Myelodysplastic maʻi maʻi

ʻO Myelodysplastic Syndrome kahi hui o nā maʻi ke hana ʻole nā ​​hunaola i hana ʻia i ka iwi iwi i loko o nā hunaola olakino. Haʻalele kēia iā ʻoe me nā liʻiliʻi o nā hunaola olakino olakino i kou kino. ʻAʻole e holo pono nā pūnaewele koko i oʻo.

ʻO Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) kahi ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ma kahi o ka hapakolu o ka poʻe, hiki i ka MDS ke lilo i leukemia myeloid koʻikoʻi.

ʻO nā hunaola i loko o ka iwi iwi nā ʻano like ʻole o ke koko. Me MDS, ua hōʻino ʻia ka DNA i loko o nā koʻokoʻo koʻokoʻo. Ma muli o ka hōʻino ʻia o ka DNA, ʻaʻole hiki i nā hunaola ke hana i nā hunaola olakino maikaʻi.

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ke kumu kūpono o MDS. No ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻohe kumu i ʻike ʻia.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia no MDS me:

• Nā maʻi genetical
• Hōʻike i nā kemika o ke kaiapuni a ʻoihana paha, nā mea hoʻomomona, nā pesticides, solvents, a i ʻole nā ​​metala kaumaha
• Puhipaka

Hoʻonui ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i mua o ka MDS. Kāhea ʻia kēia MDS pili ʻelua a i ʻole lapaʻau.

• Hoʻonui kekahi mau lāʻau chemotherapy i ka manawa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana iā MDS. ʻO kēia kahi pilikia nui.
• ʻO ka radiation radiation, ke hoʻohana ʻia me chemotherapy, e hoʻonui i ka makaʻu no MDS ʻoi aku.
• Hiki i ka poʻe i loaʻa i nā transplants cell ke hoʻoulu i MDS no ka mea loaʻa iā lākou nā kaona kiʻekiʻe o ka chemotherapy.

Kū pinepine ʻo MDS i nā mākua o 60 mau makahiki a ʻoi. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau i nā kāne.

ʻAʻole hōʻike pinepine ka MDS pae. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ʻo MDS i nā hoʻokolohua koko ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka poʻe me ke koko haʻahaʻa loa e ʻike pinepine i nā ʻōuli. Pili nā ʻōuli i ke ʻano o ke aʻa koko i loli ʻia, a pili pū lākou:

• Ka nāwaliwali a luhi paha ma muli o ka anemia
• Pokole o ka hanu
• Māʻeha a me ka hoʻokahe koko
• Nā kiko kiko ʻulaʻula a poni paha ma lalo o ka ʻili i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe
• ʻO nā maʻi pinepine a me ke kuni

Loaʻa ka lawa ʻole o nā keʻa koko i ka poʻe me MDS. Hiki i ka MDS ke hōʻemi i ka helu o hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:

• Nā hunaola ʻulaʻula
• Nā huna koko keʻokeʻo
• Pāluna

Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā kinona o kēia mau hunaola. E hana ana kāu kauka lawelawe i ka helu piha o ke koko a me ka hamo ʻana o ke koko e ʻike i ke ʻano o nā huna koko i hoʻopili ʻia.

Nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hana ʻia ai paha:

• ʻIʻini iwi a me ka biopsy.
• Hoʻohana ʻia ka Cytochemistry, ka cytometry kahe, ka immunocytochemistry, a me nā hoʻokolohua immunophenotyping e ʻike a hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻano kikoʻī o MDS.
• Hoʻohana ʻia nā Cytogenetics a me ka fluorescent ma ka situ hybridization (FISH) no ka loiloi genetical. Hiki i ka hoʻokolohua Cytogenetic ke ʻike i nā translocations a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo FISH e ʻike i nā loli kikoʻī i loko o nā chromosome. Hiki ke kōkua i nā ʻano genetic e hoʻoholo i ka pane i ka lāʻau.

E kōkua kekahi o kēia mau hoʻāʻo i kāu mea hoʻolako e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o MDS iā ʻoe. E kōkua kēia i kāu mea hoʻolako e hoʻolālā i kāu lāʻau.

Hoʻomaopopo paha kāu mea hāʻawi i kāu MDS ma ke ʻano he kūlana kiʻekiʻe, pōkā waena, a i ʻole hoʻoweliweli haʻahaʻa ma ke kumu o:

• ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ka hemahema o nā huna koko i kou kino
• Nā ʻano o nā hoʻololi i kāu DNA
• ʻO ka helu o nā keʻo keʻokeʻo oʻo ʻole i loko o kou iwi iwi

ʻOiai aia ka pilikia o MDS e ulu nei i AML, koi ʻia ka ukali maʻamau me kāu mea hāʻawi.

E pili ana kāu mālama ʻana i nā kumu he nui:

• Inā paha he kūlana haʻahaʻa a makaʻu nui paha ʻoe
• Ke ʻano o MDS iā ʻoe
• ʻO kou mau makahiki, olakino, a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe āu e loaʻa ai, e like me ka maʻi kō a me nā maʻi puʻuwai

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana iā MDS ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia ma muli o ka hemahema o nā hunaola koko, nā maʻi a me ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe. Loaʻa iā ia o:

• Hoʻohuli koko
• Nā lāʻau i hāpai i ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola koko
• Nā lāʻau e kāohi i ka ʻōnaehana pale
• ʻO ka chemotherapy haʻahaʻa e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kaola o ke koko
• ʻO ke kanu ʻana o ka paʻa o ke aʻa

E hoʻāʻo paha kāu mea hāʻawi i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha mau lāʻau e ʻike ai i ka pane a kāu MDS.

E hilinaʻi ka maka i kāu ʻano MDS a me ke koʻikoʻi o nā ʻōuli. Hiki paha i kou olakino olakino ke hoʻopili i kou manawa o ke ola. Nui nā poʻe i MDS kūpaʻa ʻole e holomua i ka maʻi ʻaʻai no nā makahiki, inā he manawa.

Hiki i kekahi poʻe me MDS ke hoʻomohala i ka leukemia myeloid koʻikoʻi (AML).

ʻO nā pilikia MDS pū kekahi:

• Kahena
• ʻO nā maʻi e like me ka pulumonia, nā maʻi gastrointestinal, nā maʻi urinary
• Leukemia myeloid huikau

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā ʻoe:

• Manaʻo nāwaliwali a luhi hoʻi i ka hapa nui o ka manawa
• E palapū a hoʻokahe ke koko paha, e kahe ana ke kaomi o nā gum a i ʻole nā ​​ihu ihu pinepine
• ʻIke ʻoe i nā ʻulaʻula a poni paha o ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe ma lalo o ka ʻili

Myeloid hōʻino; Myelodysplastic maʻi pale; MDS; Preleukemia; Leukemia hoʻāhu; Anemia anuanu; ʻO Cytopenia Refractory

• ʻIʻini iwi iwi

ʻO Hasserjian RP, poʻo DR. Nā syndrome Myelodysplastic. I: Jaffe ES, Arber DA, Campo E, Harris NL, Quintanilla-Martinez L, huaʻi. Hematopathology. ʻElua ed. Philadelphia PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 45.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. Myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasms lapaʻau (PDQ) - ʻano loea ʻoihana olakino. www.cancer.gov/types/myeloproliferative/hp/mds-mpd-treatment-pdq. Hoʻohou i Pepeluali 1, 2019. Loaʻa iā Kēkēmapa 17, 2019.

ʻO Steensma DP, Pōhaku RM. Nā syndrome Myelodysplastic. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 172.