotemporal a me ka ventrostriatal i nā kānaka e Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol: kahi kumu neural no nā hopena o Cannabis sativa i ke aʻo ʻana a me ka psychosis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2009; 66: 442-51. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  101. ʻO Dalton WS, Martz R, Lemberger L, et al. Ka hopena o ka cannabidiol ma nā hopena delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. ʻO Clin Pharmacol Ther 1976; 19: 300-9. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  102. ʻO Guimaraes VM, Zuardi AW, Del Bel EA, Guimaraes FS. Hoʻonui ka Cannabidiol i ka ʻōlelo Fos i loko o ka nucleus accumbens akā ʻaʻole ma ka dorsal striatum. Life Sci 2004; 75: 633-8. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  103. Moreira FA, Guimaraes FS. Ua pāpā ʻo Cannabidiol i ka hyperlocomotion i hoʻokomo ʻia e nā lāʻau psychomimetic i nāʻiole. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 512 (2-3): 199-205. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  104. Long LE, Chesworth R, Huang XF, et al. Hoʻohālikelike hoʻohālikelike o Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol a me ka cannabidiol i ka ʻiole C57BL / 6JArc. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2010; 13: 861-76. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  105. Zuardi AW, Rodriguez JA, Cunha JM. Nā hopena o ka cannabidiol i nā hiʻohiʻona holoholona i wānana i ka hana antipsychotic. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1991; 104: 260-4. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  106. ʻO Malone DT, ʻo Jongejan D, ʻo Taylor DA. Hoʻohuli ʻo Cannabidiol i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka launa kaiaulu i hana ʻia e Delta-tetrahydrocannabinol haʻahaʻa ma nāʻiole. ʻO Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2009; 93: 91-6. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  107. Schubart CD, Sommer IE, Fusar-Poli P, et al. Cannabidiol ma ke ʻano he kūpono kūpono no ka psychosis. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 24: 51-64. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  108. Campos AC, Moreira FA, Gomes FV, ​​et al. ʻO nā ʻano hana he nui i hoʻopili ʻia i ka hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka maʻi nui o ka cannabidiol i nā maʻi psychiatric. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2012; 367: 3364-78. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  109. Fusar-Poli P, Allen P, Bhattacharyya S, et al. Hoʻololi i ka pilina maikaʻi i ka manawa o ka naʻau na Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol a me cannabidiol. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2010; 13: 421-32. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  110. ʻO Casarotto PC, Gomes FV, ​​Resstel LB, Guimaraes FS. ʻO ka hopena ʻo Cannabidiol kaohi ma ke kanu ʻana i ke kinikini: ke komo ʻana o nā mea loaʻa CB1. ʻO Behav Pharmacol 2010; 21: 353-8. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  111. Uribe-Marino A, Francisco A, Castiblanco-Urbina MA, et al. Nā hopena anti-aversive o ka cannabidiol ma luna o nā hana i loko o ka makaʻu makaʻu i hoʻoweliweli ʻia e kahi ʻano moʻomeheu o nā weliweli weliweli e pili ana i kahi pio vs ka nahelehele hihiu Epicrates cenchria crassus confrontation paradigm Neuropsychopharmacology 2012; 37: 412-21. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  112. Campos AC, Guimaraes FS. Hoʻopili ka hoʻoulu ʻana o nā ʻelima 5HT1A i nā hopena a me ka hopena sociolytic o ka cannabidiol i kahi hiʻohiʻona PTSD. ʻO Behav Pharmacol 2009; 20: S54.
  113. Resstel LB, Joca SR, Moreira FA, et al. Nā hopena o ka cannabidiol a me ka diazepam ma nā hana a me nā pane o ka maʻi puʻuwai i hoʻoweliweli ʻia e ka makaʻu hopohopo i nāʻiole. ʻO Behav Brain Res 2006; 172: 294-8. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  114. Moreira FA, Aguiar DC, Guimaraes FS. ʻO ka hopena Anxiolytic-like o ka cannabidiol i ka hoʻokolohua hakakā ʻo Vogel. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2006; 30: 1466-71. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  115. Onaivi ES, Green MR, Martin BR. ʻO ka hōʻike ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau o ka cannabinoids i ka maze kiʻekiʻe. ʻO J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1990; 253: 1002-9. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  116. ʻO Guimaraes FS, Chairetti TM, Graeff FG, Zuardi AW. Ka hopena antianxiance o cannabidiol i ka maze kiʻekiʻe. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1990; 100: 558-9. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  117. Magen I, Avraham Y, Ackerman Z, et al. Hiki iā Cannabidiol ke hoʻonui i ka noʻonoʻo a me ka hōʻino ʻana o ka moto i nāʻiole me ka ligation duct. ʻO J Hepatol 2009; 51: 528-34. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  118. Rajesh M, Mukhopadhyay P, Batkai S, et al. Hoʻopili ʻo Cannabidiol i ka hana ʻole o ka naʻau, ke kaumaha oxidative, fibrosis, a me nā ala hōʻailona make a me ka cell i nā maʻi ma ka diabetic cardiomyopathy. ʻO J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 56: 2115-25. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  119. El-Remessy AB, Khalifa Y, Ola S, et al. Pale aku ʻo Cannabidiol i nā neurons retina e ka mālama ʻana i ka hana glutamine synthetase i ka maʻi kō. Mol Vis 2010; 16: 1487-95. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  120. El-Remessy AB, Al-Shabrawey M, Khalifa Y, et al. ʻO ka Neuroprotective a me ka pale o ke kahe o ke koko-e mālama ana i nā hopena o ka cannabidiol i ka maʻi diabetes. Am J Pathol 2006; 168: 235-44. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  121. Rajesh M, Mukhopadhyay P, Batkai S, et al. Hoʻopili ʻo Cannabidiol i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose-induces endothelial cell i ka pane a me ka hoʻohaunaele. ʻO Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007; 293: H610-H619. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  122. ʻO Toth CC, Jedrzejewski NM, Ellis CL, Frey WH. Cannabinoid-mediated modulation of neuropathic pain and microglial accumulate in a model of murine type 1 diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. Mol Pain 2010; 6: 16. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  123. ʻO Aviello G, Romano B, Borrelli F, et al. Ka hopena Chemopreventive o ka non-psychotropic fittocannabinoid cannabidiol ma ka maʻi ʻaʻa kolona hoʻokolohua. ʻO J Mol Med (Berl) 2012; 90: 925-34. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  124. Lee CY, Wey SP, Liao MH, et al. Ke aʻo hoʻohālikelike e pili ana i ka apoptosis i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka cannabidiol i loko o ka murine thymosittes a me nā pūnaewele EL-4 thymoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2008; 8: 732-40. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  125. Massi P, Valenti M, Vaccani A, et al. 5-Lipoxygenase a me anandamide hydrolase (FAAH) i waena o ka hana antitumor o cannabidiol, kahi non-psychoactive cannabinoid. ʻO J Neurochem 2008; 104: 1091-100. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  126. ʻO Valenti M, Massi P, Bolognini D, et al. Cannabidiol, kahi non-psychoactive cannabinoid hui e kāohi i ka neʻe ʻana o ka cell glioma kanaka a me ka invasiveness. 34th National Congress o ka ʻĀina Italia o Pharmacology 2009.
  127. Torres S, Lorente M, Rodriguez-Fornes F, et al. ʻO kahi preclinical therapy o cannabinoids a me temozolomide e kūʻē iā glioma. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10: 90-103. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  128. Jacobsson SO, Rongard E, Stridh M, et al. Nā hopena hilinaʻi kūpuna o tamoxifen a me cannabinoids ma luna o C6 glioma cell viability. ʻO Biochem Pharmacol 2000; 60: 1807-13. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  129. Hoʻokumu ʻo Shrivastava A, Kuzontkoski PM, Groopman JE, Prasad A. Cannabidiol i ka make cell i hoʻolālā ʻia i loko o nā cell cancer cancer ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke kamaʻilio kūkākūkā ma waena o apoptosis a me autophagy. ʻO Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10: 1161-72. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  130. McAllister SD, Murase R, Christian RT, et al. Nā ala waena e hoʻopili i nā hopena o ka cannabidiol ma ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, ka hoʻouka ʻana, a me ka metastasis. Hoʻomaʻo Breast Cancer Res 2011; 129: 37-47. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  131. McAllister SD, Christian RT, Horowitz MP, et al. Cannabidiol ma ke ʻano he mea kāohi i ka ʻōlelo Id-1 i loko o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO Mol Cancer Ther 2007; 6: 2921-7. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  132. Ligresti A, Moriello AS, Starowicz K, et al. ʻO ka hana Antitumor o nā mea kanu cannabinoids me ka manaʻo nui i ka hopena o ka cannabidiol i ka carcinoma umauma kanaka. ʻO J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006; 318: 1375-87. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  133. Massi P, Solinas M, Cinquina V, Parolaro D. Cannabidiol ma ke ʻano he lāʻau anticancer hiki. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 75: 303-12. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  134. Schubart CD, Sommer IE, van Gastel WA, a me al. ʻO ka cannabis me ka ʻike cannabidiol kiʻekiʻe e pili ana me nā ʻike psychotic liʻiliʻi. ʻO Schizophr Res 2011; 130 (1-3): 216-21. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  135. ʻO Englund A, Morrison PD, Nottage J, et al. Hiki iā Cannabidiol ke kāohi i nā hōʻailona paranoid THC-elicited a me ka hōʻino ʻana i ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka hilinaʻi hippocampal. ʻO J Psychopharmacol 2013; 27: 19-27. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  136. Devinsky O, Cilio MR, Cross H, et al. Cannabidiol: ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka hana therapeutic kūpono i ka epilepsy a me nā maʻi neuropsychiatric ʻē aʻe. Epilepsia 2014; 55: 791-802. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  137. Serpell MG, Notcutt W, Collin C. Sativex hoʻohana lōʻihi lōʻihi: kahi hoʻokolohua hāmama i nā maʻi me ka spasticity ma muli o ka sclerosis he nui. ʻO J Neurol 2013; 260: 285-95. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  138. Notcutt W, Langford R, Davies P, et al. ʻO kahi placebo-kāohi ʻia, hui like, ka loiloi hope ʻana i nā kumuhana me nā ʻōuli o ka spasticity ma muli o nā sclerosis he nui e loaʻa iā Sativex lōʻihi (nabiximols). Mult Scler 2012; 18: 219-28. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  139. Brady CM, DasGupta R, Dalton C, et al. ʻO kahi noi wehe hamama o nā mea lawe mai i ka cannabis no ka maʻi bladder i ka sclerosis nunui. Mult Scler 2004; 10: 425-33. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  140. Kavia RB, De Ridder D, Constantinescu CS, et al. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kaulike ʻia o Sativex e mālama i ka detrusor overactivity i loko o nā sclerosis he nui. Mult Scler 2010; 16: 1349-59. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  141. Wade DT, Makela PM, House H, et al. Hoʻohana wā lōʻihi o kahi lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka cannabis ma spasticity a me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i ka sclerosis maha. Mult Scler 2006; 12: 639-45. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  142. Novotna A, Mares J, Ratcliffe S, et al. ʻO ka randomized, double-blind, placebo-kontrol, parallel-group, enriched-design study of nabiximols * (Sativex), ma ke ʻano he add-on therapy, i nā kumuhana me ka spasticity refactory i hoʻokumu ʻia e sclerosis he nui. Eur J Neurol 2011; 18: 1122-31. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  143. Hōʻike Overview. Pūnaewele Pūnaewele GW.Loaʻa ma: http://www.gwpharm.com/about-us-overview.aspx. Loaʻa ʻia: Mei 31, 2015.
  144. Ke hōʻike nei ʻo Cannabidiol i kēia manawa i nā mea hoʻopihapihaʻai. Pūnaewele Nūhou Lapaʻau. https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com/news/news-items/2015/march/cannabidiol-now-showing-up-in-dietary-supplements.aspx. (Loaʻa iā Mei 31, 2015).
  145. Zuardi AW, Cosme RA, Graeff FG, Guimaraes FS. Nā hopena o ipsapirone a me cannabidiol i ka hopohopo hoʻokolohua kanaka. ʻO J Psychopharmacol 1993; 7 (1 Hōʻawi): 82-8. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  146. Leighty EG, Fentiman AF Jr, Foltz RL. ʻO nā metabolites i paʻa mau ʻia o delta9- a me delta8-tetrahydrocannabinols i ʻike ʻia me he mea lā he mea hui pū kekahi me ka fatty acid. ʻO Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 1976; 14: 13-28. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  147. ʻO Samara E, Bialer M, Mechoulam R. Pharmacokinetics o ka cannabidiol i nā ʻīlio. Ka Waihona Metab Lapaʻau 1988; 16: 469-72. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  148. ʻO Consroe P, Sandyk R, Snider SR. E wehe i ka loiloi loiloi o cannabidiol i nā maʻi neʻe dystonic. Int J Neurosci 1986; 30: 277-82. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  149. Crippa JA, Derenusson GN, Ferrari TB, et al. ʻO ke kumu neural o nā hopena anxiolytic o cannabidiol (CBD) i loko o ka maʻi maʻamau o ka nohona kuʻuna: kahi hōʻike mua. ʻO J Psychopharmacol 2011; 25: 121-30. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  150. Bornheim LM, Everhart ET, Li J, Correia MA. ʻO ke ʻano o ka cannabidiol-mediated cytochrome P450 inactivation. ʻO Biochem Pharmacol 1993; 45: 1323-31. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  151. ʻO Harvey DJ. ʻO ka absorption, ka hāʻawi, a me ka biotransformation o nā cannabinoids. Marijuana a me Kauka. 1999; 91-103.
  152. Yamaori S, Ebisawa J, Okushima Y, et al. ʻO ka pāpā ʻana o ka cytochrome kanaka P450 3A isoforms e ka cannabidiol: ke kuleana o nā hui phenolic hydroxyl i ka huhū resorcinol. Life Sci 2011; 88 (15-16): 730-6. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  153. ʻO Yamaori S, ʻo Okamoto Y, ʻo Yamamoto I, ʻo Watanabe K. Cannabidiol, kahi phytocannabinoid nui, ma ke ʻano he mea kāohi atypical ikaika no CYP2D6. Nānā Metab Dispos 2011; 39: 2049-56. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  154. ʻO Yamaori S, Maeda C, ʻo Yamamoto I, ʻo Watanabe K. ʻO ka pāpā ʻana i ka cytochrome kanaka P450 2A6 a me 2B6 e nā phytocannabinoids nui. Forensic Toxicol 2011; 29: 117-24.
  155. Yamaori S, Kushihara M, Yamamoto I, Watanabe K. Hoʻohālikelike o nā phytocannabinoids nui, cannabidiol a me cannabinol, e like me nā mea āpau isoform-selective potent o ke kanaka CYP1 enzyme. ʻO Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 79: 1691-8. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  156. Zuardi AW, Crippa JA, Hallak JE, et al. Cannabidiol no ka mālama ʻana i ka psychosis i ka maʻi o Parkinson. ʻO J Psychopharmacol 2009; 23: 979-83. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  157. Morgan CJ, Das RK, Joye A, et al. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol ke hoʻemi i ka paka ʻana i ka paka i nā mea puhipaka: nā hopena mua. Addict Behav 2013; 38: 2433-6. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  158. Pertwee RG. ʻO ka CB1 a me CB2 receptor pharmacology ʻekolu o nā cannabinoids mea kanu: delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol a me delat9-tetrahydrocannabivarin. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 153: 199-215. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  159. Leweke FM, Kranaster L, Pahlisch F, et al. ʻO ka pono o cannabidiol i ka mālama ʻana i schizophrenia - kahi ala unuhi. Schizophr Bull 2011; 37 (Hōʻawi 1): 313.
  160. Leweke FM, Piomelli D, Pahlisch F, et al. Hoʻonui ka Cannabidiol i ka hōʻailona anandamide a hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā hōʻailona psychotic o schizophrenia. Unuhi i ka Psychiatry 2012; 2: e94. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  161. ʻO Carroll CB, Bain PG, Teare L, et al. Cannabis no ka dyskinesia ma ka maʻi ʻo Parkinson: kahi noiʻi crossover makapō makapō makapō. ʻO Neurology 2004; 63: 1245-50. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  162. Bergamaschi MM, Queiroz RH, Chagas MH, et al. Cannabidiol hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka hopohopo i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka lehulehu i kamaʻilio ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi phobia nohona. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011; 36: 1219-26. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  163. Zuardi AW, Crippa JA, Hallak JE, et al. Cannabidiol, kahi mea hiki i ka cannabis sativa, ma ke ʻano he lāʻau antipsychotic. ʻO Braz J Med Biol Res 2006; 39: 421-9. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  164. Yadav V, Bever C Jr, Bowen J, et al. Hōʻuluʻulu o ke alakaʻi alakaʻi e pili ana i nā hōʻike: kōkua a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i nā sclerosis he nui: hōʻike o ke kōmike hoʻomohala alakaʻi o ka American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2014; 82: 1083-92. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  165. ʻO Tr Assembly B, Sherman M. Haʻawina makapō makapō makapō o ka cannabidiol ma ke ʻano he anticonvulsant lua. ʻO Marijuana '90 International Conference ma Cannabis a me Cannabinoids 1990; 2: 5.
  166. ʻO Srivastava, M. D., Srivastava, B. I., a me Brouhard, B. Delta9 tetrahydrocannabinol a me cannabidiol e hoʻololi i ka hana cytokine e nā hunaola pale kanaka. Immunopharmacology 1998; 40: 179-185. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  167. Cunha, JM, Carlini, EA, Pereira, AE, Ramos, OL, Pimentel, C., Gagliardi, R., Sanvito, WL, Lander, N., a me Mechoulam, R. Hoʻokele pinepine ʻana o ka cannabidiol i nā mea manawaleʻa olakino a me nā maʻi epileptic. . Mea lāʻau lapaʻau 1980; 21: 175-185. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  168. ʻO Carlini EA, Cunha JM. Nā hopena Hypnotic a me antiepileptic o cannabidiol. ʻO J Clin Pharmacol 1981; 21 (8-9 Hōʻawi): 417S-27S. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  169. Zuardi, A. W., Shirakawa, I., Finkelfarb, E., a me Karniol, I. G. Hana ʻana i ka cannabidiol i ka hopohopo a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia e delta 9-THC i nā kumuhana maʻamau. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1982; 76: 245-250. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  170. Ames, F. R. a me Cridland, S. Anticonvulsant hopena o ka cannabidiol. ʻO S.Afr.Med.J. 1-4-1986; 69: 14. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  171. Ohlsson, A., Lindgren, J. E., Andersson, S., Agurell, S., Gillespie, H., a me Hollister, L. E. ʻO nā kinetics kū hoʻokahi o nā deuterium i kapa ʻia ʻo cannabidiol i loko o ke kāne ma hope o ka puhi ʻana a me ka lawelawe intravenous. ʻO Biomed.Environ Mass Spectrom. 1986; 13: 77-83. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  172. ʻO Wade, D. T., Collin, C., Stott, C., a me Duncombe, P. Meta-anamanaʻo i ka pono a me ka palekana o Sativex (nabiximols), ma ka spasticity i ka poʻe me nā sclerosis he nui. Mult.Scler. 2010; 16: 707-714. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  173. Collin, C., Ehler, E., Waberzinek, G., Alsindi, Z., Davies, P., Powell, K., Notcutt, W., O'Leary, C., Ratcliffe, S., Novakova, I ., Zapletalova, O., Pikova, J., a me Ambler, Z. He pālua makapō, hoʻokolohua ʻia, kahi placebo-kāohi ʻia, kahi hui like o Sativex, i nā kumuhana me nā ʻōuli o ka spasticity ma muli o ka sclerosis he nui. Neurol.Res. 2010; 32: 451-459. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  174. Crippa, J. A., Zuardi, A. W., Martin-Santos, R., Bhattacharyya, S., Atakan, Z., McGuire, P., a me Fusar-Poli, P. Cannabis a me ka hopohopo: kahi loiloi koʻikoʻi o nā hōʻike. Hum.Psychopharmacol. 2009; 24: 515-523. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  175. Consroe, P., Laguna, J., Allender, J., Snider, S., Stern, L., Sandyk, R., Kennedy, K., a me Schram, K. Hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka cannabidiol i ka maʻi o Huntington. ʻO Pharmacol Biochem.Behav. 1991; 40: 701-708. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  176. Harvey, D. J., Samara, E., a me Mechoulam, R. Hoʻohālikelike hoʻohālikelike o ka cannabidiol i ka ʻīlio, ʻiole a me kāne. ʻO Pharmacol Biochem.Behav. 1991; 40: 523-532. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  177. Collin, C., Davies, P., Mutiboko, I. K., a me Ratcliffe, S. Hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ʻia o ka lāʻau hiki ke hoʻohana i ka cannabis ma muli o ka sclerosis he nui. Eur.J.Neurol. 2007; 14: 290-296. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  178. Massi, P., Vaccani, A., Bianchessi, S., Costa, B., Macchi, P., a me Parolaro, D. ʻO ka non-psychoactive cannabidiol ka mea e hoʻonāuki i ka caspase a me ke koʻikoʻi oxidative i nā hunaola glioma kanaka. Pūnaewele Mol. Ola Sci. 2006; 63: 2057-2066. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  179. Weiss, L., Zeira, M., Reich, S., Har-Noy, M., Mechoulam, R., Slavin, S., a me Gallily, R. Cannabidiol hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka maʻi diabetes i nā ʻiole diabetic non-obese. Autoimmunity 2006; 39: 143-151. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  180. ʻO Watzl, B., Scuderi, P., a me Watson, ʻo R. R. Marijuana nā mea e hoʻonāukiuki i ka huna o ke kanaka mononuclear cell secretion o interferon-gamma a kāpae i ka interleukin-1 alpha in vitro. Int J Immunopharmacol. 1991; 13: 1091-1097. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  181. ʻO Consroe, P., Kennedy, K., a me Schram, K. Assay o ka plasma cannabidiol e ka capillary gas chromatography / ion trap mass spectroscopy ma hope o ka nui o ka lāʻau i ʻōlelo ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā ka hoʻoponopono waha i nā kānaka. ʻO Pharmacol Biochem.Behav. 1991; 40: 517-522. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  182. Barnes, M. P. Sativex: ka pono o ke olakino a me ke ahonui i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōuli o ka sclerosis maha a me ka ʻeha neuropathic. Expert.Opin.Farmacother. 2006; 7: 607-615. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  183. Wade, D. T., Makela, P., Robson, P., Hale, H., a me Bateman, C. Loaʻa paha nā hopena lāʻau i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka cannabis i nā hopena ākea a i ʻole kikoʻī i nā ʻōuli ma nā sclerosis he nui? ʻO kahi makapō makapō, makapō, placebo-kāohi noiʻi ma 160 mau maʻi. Mult.Scler. 2004; 10: 434-441. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  184. ʻO Iuvone, T., Esposito, G., Esposito, R., Santamaria, R., Di Rosa, M., a me Izzo, AA Neuroprotective hopena o cannabidiol, kahi mea non-psychoactive mai Cannabis sativa, ma beta-amyloid i hoʻokomo ʻia. ʻino ma nā pūnaewele PC12. J Neurochem. 2004; 89: 134-141. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  185. Massi, P., Vaccani, A., Ceruti, S., Colombo, A., Abbracchio, M. P., a me Parolaro, D. Nā hopena Antitumor o cannabidiol, kahi cannabinoid nonpsychoactive, ma nā laina pūnaewele glioma kanaka. J Pharmacol Exp.Ther. 2004; 308: 838-845. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  186. Crippa, JA, Zuardi, AW, Garrido, GE, Wichert-Ana, L., Guarnieri, R., Ferrari, L., Azevedo-Marques, PM, Hallak, JE, McGuire, PK, a me Filho, Busatto G. Nā hopena o ka cannabidiol (CBD) ma ke kahe o ke kahe o ka cerebral. Neuropsychopharmacology 2004; 29: 417-426. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  187. ʻO Wade, D. T., Robson, P., House, H., Makela, P., a me Aram, J. ʻO kahi loiloi mua e kaohi ʻia e hoʻoholo inā hiki i nā mea kanu cannabis mea kanu ke hoʻomaikaʻi i nā ʻōuli neurogenic hiki ʻole ke kiʻi ʻia. ʻO Clin.Rehabil. 2003; 17: 21-29. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
  188. Covington TR, et al. Puke lima o nā lāʻau lapaʻau Nonprescription. 11th hua. Wakinekona, DC: ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ʻAmelika, 1996.
Nānā hope - 12/18/2020

ʻO Kā Mākou Koho

Hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i kahi STD mai ka honi ʻana?
Ola Kino

Hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i kahi STD mai ka honi ʻana?

ʻO nā maʻi i lawe ʻia i ka moekolohe wale nō ( TD ) hiki ke lawe ʻia ma o ka honi ʻana. ʻElua mau mea maʻamau ʻo ka herpe implex viru (H V) a me ka cytomegaloviru (CMV).Hiki i ka honi ke lilo i kekahi...
He Kauka wau, a ua pili wau i ka Opioids. Hiki iā ia ke hana i kekahi.
Ola Kino

He Kauka wau, a ua pili wau i ka Opioids. Hiki iā ia ke hana i kekahi.

I ka makahiki i hala, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Pelekikena Trump i ka maʻi ahulau opioid i kahi ulia ola kino lehulehu. Kaʻana ʻo Dr. Faye Jamali i nā mea maoli o kēia pilikia me kāna moʻolelo pilikino o ka hoʻō...