Non-Hodgkin lymphoma i nā keiki

ʻO ka non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ke aʻa lymph. Loaʻa nā mea Lymph i nā lymph node, spleen, tonsils, iwi pū, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka ʻōnaehana pale. Pale ka ʻōnaehana pale iā mākou i nā maʻi a me nā maʻi.

ʻO kēia ʻatikala e pili ana iā NHL i nā keiki.

Kū pinepine ʻo NHL i nā mākua. Akā loaʻa i nā keiki kekahi ʻano o ka NHL. Kū pinepine ʻo NHL i nā keikikāne. ʻAʻole maʻamau ia i nā keiki ma mua o 3 mau makahiki.

ʻAʻole maopopo ke kumu kūpono o ka NHL i nā keiki. Akā, pili ka ulu ʻana o nā lymphomas i nā keiki me:

• Ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa i hala (radiation radiation, chemotherapy)
• ʻO kahi ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali mai kahi transplant organ
• ʻO ka maʻi Epstein-Barr, ka maʻi hoʻomaʻamaʻa e kumu ai ka mononucleosis
• ʻO ka maʻi HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)

Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano NHL. Hoʻokahi ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana (hoʻonohonoho ʻana) e ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ke papa haʻahaʻa (lohi i ka ulu ʻana), pae waena, a i ʻole papa kiʻekiʻe (e ulu wikiwiki ana).

Hoʻohui hou ʻia ʻo NHL e:

• Pehea ke ʻano o nā hunaola ma lalo o ka microscope
• He aha ke ʻano o ke kiko keʻokeʻo ke kumu mai ia
• Inā paha aia kekahi mau loli DNA i nā hunaola tumo iā lākou iho

Pili nā ʻōuli i ka ʻāpana o ke kino e hoʻopili ʻia e ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli:

• Pehu nā lymph node i ka ʻāʻī, underarm, ʻōpū, a me ke aʻa
• ʻO ka pehu ʻole a puʻupuʻu ʻole paha i ka testicle
• ʻO ka pehu ʻana o ke poʻo, ka ʻāʻī, nā lima a i ʻole ke kino kiʻekiʻe
• Pilikia i ka ale ʻana
• Hī pilikia
• ʻUhihi
• Mū kūmau
• ʻO ka pehu i loko o ka ʻōpū
• Hoʻoulu ka pō
• Kaumaha emi
• Ka luhi
• Ke kuni kuhi ʻole

E lawe ka mea mālama ola i ka mōʻaukala olakino o kāu keiki. E hana ana ka mea hāʻawi i kahi hoʻokolohua kino e nānā no nā wahi lymph pehu.

Hiki i ka mea hāʻawi ke hana i kēia mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ke manaʻo ʻia ʻo NHL:

• Nā hoʻāʻo kemika koko e like me nā pae protein, nā hoʻokolohua hana ate, nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka hakuʻala, a me ka pae uric acid
• Helu piha koko (CBC)
• ESR ("sed rate")
• ʻO ka x-ray umauma, e hōʻike pinepine nei i nā hōʻailona o ka nuipa i ka wahi ma waena o nā akemāmā

ʻO kahi biopsy lymph node e hōʻoia i ka hōʻoia no NHL.

Inā hōʻike kahi biopsy he NHL kāu keiki, e hana hou ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike ai i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Kāhea ʻia kēia. Kōkua ke kau ʻana i ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka mālama e hiki mai ana a me ka ukali.

• CT scan o ka umauma, ʻōpū a me ka pelvis
• Biopsy iwi ʻōiwi
• Scanner PET

ʻO ka Immunophenotyping kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ai e ʻike i nā hunaola, e pili ana i nā ʻano antigens a i ʻole nā ​​māka ma ka ʻili o ka pūnaewele. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia hoʻokolohua e kuhikuhi i ke ʻano kikoʻī o ka lymphoma ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i nā hunaola maʻamau o ka ʻōnaehana pale.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho e ʻimi i ka mālama ma kahi kikowaena maʻi ʻaʻai o nā keiki.

E pili ka mālama ʻana i:

• Ke ʻano o ka NHL (nui nā ʻano o ka NHL)
• Ke kahua (kahi i laha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai)
• ʻO ka makahiki o kāu keiki a me ke olakino holoʻokoʻa
• ʻO nā ʻōuli a kāu keiki, e like me ka pohō kaumaha, ke kuni, a me ka hou o ka pō

ʻO Chemotherapy ka pinepine o ka lapaʻau mua:

• Pono paha kāu keiki e noho ma ka haukapila i ka mua. Akā hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka hapa nui o ka lapaʻau no NHL i kahi keʻena maʻi, a noho nō kāu keiki ma ka home.
• Hāʻawi nui ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy i loko o nā veins (IV), akā hāʻawi ʻia kahi chemotherapy e ka waha.

Hiki i kāu keiki ke loaʻa i ka radiation radiation me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kukuna x kiʻekiʻe loa ma nā wahi i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hiki i nā mālama ʻē aʻe ke:

• Hoʻopaʻa kaulike e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻino e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.
• Hiki ke ukali ʻia ka chemotherapy kiʻekiʻe e ka transplant cell stem (e hoʻohana ana i nā hunaola o kāu keiki ponoʻī).
• ʻAʻole maʻamau ka ʻoki kino e wehe ai i kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai, akā pono paha i kekahi mau hihia.

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi keiki me ka maʻi ʻaʻai kekahi mea paʻakikī loa āu e hana ai ma ke ʻano he makua. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka wehewehe ʻana i ke ʻano o ka loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kāu keiki. Pono ʻoe e aʻo pehea e loaʻa ai ke kōkua a me ke kākoʻo i hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale maʻalahi.

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi keiki me ka maʻi ʻaʻai hiki ke kaumaha. ʻO ka hui ʻana i kahi hui kākoʻo kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ai nā mākua a ʻohana paha i nā ʻike maʻamau i hiki ke hōʻoluʻolu i kou kaumaha.

• Leukemia a me Lymphoma Society - www.lls.org
• ʻO ka National Children's Cancer Society - www.thenccs.org/how-we-help/

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻano NHL hiki ke hoʻōla. ʻOiai ʻo nā pae hope loa o ka NHL hiki ke mālama ʻia i nā keiki.

Pono kāu keiki e loaʻa i nā hōʻike maʻamau a me nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi ʻana no nā makahiki ma hope o ka mālama ʻana e hoʻi ʻole ai ka tumo.

ʻOiai paha e hoʻi ka tumo, aia ka manawa kūpono loa e ola ai.

E kōkua pū ka ukali mau ʻana i ka hui mālama ola e nānā no nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻi ana a no nā hopena mālama wā lōʻihi.

Loaʻa paha nā pilikia i nā mālama ʻana no NHL. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hopena o ka chemotherapy a i ʻole ka radiation therapy ma hope o ka mālama ʻana. Kapa ʻia kēia mau mea ʻo "hopena hopena." He mea nui e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā hopena lapaʻau me kāu hui mālama ola. ʻO ka mea e manaʻo ai e pili ana i nā hopena hopena e pili ana i nā hana maʻamau i loaʻa i kāu keiki. Pono e kaulike ʻia ka hopohopo o nā hopena hopena e ka pono e mālama a hoʻōla i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Kāhea i ka hāʻawi o kāu keiki inā loaʻa kāu keiki i nā pehu lymph pehu me ka wela ʻole i wehewehe ʻole ʻia e hele ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o NHL.

Inā loaʻa iā NHL kāu keiki, e kāhea i ka mea hāʻawi inā he kuni hoʻomau ʻole kāu keiki a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ʻino o ka maʻi.

Lymphoma - non-Hodgkin - keiki; Lymphoblastic lymphoma - keiki; Burkitt lymphoma - keiki; ʻO nā lymphomas nui nui - nā keiki, maʻi ʻaʻai - non-Hodgkin lymphoma - keiki; Hoʻolahalaha i ka lymphoma B-cell nui - nā keiki; ʻO ka lymphoma pūnaewele B makua - nā keiki; ʻO ka lymphoma pūnana nui Anaplastic

Pūnaewele ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ʻAmelika. He aha ka lymphoma Non-Hodgkin i nā keiki? www.cancer.org/cancer/childhood-non-hodgkin-lymphoma/about/non-hodgkin-lymphomain- keiki.html. Hoʻohou i ʻAukake 1, 2017. Loaʻa iā ʻOkakopa 7, 2020.

Hochberg J, Goldman SC, Cairo MS. Lymphoma. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 523.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka lymphoma non-Hodgkin Childhood (PDQ) - mana ʻoihana olakino. www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/hp/child-nhl-treatment-pdq. Hoʻohou i Pepeluali 12, 2021. Loaʻa iā Pepeluali 23, 2021.