Catecholamines - mimi

ʻO Catecholamines he mau kemika i hana ʻia e nā aʻa nerve (me ka lolo) a me ke aʻa adrenal.

ʻO nā ʻano nui o nā catecholamines he dopamine, norepinephrine, a me epinephrine. Wāwahi kēia mau kemika i nā mea ʻē aʻe, e waiho i kou kino ma o kou mimi.

Hiki ke hana i kahi hōʻike mimi e ana i ka pae o nā catecholamines i kou kino. Hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua mimi hoʻokaʻawale e ana i nā mea pili.

Hiki ke ana ʻia nā catecholamines me kahi hōʻike koko.

No kēia hoʻāʻo, pono ʻoe e ʻohi i kou mimi i loko o kahi ʻeke kūikawā a i ʻole ipu i kēlā me kēia manawa ke mimi ʻoe no ka manawa 24-hola.

• I ka lā 1, mimiki ma luna o ka lua ke ala ʻoe i ke kakahiaka a hoʻolei i kēlā mimi.
• ʻO ka mimi i loko o ka pahu kūikawā i kēlā me kēia manawa ke hoʻohana ʻoe i ka lua no 24 mau hola e hiki mai ana. E mālama iā ia i loko o ka pahu hau a i kahi wahi anuanu i ka manawa o ka hōʻiliʻili.
• I ka lā 2, mimi hou i loko o ka ipu i ke kakahiaka ke ala hou ʻoe.
• E lepili i ka ipu me kou inoa, ka lā, ka manawa o ka pau ʻana, a hoʻihoʻi e like me ke kuhikuhi.

No kahi pēpē, holoi pono i kahi e puka ai ka mimi i ke kino.

• E wehe i kahi ʻeke hōʻiliʻili mimi (kahi ʻeke palekiko me kahi pepa lina ma kekahi wēlau).
• No nā kāne, kau i ka peni holoʻokoʻa i loko o ka ʻeke a hoʻopili i ka lina i ka ʻili.
• No nā wahine, kau i ka ʻeke ma luna o ka labia.
• Diaper e like me ka maʻa ma luna o ka ʻeke paʻa.

Lawe paha kēia kaʻina hana i kekahi mau hoʻāʻo. Hiki i kahi pēpē hana ke hoʻoneʻe i ka ʻeke e hele ai ka mimi i ka diaper.

E hōʻoia pinepine i ka pēpē a hoʻololi i ka ʻeke ma hope o ka mimiki ʻana o ka pēpē iā ia. E hoʻopau i ka mimi mai ka ʻeke i loko o ka ipu i hāʻawi ʻia e kāu mea mālama ola.

E hāʻawi i kahi laʻana i ke keʻena hoʻokolohua a i kāu mea lawelawe i ka hiki wawe.

Hoʻopilikia ke koʻikoʻi a me ka hoʻoikaika kino i nā hopena hōʻike.

Hiki i kekahi mau mea ʻai ke hoʻonui i nā catecholamines i kou mimi. Pono paha ʻoe e hōʻalo i nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu aʻe no kekahi mau lā ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.

• Maiʻa
• Kokoleka
• Nā hua citrus
• ʻO Cocoa
• Kope
• Laikini
• Tī
• Vanila

Hiki i nā lāʻau he nui ke hoʻopilikia i nā hopena hōʻike.

• E haʻi aku kāu mea lawelawe iā ʻoe inā pono ʻoe e haʻalele i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau i mua o kou loaʻa ʻana o kēia hōʻike.
• Mai kū a hoʻololi paha i kāu mau lāʻau me ke kamaʻilio ʻole mua ʻana i kāu mea hāʻawi.

Pili ka hōʻike i ka urination maʻamau wale nō, a ʻaʻohe pilikia.

Hana pinepine ʻia ka hoʻāʻo e kuhikuhi i kahi tumora adrenal gland i kapa ʻia ʻo pheochromocytoma. Hoʻohana ʻia nō paha ia e ʻike pono i ka neuroblastoma. Hoʻonui ʻia ka pae mimi catecholamine i ka hapanui o ka poʻe me neuroblastoma.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hōʻike mimi no catecholamines e nānā i ka poʻe e loaʻa ana ka lāʻau no kēia mau ʻano.

Uhaʻi ʻia nā catecholamines āpau i nā mea hana ʻole i ʻike ʻia i ka mimi.

• Lilo ka Dopamine i ka waikawa homovanillic (HVA)
• Lilo ʻo Norepinephrine i normetanephrine a me vanillylmandelic acid (VMA)
• Lilo ʻo Epinephrine i metanephrine a me VMA

ʻO nā kumukūʻai maʻamau aʻe ka nui o nā mea i loaʻa i ka mimi ma kahi o 24 mau hola.

• Dopamine: 65 a 400 micrograms (mcg) / 24 hola (420 a 2612 nmol / 24 hola)
• Epinephrine: 0.5 a 20 mcg / 24 mau hola
• Metanephrine: 24 a 96 mcg / 24 mau hola (hāʻawi kekahi mau keʻena hoʻokolohua i ka laulā e like me 140 a 785 mcg / 24 mau hola)
• Norepinephrine: 15 a 80 mcg / 24 mau hola (89 a 473 nmol / 24 mau hola)
• Normetanephrine: 75 a 375 mcg / 24 mau hola
• Huina catecholamines mimi: 14 a 110 mcg / 24 hola
• VMA: 2 a 7 milligrams (mg) / 24 hola (10 a 35 mcmol / 24 hola)

Hiki ke loli iki nā pae waiwai maʻamau i waena o nā hale hana ʻokoʻa. E kamaʻilio i kāu mea hāʻawi e pili ana i ke ʻano o kāu mau hopena hōʻike.

Hōʻike nā hiʻohiʻona ma luna i nā ana maʻamau no nā hopena no kēia mau hoʻāʻo. Hoʻohana kekahi mau keʻena hoʻokolohua i nā ana like ʻole a i ʻole hoʻokolohua i nā hoʻohālikelike like ʻole.

Hiki ke hōʻike i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o nā catecholamines urinary:

• Hopohopo nui
• Ganglioneuroblastoma (kākaʻikahi loa)
• Ganglioneuroma (kākaʻikahi loa)
• Neuroblastoma (laha ʻole)
• Pheochromocytoma (laha ʻole)
• Kaha koʻikoʻi

Hana ʻia paha ka hōʻike no:

• Neoplasia endocrine maha (MEN) II

ʻAʻohe pilikia.

Hiki i kekahi mau meaʻai a me nā lāʻau, a me ka hoʻoikaika kino a me ke koʻikoʻi, ke hoʻololi i ka pololei o kēia hōʻike.

Dopamine - mimi hoʻāʻo; Epinephrine - hoʻāʻo mimi; Adrenalin - hoʻāʻo mimi; Metanephrine mimi; Normetanephrine; Norepinephrine - hoʻāʻo mimi; ʻO nā catecholamines mimi; VMA; HVA; Metanephrine; Homovanillic acid (HVA)

• ʻĀpana mimi wahine
• ʻĀpana mimi kāne
• Hōʻike mimi Catecholamine

ʻO Guber HA, Farag AF. ʻO ka loiloi o ka hana endocrine. I: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, hua. ʻO kā Henry's Clinical Diagnosis a me Management e nā Laboratory Methods. 23rd Ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chap 24.

ʻO WF ʻōpio. Adrenal medulla, catecholamines, a me pheochromocytoma. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 25th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 228.