ʻAilā Kope Cod

Anter

• ʻAʻole lawa nā hōʻike e hōʻike i ka pono no ...
• Nā mālama a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kūikawā:

Hiki ke kiʻi ʻia ka aila kō Cod mai ka ʻai ʻana i ka ate cod hou a i ʻole i ka lawe ʻana i nā mea hoʻopiha.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻaila ate Cod ma ke ʻano he kumu o ka wikamina A a me ka lāʻau D. Hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he kumu momona i kapa ʻia ʻo omega-3 no ke olakino puʻuwai, kaumaha, arthritis, a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, akā ʻaʻohe hōʻike ʻepekema maikaʻi i nā hoʻohana. .

Nā Laʻau Laʻau Kūlohelohe Kūlohelohe nā helu kūpono e pili ana i nā hōʻike ʻepekema e like me ka pālākiō e hiki mai ana: Ka maikaʻi, ka hopena maikaʻi, ka hopena maikaʻi, ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole, ka maikaʻi ʻole, ka maikaʻi ʻole, a me ka lawa ʻole o nā hōʻike i ka helu.

Nā helu kūpono no Aila OLA COD penei:

ʻAʻole lawa nā hōʻike e hōʻike i ka pono no ...

• ʻO kahi maʻi maka e alakaʻi ai i ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻike i nā mākua makua (degeneration macular e pili ana i ka makahiki a i ʻole AMD). ʻO ka poʻe e ʻai nui i ka iʻa a lawe i ka aila cod ate ʻaʻohe o lākou kūlana haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia ʻano hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka poʻe e ʻai wale i ka iʻa he nui.
• Ke kunu wela. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila ate ate i ka wā hāpai a i ʻole ka hānai ʻana i ka umauma, a i ʻole ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka aila cod i ke keiki pēpē a hiki i 2 mau makahiki, ʻaʻole ia e pale aku i ka huh fever.
• Kuʻi naʻau kaulike (arrhythmia). Lawe ʻia ka aila ate ate e ka waha e hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha i kahi ʻano o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai i kū ʻole i kekahi poʻe. Akā ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia inā hōʻemi kēia i ka makaʻu o ka make pili puʻuwai. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila cod ate e ka waha, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ke kuʻi puʻuwai o ke kaulike ʻole i nā kāne me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai kūpono ʻole ma hope o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai.
• Asthma. Hōʻike ka hapa nui o ka noiʻi ʻana i ka lawe ʻana i ka aila cod ate i ka wā hāpai a hānai umauma paha, a i ʻole ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka aila cod ate i kahi pēpē a hiki i 2 mau makahiki, ʻaʻole ia e pale i ka hānō. Akā ʻo ka lawe ʻana i ka aila ate ate 1-3 manawa i kēlā me kēia pule i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana e hōʻemi paha i ka makaʻu o ka hānō i ke keiki ma 6 mau makahiki.
• Eczema (atopic dermatitis). Hōʻike ka hapanui o ka noiʻi ʻana i ka lawe ʻana i ka aila cod ate i ka wā hāpai a hānai umauma paha, a i ʻole ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka aila ate ate i kahi pēpē a hiki i 2 mau makahiki, ʻaʻole ia e pale i ka eczema. Akā heʻuʻuku nā pēpē i loaʻa ka eczema i hoʻokahi makahiki o ka makahiki inā lākou e lawe i ka aila cod ate ma ka liʻiliʻi ʻehā mau manawa o ka pule.
• Kaumaha. Lawe ʻia ka aila cod ate me ka 29% haʻahaʻa manawa o ka poʻe mākua i loaʻa nā ʻōkuhi kaumaha.
• Diabetes. Hiki ke kōkua i ka lawe ʻana i ka aila cod ate e kaohi i ke kō kō i ka poʻe me ka maʻi kō i ka wā hāpai. Kōkua paha kēia i ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia ma ka wā hānau. Lawe ʻia i 12 mau pule no ka pono. ʻAʻole kōkua ka lawe ʻana i ka aila cod ate me ke kaohi kō kō i nā poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 1.
• ʻO ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka kolesterol (hyperkolesterolemia ʻohana). Hōʻike ka noiʻi mua i ka lawe ʻana i ka aila cod ate me he mea lā ʻaʻole e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae kolesterol i ka poʻe me ka hypercholesterolemia ʻohana.
• Kolesterol kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila kōpaʻa ate e ka waha, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae kolesterol i ka poʻe me ke kolesterol kiʻekiʻe. Akā e hoʻonui paha ia i ka "maikaʻi" o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lipoprotein kolesterol pae i ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 1 a me ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā momona o ke koko i kapa ʻia ʻo "triglycerides" i nā kāne i loaʻa i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai.
• Piʻi koko kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila ate ate e ka waha me he mea lā e hoʻohaʻahaʻa iki i ke kahe o ke koko i ka poʻe olakino a me nā mea me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko. Akā ʻaʻole maopopo inā he ʻano koʻikoʻi kēia hōʻemi no ka poʻe me ke kiʻekiʻe loa o ka cholesterol.
• ʻO ka ʻōhū wā lōʻihi (ʻōpala) i ka wahi digestive (maʻi ʻōpū a me IBD). ʻO kekahi poʻe me ka maʻi ʻōpala ʻeha ka ʻeha pū. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila cod ate e hōʻemi paha i ka ʻeha hui i kekahi poʻe me kēia ʻano.
• ʻO Osteoarthritis. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila ate ate me ka NSAID ʻaʻole ia e hoʻemi i ka pehu ʻana i ka poʻe me ka osteoarthritis ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kahi NSAID wale nō.
• Pākuʻi pepeiao (otitis media). ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila ate ate a me kahi multivitamin e hōʻemi paha i ka pono e hoʻohana i ka lāʻau e mālama ai i nā maʻi pepeiao i nā keiki ʻōpio ma kahi o 12%.
• ʻO ka maʻi o nā alaloa. ʻO ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā keiki ʻōpio cod aila akepaʻa a me ka multivitamin me he mea lā e hōʻemi ana i ka helu o ke kipa ʻana o ke keʻena no nā maʻi lele.
• Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila ate ate e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ai i ka ʻeha, ka ʻāʻī o ke kakahiaka, a me ka pehu ʻana i kekahi mau mea maʻi me ka rheumatoid arthritis. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka lawe ʻana i ka aila ate ate a me ka aila iʻa me he mea lā e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka pono e hoʻohana i ka lāʻau e mālama ai i ka huʻi pū i nā poʻe me kēia ʻano.
• Ka nele o ka wikamina D. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila cod ate e hoʻonui ana i nā kiʻekiʻe o ke koko o ka wikamina D i kekahi mau kānaka. Akā ʻaʻole maopopo inā hoʻonui ka aila cod ate i ka wikamina D i nā pae maʻamau i ka poʻe me nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka lāʻau D.
• ʻO kahi hui o nā maʻi maka e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻike (glaucoma).
• Nā hopena ʻili lāliʻi.
• Burns.
• ʻHū popoki.
• Maʻi maʻi puʻuwai.
• Hemorrhoids.
• Nā pae kiʻekiʻe o nā momona i kapa ʻia nā triglycerides i ke koko (hypertriglyceridemia).
• Nā hōʻino kīwaha i ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes (diabetic nephropathy). .
• Hoola ʻeha.
• Nā kūlana ʻē aʻe.

Pono nā hōʻike hou aʻe e helu i ka aila cod ate no kēia mau hoʻohana.

Aia i loko o ka aila Cod ate kekahi mau "waikawa momona" e pale maʻalahi ai i ke koko. Hoʻoemi kēia mau momona momona i kaʻeha a me ka pehu.

Ke lawe ʻia e ka waha: ʻO kaʻaila ate Cod LIKELY SAFE no ka hapanui o nā mākua ke lawe ʻia e ka waha. Hiki iā ia ke kumu i nā hopena ʻē aʻe me ka belching, ka hanu maikaʻi ʻole, ka ʻū ʻana o ka puʻuwai, nā noho maha, a me ka nausea. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila cod ate me nā meaʻai hiki ke hōʻemi pinepine i kēia mau hopena. ʻO nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe o ka aila cod ate POSSIBLY UNSAFE. Mālama paha lākou i ke koko mai ka hoʻopili ʻana a hiki ke hoʻonui i ka manawa o ke kahe ʻana. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe ʻo Vitamin A a me ka wikamina D i kiʻekiʻe loa me nā kiʻekiʻena o ka aila cod ate.

Ke hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻili: ʻAʻole lawa ka ʻike hilinaʻi e ʻike ai inā palekana ka aila cod ate a he aha nā hopena ʻē aʻe.

Nā mālama a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kūikawā:

Hāpai a me ka hānai umauma: ʻO kaʻaila ate Cod SAFE MAU PONO ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka nui e hāʻawi ʻole ai ma mua o nā mea i koi ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā o nā wikamina A a me ka wikamina D. Cod ate aila POSSIBLY UNSAFE ke lawe ʻia i ka nui. ʻAʻole pono nā wahine hāpai a hānai hānai paha i ka hinu cod cod e hāʻawi ana ma mua o 3000 mcg o ka huaora A a me 100 mcg o ka huaola D.

Nā keiki: ʻO kaʻaila ate Cod LIKELY SAFE no ka hapanui o nā keiki ke lawe ʻia e ka waha i nā nui e hāʻawi i nā mea ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o nā mea i koi ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā o ka wikamina A a me ka lāʻau D. POSSIBLY UNSAFE ke lawe ʻia i ka nui.

Diabetes: Aia kekahi hopohopo e hiki i ka aila cod ate a i ʻole nā ​​iʻa iʻa e hoʻonui i ke kō kō i nā poʻe me ka maʻi kō. Akā ʻaʻohe noiʻi ikaika e kākoʻo i kēia hopohopo. Akā aia kekahi mau hōʻike e hiki ai i ka cod cod ka aila ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae kō kō a hoʻonui i nā hopena hoʻohaʻahaʻa kō i ke kō o kekahi mau lāʻau antidiabetes. Aia kekahi hopohopo e hiki i ke kō kō ke hāʻule haʻahaʻa loa. Inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi diabetes a hoʻohana i ka aila cod ate, e nānā pono i kāu pae kō kō.

Kānāwai

E akahele me kēia hui ʻana.

Nā lāʻau no ka maʻi kō (Antidiabetes lāʻau)

Hiki i ka hinu kō Cod ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae kō kō. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau diabetes e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kō kō. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila ate ate me nā lāʻau maʻi diabetes e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai kou kō kō. E nānā pono i kāu kō kō. Pono e hoʻololi i ka mahele lāʻau o kāu lāʻau diabetes.
ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka maʻi kō me glimepiride (Amaryl), glyburide (DiaBeta, Glynase PresTab, Micronase), insulin, metformin (Glucophage), pioglitazone (Actos), rosiglitazone (Avandia), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), glipizide (Glucotrol), tolbutamide Orinase), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Nā lāʻau no ke koko kiʻekiʻe (Antihypertensive lāʻau lapaʻau)

ʻO ke aila kōpaʻa ate e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ke kahe o ke koko. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila ate ate me nā lāʻau no ke koko kiʻekiʻe e hoʻohaʻahaʻa loa i kou kahe koko.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau no ke koko kiʻekiʻe me captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), losartan (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan), diltiazem (Cardizem), amlodipine (Norvasc), hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL), furosemide (Lasix), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui. .

Nā lāʻau i hoʻolohi i ke kō ʻana o ke koko (Anticoagulant / Antiplatelet drug)

Hiki i ka aila kō aʻa ke hoʻolohi i ke kō ʻana o ke koko. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila ate ate me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi ai i ka ʻōpala ʻana e hoʻonui ai i ka manawa o ka palapū a me ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau e lohi ai ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko me aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), diclofenac (Voltaren, Cataflam, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), dipyridamole (Persantine), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), naproxen (Anaprox, Naprosyn, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), dalteparin (Fragmin) , enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, ticlopidine (Ticlid), warfarin (Coumadin), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā lau nahele a me nā mea hoʻopili e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ke kahe o ke koko

Hiki i ka aila kō ake kuʻi ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kahe o ke koko. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohui i ke kaomi o ke kaomi e hoʻohaʻahaʻa nei i nā hopena o nā mea kanu a me nā mea hoʻopiha e hoʻoliʻiliʻi hoʻi i ke kahe o ke koko. ʻO nā mea kanu a me nā mea hoʻopihapiha ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kahe o ke koko e like me andrographis, casein peptides, claw o ka pōpoki, coenzyme Q10, L-arginine, lycium, ʻupena stinging, theanine, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā lau nahele a me nā mea hoʻopili e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ai i ke kō kō

Hiki i ka ʻaila kō Cod ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ke kō kō. Inā lawe ʻia me nā mea kanu a me nā mea hoʻopili ʻē aʻe e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ke kō kō, hiki i ke kō kō i haʻahaʻa loa i kekahi poʻe. ʻO kekahi mau mea kanu a me nā mea hoʻopihapiha e hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha i ke kō kō e komo i ka waikawa alpha-lipoic, melon ʻawaʻawa, chromium, māiʻuʻu diabolō, fenugreek, kālika, gum gum, chestnut lio, ginseng Panax, psyllium, ginseng Siberian, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā lau nahele a me nā mea hoʻopili e lohi ai i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko

Hiki i ka aila kō aʻa ke hoʻolohi i ke kō ʻana o ke koko. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka aila cod ate me nā mea kanu a me nā mea hoʻopihapiha e hōʻemi ai i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ke koko e hoʻonui i ka manawa o ka palu a me ke kahe ʻana i kekahi poʻe. ʻO kēia mau mea kanu me angelica, borage seed oil, clove, danshen, kālika, ginger, ginkgo, red clover, turmeric, willow, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā launa me nā meaʻai.

ʻO ka mahele kūpono o ka aila cod ate e pili ana i nā kumu like ʻole e like me ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻohana, olakino, a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. I kēia manawa ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻike ʻepekema e hoʻoholo ai i kahi kūpono o nā lāʻau no ka aila cod ate. E hoʻomanaʻo i ka pono ʻole o ka palekana i nā huahana kūlohelohe a hiki i nā dosages ke koʻikoʻi. E mālama pono i nā ʻōkuhi pili i nā lepili huahana a nīnau i kāu kauka lāʻau a i ʻole kauka a i ʻole ʻoihana olakino ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana. Aceite de Higado de Bacalao, Acides Gras Oméga 3, Acides Gras N-3, Acides Gras Polyinsaturés, Cod ʻAilana, ʻAila ʻAi iʻa, ʻAilana iʻa, Halibut Liver Oil, Huile de Foie, Huile de Foie de Flétan, Huile de Foie de Morue , Huile de Foie de Poisson, Huile de Morue, Huile de Poisson, Aila ʻAno, N-3 Fatty Acids, Omega 3, Oméga 3, Omega 3 Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids.

E aʻo hou aʻe ai pehea i kākau ʻia ai kēia ʻatikala, e ʻoluʻolu e ʻike i ka Nā Laʻau Laʻau Kūlohelohe Kūlohelohe ʻano hana.

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17. Brunborg LA, Madland TM, Lind RA, et al. Nā hopena o ka lawelawe waha waha pōkole o nā aila kai dietary i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻōpū a me ka ʻeha pū. Kahi noiʻi pilo e hoʻohālikelike ana i ka aila sila a me ka aila cod ate. ʻO Clin Nutr 2008; 27: 614-22. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
18. Jonasson F, Fisher DE, Eiriksdottir G, et al. ʻElima mau hanana, ka holomua, a me nā mea pilikia no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa macular e pili ana i ka makahiki: ka makahiki, ka gen / ka nohona susceptibility. Ophthalmology 2014; 121: 1766-72. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
19. Mai XM, Langhammer A, Chen Y, Camargo CA. ʻO ka lawe ʻana o ka ʻaila ate Cod a me nā hanana o ka hānō i nā mākua Norewai - ka noi HUNT Thorax 2013; 68: 25-30. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
20. Detopoulou P, Papamikos V. Gastrointestinal kahe ana ma hope o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka omega-3 fatty acid, cortisone a me antibiotic therapy: kahi hihia hihia. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2014; 24: 253-7. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
21. Ross AC, Taylor CL, Yaktine AL, Del Valle HB (eds). Nā ʻai kuhikuhi papaʻai no ka calcium a me ka wikamina D. Institute of Medicine, 2011. Loaʻa ma: www.nap.edu/catalog/13050/dieter-referensi-intakes-for-calcium-and-vitamin-d (kiʻi ʻia i ʻApelila 17, 2016) .
22. Ahmed AA, Holub BJ. ʻO ka hoʻololi a me ka hoʻōla hou ʻana o nā wā kahe, ka hōʻuluʻulu platelet a me ka waiʻona waikawa momona o kēlā me kēia phospholipids i nā platelets o nā kumuhana kanaka e loaʻa ana kahi waihona o ka aila cod-ate. Lipids 1984; 19: 617-24. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
23. Lorenz R, Spengler U, Fischer S, Duhm J, Weber PC.ʻO ka hana platelet, ka thromboxane hoʻokumu a me ke kaohi o ke kahe o ke koko i ka manawa o ka papa komohana me ka aila cod ate. Kaapuni 1983; 67: 504-11. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
24. Galarraga, B., Ho, M., Youssef, HM, Hill, A., McMahon, H., Hall, C., Ogston, S., Nuki, G., a me Belch, ʻo kaʻaila ate ate ʻo C Cod (n-3 nā waikawa momona) ma ke ʻano he lāʻau steroid-anti-inflammatory non-steroidal i loko o ka rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology. (Oxford) 2008; 47: 665-669. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
25. Raeder MB, Steen VM, Vollset SE, Bjelland I. Nā hui ma waena o ka cod hinu aila a me nā ʻōuli o ke kaumaha: ʻO ka Hordaland Health Study. ʻO J Affect Disord 2007; 101: 245-9. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
26. ʻO Farmer A, Montori V, Dinneen S, Clar C. ʻAila iʻa i ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻamau o 2. ʻO Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001; 3: CD003205. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
27. Linday LA, Dolitsky JN, Shindledecker RD, Pippenger ce. ʻO ka aila akepaʻa momona Lemon-flavored a me ka multivitamin-mineral supplement no ka pale kiʻekiʻe o ka otitis media i nā keiki ʻōpio: ka noiʻi pilote. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2002: 111: 642-52 .. Nānā i ka abstract.
28. Brox JH, Killie JE, Osterud B, et al. Nā hopena o ka aila cod ate ma nā platelet a me ka coagulation i ka hypercholesterolemia ʻohana (ʻano IIa). Acta Med Scand 1983; 213: 137-44 .. Nānā i ka abstract.
29. Landymore RW, MacAulay MA, Cooper JH, Sheridan BL. Nā hopena o ka aila cod-ate ma ka hyperplasia intimal i nā grafter vein i hoʻohana ʻia no ka bypass arterial. Hiki iā J Surg 1986; 29: 129-31 .. Nānā i ka abstract.
30. al-Meshal MA, Lutfi KM, Tariq M. ʻO Cod ate aila ke kāpae i ka indomethacin induced gastropathy me ka ʻole o ka bioavailability a me ka hana pharmacological. Life Sci 1991; 48: 1401-9 .. Nānā i ka abstract.
31. ʻO Hansen JB, ʻo Olsen JO, ʻo Wilsgard L, ʻo Osterud B. Nā hopena o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka papaʻai me ka aila cod ate ma ka synthesist thromboplastin monocyte, coagulation a me fibrinolysis. J Intern Med Suppl 1989; 225: 133-9 .. Nānā i ka abstract.
32. Aviram M, Brox J, Nordoy A. Nā hopena o ka plasma postprandial a me nā chylomicrons ma nā hunaola endothelial. Nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka huakō papaʻai a me ka aila cod cod. Acta Med Scand 1986; 219: 341-8 .. Nānā i ka abstract.
33. Sellmayer A, Witzgall H, Lorenz RL, Pūnaewele PC. Nā hopena o ka aila iʻa iʻa ma nā complexes premature ventricular. 'Am J Cardiol 1995; 76: 974-7. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
34. Papa Hoʻolālā Meaʻai a me Nutr, Institute of Medicine. Nā ʻai kuhikuhi papaʻai no ka Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, a me Zinc. Wakinekona, DC: National Academy Press, 2002. Loaʻa ma: www.nap.edu/books/0309072794/html/.
35. Sanders TA, Vickers M, Haines AP. Ka hopena ma nā lipids koko a me nā haemostasis o kahi waihona o ka aila cod-ate, waiwai i nā eicosapentainoic a me nā docosahexaenoic acid, i nā kāne ʻōpio olakino. ʻO Clin Sci (Colch) 1981; 61: 317-24. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
36. Brox JH, Killie JE, Gunnes S, Nordoy A. Ka hopena o ka aila cod ate a me ka ʻaila kulina ma nā platelet a me ka paia o ka moku i loko o ke kāne. ʻO Thromb Haemost 1981; 46: 604-11. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
37. Landymore RW, Kinley CE, Cooper JH, et al. ʻO ka aila Cod-ate i ka pale ʻana i ka hyperplasia intimal i nā grafter vein autogenous i hoʻohana ʻia no ka bypass arterial. ʻO J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1985; 89: 351-7. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
38. Landymore RW, MacAulay M, Sheridan B, Cameron C. Hoʻohālikelike o ka aila cod-ate a me ka aspirin-dipyridamole no ka pale ʻana i ka hyperplasia intimal i loko o nā autologous vein grafts. ʻO Ann Thorac Surg 1986; 41: 54-7. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
39. ʻO Henderson MJ, ʻo Jones RG. ʻAila aila Cod a i ʻole bust. Lancet 1987; 2: 274-5.
40. Anona ʻO ka laikini iʻa iʻa i laikini ʻia me ka aila cod-ate. Lancet 1987; 2: 453.
41. ʻO Jensen T, Stender S, Goldstein K, et al. Hoʻonohonoho hapa ʻia e ka diet cod-ate aila o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka microinic albumin leakage i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes-kaukaʻi a me ka albuminuria. N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 1572-7. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
42. ʻO Stammers T, Sibbald B, Freeling P. Ka pono o ka aila cod ate ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui i ka lāʻau lāʻau anti-inflammatory non-steroidal i ka mālama ʻana i ka osteoarthritis i ka hana maʻamau. Ann Rheum Dis 1992; 51: 128-9. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
43. Lombardo YB, Chicco A, DʻAlessandro ME, et al. ʻO kaʻaila iʻa iʻa maʻamau ka normalize i ka dislipidemia a me ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole o ka glucose me nā pae insulin i loli ʻole i nāʻiole i hānai ʻia i kahi papa sukamoka kiʻekiʻe. ʻO Biochim Biophys Acta 1996; 1299: 175-82. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
44. ʻO Dawson JK, ʻAbernethy VE, Graham DR, Lynch MP. ʻO kahi wahine i lawe i ka aila cod-ate a puhi. Lancet 1996; 347: 1804.
45. Veierod MB, Thelle DS, Laake P. Diet a me ka makaʻu o ka cutaneus malignant melanoma: kahi noiʻi prospective o 50,757 mau kāne a me nā wahine Norewai. Int J Kanesa 1997; 71: 600-4. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
46. Terkelsen LH, Eskild-Jensen A, Kjeldsen H, et al. Hoʻohana kumuhana o ka hamo aila cod ate e hoʻōla i ka hōʻeha ʻana i kahi ʻeha: kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i nā ʻeha i nā pepeiao o nāʻiole lauoho ʻole. Hana hou ʻo Scand J Plast Surg Hand Surg 2000; 34: 15-20. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
47. ʻO FDA. Ke kikowaena no ka palekana o ka meaʻai a me ka meaʻai pono. ʻO ka leka e pili ana i ka hoʻopiʻi olakino olakino no ka omega-3 fatty acid a me nā maʻi puʻuwau coronary. Loaʻa ma: http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dockets/95s0316/95s-0316-Rpt0272-38-Appendix-D-Referensi-F-FDA-vol205.pdf. (Loaʻa iā Pepeluali 7, 2017).
48. Shimizu H, Ohtani K, Tanaka Y, et al. ʻO ka hopena lōʻihi o ka eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl (EPA-E) ma albuminuria o nā maʻi diabetic non-insulin dependant. ʻO Diabetes Res Clin Practice 1995; 28: 35-40. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
49. Toft I, Bonaa KH, Ingebretsen OC, et al. Nā hopena o n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ma ka glucose homeostasis a me ke kahe o ke koko i ka hypertension nui. ʻO kahi hoʻokolokolo i hoʻokolohua ʻole ʻia. Ann Intern Med 1995; 123: 911-8. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
50. Prisco D, Paniccia R, Bandinelli B, et al. Ka hopena o ka hoʻopili manawa waena me kahi mahele kaulike o n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ma ke kaomi koko i nā mea maʻi hypertensive māmā. ʻO Thromb Res 1998; 1: 105-12. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.
51. Gibson RA. ʻO nā kaula momona polyunsaturated lōʻihi lōʻihi a me ka hoʻomohala pēpē (hoʻoponopono). Lancet 1999; 354: 1919.
52. ʻO Lucas A, Stafford M, Morley R, et al. Ka maikaʻi a me ka palekana o ka lōʻihi-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation of pēpē-formula waiū: kahi hoʻāʻo ʻana. Lancet 1999; 354: 1948-54. Nānā kiʻi ʻole.

Nānā hope - 02/12/2021