Maʻi ʻaʻai Parathyroid

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai Parathyroid kahi ulu maʻi ʻaʻai (malignant) i kahi gland parathyroid.

Hoʻopili nā palahalaha parathyroid i ka pae calcium i loko o ke kino. Aia he 4 glands parathyroid, 2 ma luna o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ka gland thyroid, aia ma ke kumu o ka ʻāʻī.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai Parathyroid kahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai nui loa. Hoʻopili like ia i nā kāne a me nā wahine. Kū pinepine ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka poʻe ma mua o 30.

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ke kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai parathyroid. ʻO ka poʻe me nā kūlana genetical i kāhea ʻia he endocrine neoplasia type I a me hyperparathyroidism-jaw tum Syndrome ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka pilikia no kēia maʻi. ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa ka pā poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī paha i ka nui o ka makaʻu. Akā ʻo kēia ʻano pāhawewe ke kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid.

Hoʻokumu nui ʻia nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai parathyroid e kahi pae kiʻekiʻe o ka puna i loko o ke koko (hypercalcemia), a hiki paha ke hoʻololi i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino.

ʻO nā hōʻailona me:

• ʻEha iwi
• Konipōpō
• Ka luhi
• Nā haki
• Make wai pinepine
• Urination pinepine
• Pohaku hakuʻala
• Nāwaliwali ka ʻiʻo
• ʻO Nusea a me ka luaʻi
• Makemake maikaʻi ʻole

He paʻakikī loa ka maʻi ʻaʻai Parathyroid.

E hana ana kāu kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a nīnau e pili ana i kāu moʻolelo olakino.

Ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka manawa, loaʻa kahi mea hāʻawi i ka maʻi ʻaʻai parathyroid e ka manaʻo ʻana i ka ʻāʻī me nā lima (palpation).

Mālama kahi tumika parathyroid cancerous i kahi kiʻekiʻe loa o ka hormone parathyroid (PTH). Hoʻokomo ʻia paha nā hoʻāʻo no kēia hōmona:

• Pāpā kō
• Koko PTH

Ma mua o ke kāpili ʻana, loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi scan radioactive kūikawā o nā gland parathyroid. Kapa ʻia ka scanner ʻo ia ka scan ʻo sestamibi. Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi ultrasound ʻāʻī. Hana ʻia kēia mau ho'āʻo e hōʻoia i ka gland parathyroid i kūpono ʻole.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano lapaʻau aʻe e hoʻoponopono ai i ka hypercalcemia ma muli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai parathyroid:

• Nā loli ma o ke aa (IV fluids)
• ʻO kahi hormona kūlohelohe i kapa ʻia ʻo calcitonin e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka pae calcium
• Nā lāʻau e hōʻoki ana i ka haki a me ka hou hou ʻana o nā iwi i loko o ke kino

ʻO ke ʻoki lāʻau ka lāʻau i koi ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai parathyroid. I kekahi manawa, paʻakikī e ʻike inā he maʻi ʻaʻai ka maʻi tumo parathyroid. Hiki i kāu kauka ke koi aku i ke kahakaha me ka ʻole o ka hōʻoia hōʻoia. ʻO ke kīʻaha hōʻemi iki, e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻoki liʻiliʻi, e lilo i mea maʻamau no ka maʻi parathyroid.

Inā hiki i nā hoʻokolohua ma mua o ke ʻoki ke loaʻa i ka gland i hoʻopilikia ʻia, hana ʻia paha ke kaha ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāʻī. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike i ka gland pilikia ma mua o ke kaha ʻana, e nānā ka kaukukō ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o kou ʻāʻī.

ʻAʻole hana maikaʻi ʻo Chemotherapy a me radiation e pale ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai hoʻi mai. Hiki i ka uila ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā iwi.

ʻO nā hana hou ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻi mai e kōkua.

• Hoʻonui i ka helu ola
• E hoʻemi i nā hopena koʻikoʻi o hypercalcemia

Lōʻihi ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai Parathyroid. Hiki i ke ʻoki kino ke kōkua i ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i ke ola i ka wā e pāhola ana ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

E pāhola paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai (metastasize) i nā wahi ʻē aʻe i ke kino, ʻo ka hū pinepine a me nā iwi.

ʻO Hypercalcemia ka pilikia koʻikoʻi loa. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā make mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai parathyroid e kū ma muli o ka hypercalcemia paʻakikī, paʻakikī e kaohi, ʻaʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai ponoʻī.

Hoʻi pinepine ka maʻi ʻaʻai (recurs). Pono paha nā ʻōkuhi hou. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā pilikia mai ke ʻoki ʻana:

• Hoʻololi ka hoʻonaninani a leo paha ma muli o ka hōʻino ʻia o ke aʻalolo e mālama ana i nā kaula leo
• ʻO ka maʻi ma ke kahua o ke kaha
• ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka calcium i loko o ke koko (hypocalcemia), kahi kūlana hoʻoweliweli ola
• Scarring

Kāhea i kāu mea mālama ola inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi puʻupuʻu i kou ʻāʻī a i ʻole ʻike i nā hōʻailona o hypercalcemia.

ʻO ka carcinoma Parathyroid

• Nūʻau parathyroid

ʻO Asban A, Patel AJ, Reddy S, Wang T, Balentine CJ, Chen H. Cancer o ka ʻōnaehana endocrine. I: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. ʻO Oncology Clinical ʻo Abboff. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 68.

ʻO Fletcher CDM. Nā tumors o ka thyroid a me ka parathyroid glands. I: Fletcher CDM, hoʻoponopono. Diagnostic Histopathology o nā Tumors. 5th lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 18.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Parathyroid (PDQ) - mana ʻoihana olakino. www.cancer.gov/types/parathyroid/hp/parathyroid-treatment-pdq. Hoʻohou i Malaki 17, 2017. Loaʻa iā Pepeluali 11, 2020.

ʻO Torresan F a me J Iacobone M. Nā hiʻohiʻona olakino, mālama a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hyperparathyroidism-jaw tum Syndrome: He mea hou a me ka loiloi o nā puke. Int J Endocrinol 2019. Paʻi ʻia ma ka pūnaewele Dec 18, 2019. www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2019/1761030/.