Hoʻololi ʻelemakule i ka ʻili

ʻO nā hoʻololi ʻelemakule i ka ʻili kahi hui o nā kūlana maʻamau a me nā hanana i kū i ka ulu ʻana o ka poʻe.

ʻO nā hoʻololi o ka ʻili i waena o nā hōʻailona ʻike ʻia o ka ʻelemakule. ʻO nā hōʻike e hoʻonui nei i nā makahiki e pili ana i nā ʻululā a me ka ʻili hali. ʻO ke keʻokeʻo a hina hina o ka lauoho kekahi hōʻailona maopopo o ka ʻelemakule.

Hana nui kou ʻili i nā mea he nui. ʻO:

• Loaʻa i nā mea loaʻa nā aʻalolo e ʻae iā ʻoe e hoʻopā, ʻeha, a me ke kaomi
• Kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaupaona a me ke kaulike electrolyte
• Kōkua i ke kaohi i kou wela o ke kino
• Pale aku iā ʻoe mai ke kaiapuni

ʻOiai he nui nā papa o ka ʻili, hiki ke mahele ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana nui:

• ʻO ka ʻaoʻao i waho (epidermis) nā ʻili o ka ʻili, nā pigment, a me nā protein.
• ʻO ka ʻāpana waena (dermis) nā ʻili o ka ʻili, nā kīʻaha koko, nā aʻalolo, nā follicle o ka lauoho, a me nā aila aila. Hāʻawi nā dermis i nā meaʻai i ka epidermis.
• ʻO ka papa o loko ma lalo o nā dermis (ka papa subcutaneus) loaʻa nā glandes sweat, kekahi follicle lauoho, nā kīʻaha koko, a me nā momona.

Aia pū kēlā me kēia papa i nā pūnaewele hoʻopili me nā olonā collagen e hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo a me nā olonā elastin e hāʻawi i ka maʻalahi a me ka ikaika.

Pili nā loli o ka ʻili i nā kumu o ke kaiapuni, nā hanauna genetics, nā meaʻai, a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka mea nui hoʻokahi wale nō, ʻo ka puka ʻana o ka lā. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā wahi o kou kino i loaʻa mau ka lā me nā wahi i pale ʻia mai ka lā o ka lā.

ʻO nā pigment kūlohelohe ke hāʻawi aku i kahi pale no ka hōʻino ʻia o ka ʻili i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka lā. Hōʻike nā maka polū, ʻili maikaʻi i ka hoʻololi o ka ʻelemakule ma mua o ka poʻe me ka ʻili ʻeleʻele, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻili pigment.

NA OLELO HOLOHOLOLE

Me ka ʻelemakule, ka ʻili o ka ʻili i waho (epidermis), ʻoiai ʻo ka nui o nā papa o ka pūnaewele ke hoʻololi ʻole.

Hoʻemi ka helu o nā hunaola i loaʻa nā pigment (melanocytes). Hoʻonui ka melanosit i koe i ka nui. ʻOi aku ka lahilahi o ka ʻili o ka ʻelemakule, paler, a me ka mōakāka (translucent). Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā kiko pigmented me nā kiko o nā makahiki a i ʻole nā ​​"kiko o ke ake" i nā wahi i hōʻike ʻia e ka lā. ʻO ka wā lapaʻau no kēia mau wahi he lentigos.

Hoʻololi nā hoʻololi i nā mea hoʻopili i ka ikaika a me ka paʻa o ka ʻili. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻo elastosis. Hoʻomaopopo hou ʻia ia i nā wahi i hōʻike ʻia e ka lā (elastosis o ka lā). Hana ka Elastosis i ka ʻili, kuʻi ʻia i ka wā i maʻamau i nā mahiʻai, luina, a me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e hoʻolilo i ka manawa ma waho nui.

E palupalu nā kīʻaha koko o nā dermis. ʻO kēia ke alakaʻi i ka palapū, kahe ʻana o ke kahe ma lalo o ka ʻili (i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo senile purpura), cherry angiomas, a me nā ʻano like.

Hoʻonui ka liʻiliʻi o nā aila sebaceous i kou mau makahiki. ʻIke nā kāne i kahi hoʻemi liʻiliʻi, pinepine pinepine ma hope o ka makahiki 80. Hoʻonui mālie nā wahine i ka aila e hoʻomaka ana ma hope o ka menopause. Hiki i kēia ke hana i mea paʻakikī e mālama i ka ʻili i ka wai, e hopena i ka maloʻo a me ka ʻili.

ʻO ka lahilahi momona subcutaneous momona a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻonani a me ka pale. Hoʻonui kēia i kou makaʻu i ka ʻeha o ka ʻili a hoʻemi i kou hiki ke mālama i ka mahana o ke kino. Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o kou hoʻoneʻe kūlohelohe, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa hypothermia i ke anuanu.

Hoʻopomo ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau e ka papa momona. Hiki i ka Shrinkage o kēia papa ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kēia mau lāʻau.

ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hou i nā glands. Hana kēia i mea paʻakikī e mālama i ke anuanu. Hoʻonui ʻia kou makaʻu no ka hoʻomehana wela a hoʻomohala ʻana i ka wela wela.

ʻO nā ulu e like me nā ʻili ʻili, warts, nā pākaʻi ʻeleʻele brown (keratoses seborrheic), a me nā kīnā ʻē aʻe i ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka poʻe kahiko. ʻO ka maʻamau nō hoʻi nā pākuʻi ʻeleʻele pinkish (actinic keratosis) i loaʻa kahi manawa liʻiliʻi e lilo i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili.

Ka hopena o nā hoʻololi

I kou mau makahiki, ua nui ka makaʻu no ka ʻeha o ka ʻili. ʻOi aku ka lahilahi o kou ʻili, ʻoi aku ka palupalu, a nalowale ʻoe i kekahi o nā momona momona pale. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka hoʻopā, kaomi, ka haʻalulu, ka wela, a me ke anuanu.

Hiki i ka ʻānai ʻana a huki ʻana paha i ka ʻili ke hana i nā waimaka ʻili. Hiki i nā kīʻaha koko maʻalahi ke haki maʻalahi. ʻO nā Bruises, nā hōʻiliʻili pālahalaha o ke koko (purpura), a me nā hōʻiliʻili o ke koko (hematomas) e hana ma hope o kahi hōʻeha liʻiliʻi.

Hiki ke kumu ʻia nā maʻi puʻupuʻu e nā loli o ka ʻili, ka nalo ʻana o ka momona, hoʻemi i ka hana, nā meaʻai maikaʻi ʻole, a me nā maʻi. ʻIke maʻalahi nā ʻeha ma ka ʻaoʻao o waho o nā forearms, akā hiki iā lākou ke hana ma nā wahi āpau o ke kino.

ʻOi aku ka lohi o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka ʻili iā ia iho ma mua o ka ʻili ʻōpio. ʻO ka hoʻōla hōʻeha a i ʻehā mau manawa lohi paha. Hāʻawi kēia i nā kahe ʻeha a me nā maʻi. ʻO ka maʻi diabetes, loli ke kīʻaha koko, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka pale, a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe e hoʻopili i ka hoʻōla.

NA PILIKIA MAU

ʻO ka maʻi o ka ʻili ka mea maʻamau i waena o ka poʻe kahiko he paʻakikī pinepine e haʻi i nā loli maʻamau mai nā mea e pili ana i kahi maʻi. Ma mua o 90% o nā poʻe ʻelemakule a pau ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻili.

Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia nā maʻi ʻili e nā ʻano he nui, e like me:

• Nā maʻi o nā kīʻaha koko, e like me arteriosclerosis
• Diabetes
• Maʻi maʻi puʻuwai
• Maʻi maʻi ate
• Nā hemahema ʻaiaola
• Ka momona
• Nā hopena i nā lāʻau
• Kaumaha

Hoʻololi nā kumu ʻē aʻe i ka ʻili:

• Nā mea āpau i nā mea kanu a me nā mea ʻē aʻe
• Ke aniau
• Nā lole
• Hōʻike i nā kemika ʻoihana a me nā home
• Hoʻomehana i loko

Hiki i ka lā ke kumu:

• Loss o ka laholio (elastosis)
• Ulu ulu ʻili noncancerous (keratoacanthomas)
• Hoʻololi nā pigment e like me nā kiko o ke ake
• Mānoanoa o ka ʻili

Ua pili pololei ka pili ʻana o ka lā i nā maʻi ʻili, e like me ka maʻi ʻaʻa basal, ka carcinoma squamous cell, a me melanoma.

KOHO ANA

Ma muli o ka hapa nui o nā hoʻololi o ka ʻili e pili ana i ka puka ʻana o ka lā, ʻo ke pale ʻana he hana ia i ke ola a pau.

• Pale aku i ka lā o ka lā inā hiki.
• E hoʻohana i kahi pale sunscreen maikaʻi ke hele i waho, ʻoiai i ka hoʻoilo.
• E komo i nā lole pale a me ka pāpale ke pono.

Kōkua pū kekahi ka meaʻai maikaʻi a me nā wai kūpono. Hoʻonui ka dehydration i ka pilikia o ka ʻeha o ka ʻili. I kekahi manawa hiki i nā hemahema hānai liʻiliʻi ke hana i nā huehue, nā ʻili o ka ʻili, a me nā ʻili ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe ou mau hōʻailona ʻē aʻe.

E mālama i ka ʻili me ka wai aila a me nā mea hoʻonoe ʻē aʻe. Mai hoʻohana i nā kopa i ala nui ʻia. ʻAʻole makemake ʻia nā aila ʻauʻau no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke heʻe a hina. ʻOluʻolu ka ʻili hoʻoluʻu a e hoʻōla wikiwiki hoʻi.

NA Kumuhana e pili ana

• Hoʻololi ʻelemakule i ke ʻano o ke kino
• Hoʻololi nā ʻelemakule i ka lauoho a me nā kui
• Hoʻololi ʻelemakule i ka hana hormone
• Hoʻololi nā ʻelemakule i nā meaola, nā aʻa, a me nā hunaola
• Hoʻololi nā ʻelemakule i nā iwi, nā mākala, a me nā ami
• Hoʻololi ʻelemakule i ka umauma
• Hoʻololi ʻelemakule i ka maka
• Hoʻololi nā ʻelemakule i nā manaʻo

Nā Wrinkles - nā loli kūnewa; Lahilahi o ka ʻili

• Nā loli i ke alo me ka makahiki

ʻO Tobin DJ, Veysey EC, Finlay AY. ʻO kaʻelemakule a me kaʻili. I: Fillit HM, Rockwood K, Young J, eds. ʻO Brocklehurst's Textbook of Geriatric Medicine a me Gerontology. 8th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 25.

Walston JD. ʻO ka maʻi maʻamau o ka ʻelemakule. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 22.