Kani ka hanu

ʻO nā kani hanu nā leo i hana ʻia e nā hanana o nā māmā i ka hanu ʻana.

Lohe maikaʻi nā kani o ka māmā me kahi stethoscope. Kapa ʻia kēia auscultation.

Kū nā kani māmā maʻamau i nā ʻāpana āpau o ka umauma, e like me ma luna o nā iwi iwi a ma ka lalo o ka iwi ʻaoʻao.

Ke hoʻohana nei i kahi stethoscope, lohe paha ke kauka i nā kani hanu maʻamau, hoʻemi a me ke kani ʻole ʻana o nā hanu, a me nā kani hanu maʻamau.

Hiki ke ʻano o ke kani ʻole a hoʻemi ʻia paha:

• Ka ea a i ʻole wai i loko a puni paha o nā akemāmā (e like me ka niumonia, puʻuwai puʻuwai, a me ka pleural effusion)
• Hoʻonui i ka mānoanoa o ka paia umauma
• Over-inflation o kekahi ʻāpana o nā ake māmā (hiki i ka empysema ke kumu o kēia)
• Hoʻoemi i ke kahe ea i kahi ʻāpana o nā akemāmā

Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano hanu ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka 4 maʻamau ka:

• Rales. Ke kani iki ʻana, ka huʻihuʻu ʻana, a i ʻole nā ​​kani kani ʻana i nā akemāmā. Lohe ʻia lākou ke hanu ke kanaka (inhale). Kūpono ʻia lākou i ka wā e wehe ai ka ʻea i nā wahi lewa paʻa. Hiki ke wehewehe hou ʻia ʻo Rales ma ke ʻano he mākū, maloʻo, maikaʻi, a welu paha.
• Rhonchi. Kani e like me ka hū ʻana. Kū lākou i ka wā i pale ʻia ai ka ea a i ʻole lilo ka ea i loko o nā alaloa nui.
• Stridor. Lohe ke kani Wheeze-like ke hanu ke kanaka. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ma muli o ka paʻa o ke kahe o ka ea i ka pehu (trachea) a i ʻole ma ka hope o ka ʻāʻī.
• ʻUhihi. Nā kani kani kiʻekiʻe i hana ʻia e nā ala kuiki. Hiki ke lohe ʻia ke kani ʻana a me nā leo ʻē aʻe me ka stethoscope.

Nā kumu o ke kani ʻole ʻana o ka hanu e komo pū paha:

• Bronchitis huehue
• Asthma
• ʻO Bronchiectasis
• Bronchitis maʻi
• Hoka puʻuwai Congestive
• Emphysema
• Maʻi maʻi Interstitial
• ʻO ke ālai kino o nā haole
• Pulumonia
• Edema pulmonary
• ʻO Tracheobronchitis

E ʻimi koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā loaʻa iā ʻoe:

• Cyanosis (bluish discoloration o ka ʻili)
• Nasal ahi
• Pilikia loa i ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o ka hanu

E kāhea aku i kāu lawelawe mālama ola inā loaʻa kāu wheezing a i ʻole nā ​​kani hanu ʻē aʻe.

E hana ana kāu mea hāʻawi i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a nīnau iā ʻoe i nā nīnau e pili ana i kāu mōʻaukala a me kou hanu ʻana.

Hiki i nā nīnau ke komo pū me:

• I ka manawa hea i hoʻomaka ai ka hanu?
• Pehea kona lōʻihi?
• Pehea ʻoe e wehewehe ai i kou hanu?
• He aha ka mea e maikaʻi ai a maikaʻi ʻole paha?
• He aha nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe āu?

ʻIke ka mea hāʻawi i nā hanu maʻamau i ka hapanui o nā hihia. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike iā lākou.

E hana ʻia paha kēia mau hoʻāʻo:

• ʻIkepili o kahi hāpana sputum (moʻomeheu sputum, stutum Gram stain)
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko (me kahi kinoea koko arterial)
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• CT scan o ka umauma
• Nā hoʻāʻo hana pulmonary
• Pulse oximetry

Kani ke kani; Kani kani hanu

• Lungs
• Kani ka hanu

ʻO Ball JW, Nā maʻi JE, Flynn JA, Solomon BS, Stewart RW. Pāhū a me nā māmā. I: Ball JW, Dains JE, Flynn JA, Solomon BS, Stewart RW, hua. Ke alakaʻi a Siedel i ka hoʻokolohua kino. 9th ed. Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2019: chap 14.

ʻO Kraft M. Ke hoʻokokoke aku i ka mea maʻi me ka maʻi hanu. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 25th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 83.